cholesterol is a lipid of Sterol Lipids (ST) class. Cholesterol is associated with abnormalities such as Trypanosomiasis, Chagas Disease, Cleft Palate, Chondrodysplasia punctata 2, X-linked dominant and Child syndrome. The involved functions are known as Blood Circulation, Sterol Biosynthesis Pathway, Receptor Mediated Endocytosis, Methylation and Signal. Cholesterol often locates in Animal tissue, Blood, Membrane, Plasma membrane and peroxisome. The associated genes with cholesterol are MBD2 gene, SIM, SLC33A1 gene, Genome and NSDHL gene. The related lipids are Sterols, zymosterol, fecosterol, Total cholesterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out, Genetically Engineered Mouse and Disease model.
To understand associated biological information of cholesterol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
cholesterol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol gallstones, Obesity, SVEINSSON CHORIORETINAL ATROPHY, Congenital Abnormality and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with cholesterol
Lipid pathways are not clear in current pathway databases. We organized associated pathways with cholesterol through full-text articles, including metabolic pathways or pathways of biological mechanisms.
Pathway name | Related literatures |
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Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Acid sphingomyelinase-deficient macrophages have defective cholesterol trafficking and efflux.' (Leventhal AR et al., 2001), Knock-out are used in the study 'On the regulatory role of side-chain hydroxylated oxysterols in the brain. Lessons from CYP27A1 transgenic and Cyp27a1(-/-) mice.' (Ali Z et al., 2013), Knock-out are used in the study 'Regulation of classic and alternative bile acid synthesis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: effects of cholesterol feeding and bile acid depletion.' (Xu G et al., 1998), Knock-out are used in the study 'Functional redundancy of steroid C26-monooxygenase activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed by biochemical and genetic analyses.' (Johnston JB et al., 2010) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Marked reduction in bile acid synthesis in cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase-deficient mice does not lead to diminished tissue cholesterol turnover or to hypercholesterolemia.' (Schwarz M et al., 1998).
Mouse Model are used in the study 'Fenofibrate reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption via PPARalpha-dependent modulation of NPC1L1 expression in mouse.' (Valasek MA et al., 2007), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Functional redundancy of steroid C26-monooxygenase activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed by biochemical and genetic analyses.' (Johnston JB et al., 2010), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Cholic acid aids absorption, biliary secretion, and phase transitions of cholesterol in murine cholelithogenesis.' (Wang DQ et al., 1999), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Feedback inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome as demonstrated by urinary mevalonate excretion.' (Pappu AS et al., 2002) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Disorders of cholesterol biosynthesis: prototypic metabolic malformation syndromes.' (Herman GE, 2003).
Disease model are used in the study 'Amphotericin B lipid complex or amphotericin B multiple-dose administration to rabbits with elevated plasma cholesterol levels: pharmacokinetics in plasma and blood, plasma lipoprotein levels, distribution in tissues, and renal toxicities.' (Ramaswamy M et al., 2001) and Disease model are used in the study 'Increased cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase expression and size of the bile acid pool in the lactating rat.' (Wooton-Kee CR et al., 2008).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Leng E et al. | Synergistic effect of phytochemicals on cholesterol metabolism and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. | 2018 | BMC Complement Altern Med | pmid:29622007 |
Donaldson SH and de Aguiar HB | Molecular Imaging of Cholesterol and Lipid Distributions in Model Membranes. | 2018 | J Phys Chem Lett | pmid:29521507 |
Fraz S et al. | Gemfibrozil and carbamazepine decrease steroid production in zebrafish testes (Danio rerio). | 2018 | Aquat. Toxicol. | pmid:29494825 |
Heitzig N et al. | Cooperative binding promotes demand-driven recruitment of AnxA8 to cholesterol-containing membranes. | 2018 | Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids | pmid:29306076 |
Hoseini Z et al. | NLRP3 inflammasome: Its regulation and involvement in atherosclerosis. | 2018 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:28345767 |
Simonen P et al. | Desmosterol accumulation in users of amiodarone. | 2018 | J. Intern. Med. | pmid:28861933 |
Plesnar E et al. | Is the cholesterol bilayer domain a barrier to oxygen transport into the eye lens? | 2018 | Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr | pmid:29079282 |
Formichi P et al. | Primary cilium alterations and expression changes of Patched1 proteins in niemann-pick type C disease. | 2018 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:28332184 |
Safar HA et al. | Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms among Emirati patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 2018 | J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:28323045 |
Johnson QR et al. | Effects of carotenoids on lipid bilayers. | 2018 | Phys Chem Chem Phys | pmid:29349456 |
Both T et al. | Hydroxychloroquine affects bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo. | 2018 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:28556961 |
Samardzija D et al. | Bisphenol A decreases progesterone synthesis by disrupting cholesterol homeostasis in rat granulosa cells. | 2018 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:28859904 |
Ruan B et al. | Cholesterol inhibits entotic cell-in-cell formation and actomyosin contraction. | 2018 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:29198709 |
Agrawal S et al. | Dyslipidaemia in nephrotic syndrome: mechanisms and treatment. | 2018 | Nat Rev Nephrol | pmid:29176657 |
Yamamoto Y et al. | Intracellular cholesterol level regulates sensitivity of glioblastoma cells against temozolomide-induced cell death by modulation of caspase-8 activation via death receptor 5-accumulation and activation in the plasma membrane lipid raft. | 2018 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:29162448 |
Shigematsu T et al. | Stretch-Induced Interdigitation of a Phospholipid/Cholesterol Bilayer. | 2018 | J Phys Chem B | pmid:29419298 |
Lu DL et al. | Reproducibility of serum oxysterols and lanosterol among postmenopausal women: Results from EPIC-Heidelberg. | 2018 | Clin. Biochem. | pmid:29108727 |
Rajan S et al. | Novel indole and triazole based hybrid molecules exhibit potent anti-adipogenic and antidyslipidemic activity by activating Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. | 2018 | Eur J Med Chem | pmid:29153558 |
Panchoo M and Lacko A | Scavenger receptor class B type 1 regulates neuroblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. | 2018 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:29128352 |
Chen L et al. | Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates foam cell formation of THP-1 macrophages by suppressing ox-LDL uptake and promoting cholesterol efflux. | 2018 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:29122594 |
Gilbert S et al. | Characterization of an Aldolase Involved in Cholesterol Side Chain Degradation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 2018 | J. Bacteriol. | pmid:29109182 |
Stoeck IK et al. | Hepatitis C Virus Replication Depends on Endosomal Cholesterol Homeostasis. | 2018 | J. Virol. | pmid:29046459 |
Singh K and Chan HM | Association of blood polychlorinated biphenyls and cholesterol levels among Canadian Inuit. | 2018 | Environ. Res. | pmid:29035785 |
Asif M et al. | TG haplotype in the LRP8 is associated with myocardial infarction in south Indian population. | 2018 | Gene | pmid:29032149 |
Singh P et al. | PDIM and SL1 accumulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is associated with mce4A expression. | 2018 | Gene | pmid:28988960 |
Lin Y et al. | Oxidation of sitosterol and campesterol in foods upon cooking with liquid margarines without and with added plant sterol esters. | 2018 | Food Chem | pmid:28958544 |
Bhojoo U et al. | Temperature induced lipid membrane restructuring and changes in nanomechanics. | 2018 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:29248477 |
Crowson CS et al. | Impact of risk factors associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 2018 | Ann. Rheum. Dis. | pmid:28877868 |
Liu S et al. | Discriminating between adaptive and carcinogenic liver hypertrophy in rat studies using logistic ridge regression analysis of toxicogenomic data: The mode of action and predictive models. | 2017 | Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. | pmid:28108177 |
Villalpando DM et al. | Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation prevents the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in arteries from orchidectomized rats. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:28968462 |
Doktorova M et al. | Cholesterol Promotes Protein Binding by Affecting Membrane Electrostatics and Solvation Properties. | 2017 | Biophys. J. | pmid:29117524 |
Malabed R et al. | Sterol-recognition ability and membrane-disrupting activity of Ornithogalum saponin OSW-1 and usual 3-O-glycosyl saponins. | 2017 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:28947142 |
Loffredo MR et al. | Membrane perturbing activities and structural properties of the frog-skin derived peptide Esculentin-1a(1-21)NH and its Diastereomer Esc(1-21)-1c: Correlation with their antipseudomonal and cytotoxic activity. | 2017 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:28912103 |
Russo G et al. | Cholesterol affects the interaction between an ionic liquid and phospholipid vesicles. A study by differential scanning calorimetry and nanoplasmonic sensing. | 2017 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:28912102 |
Liu M et al. | Prevention of cholesterol gallstone disease by schaftoside in lithogenic diet-induced C57BL/6 mouse model. | 2017 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:28993159 |
Feng D et al. | Bisphenol A promotes cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells by up-regulation of NPC1L1 expression. | 2017 | Lipids Health Dis | pmid:28057006 |
Thyagarajan B et al. | Perturbation to Cholesterol at the Neuromuscular Junction Confers Botulinum Neurotoxin A Sensitivity to Neonatal Mice. | 2017 | Toxicol. Sci. | pmid:28645175 |
Wang Y et al. | Targeting the Enterohepatic Bile Acid Signaling Induces Hepatic Autophagy via a CYP7A1-AKT-mTOR Axis in Mice. | 2017 | Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:28275691 |
Mesmin B et al. | Sterol transfer, PI4P consumption, and control of membrane lipid order by endogenous OSBP. | 2017 | EMBO J. | pmid:28978670 |
Costabile A et al. | An in vivo assessment of the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum ECGC 13110402 in normal to mildly hypercholesterolaemic adults. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29228000 |
Rouviere E et al. | Identification of Two New Cholesterol Interaction Sites on the A Adenosine Receptor. | 2017 | Biophys. J. | pmid:29211995 |
de Candia P et al. | A unique plasma microRNA profile defines type 2 diabetes progression. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29200427 |
Alsubheen SA et al. | The effects of diurnal Ramadan fasting on energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in healthy men. | 2017 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:29198194 |
Lockhart C and Klimov DK | Cholesterol Changes the Mechanisms of Aβ Peptide Binding to the DMPC Bilayer. | 2017 | J Chem Inf Model | pmid:28910085 |
Dang EV et al. | Oxysterol Restraint of Cholesterol Synthesis Prevents AIM2 Inflammasome Activation. | 2017 | Cell | pmid:29033131 |
Guimarães KSL et al. | Effect of maternal dyslipidaemia on the cardiorespiratory physiology and biochemical parameters in male rat offspring. | 2017 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:29173205 |
Chalmers AD et al. | Nonlinear dynamics of early atherosclerotic plaque formation may determine the efficacy of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plaque regression. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29161303 |
Wang SH et al. | Embryonic cholesterol esterification is regulated by a cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in yolk sac membrane-derived endodermal epithelial cells. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29161294 |
Petta S et al. | Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism drive steatosis and fibrosis risk in young females with PCOS. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29161258 |
Lucas JE et al. | An electronic health record based model predicts statin adherence, LDL cholesterol, and cardiovascular disease in the United States Military Health System. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29155848 |
Lee G et al. | Post-transcriptional Regulation of De Novo Lipogenesis by mTORC1-S6K1-SRPK2 Signaling. | 2017 | Cell | pmid:29153836 |
Widenmaier SB et al. | NRF1 Is an ER Membrane Sensor that Is Central to Cholesterol Homeostasis. | 2017 | Cell | pmid:29149604 |
Socrier L et al. | Cholesterol-nitrone conjugates as protective agents against lipid oxidation: A model membrane study. | 2017 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:28982534 |
Khondker A et al. | Membrane Cholesterol Reduces Polymyxin B Nephrotoxicity in Renal Membrane Analogs. | 2017 | Biophys. J. | pmid:29117525 |
Hayward N et al. | U-shaped relationship between serum phosphate and cardiovascular risk: A retrospective cohort study. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29117214 |
Wang Y et al. | Barley β-glucan reduces blood cholesterol levels via interrupting bile acid metabolism. | 2017 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:29115200 |
Michos ED et al. | Use of the Coronary Artery Calcium Score in Discussion of Initiation of Statin Therapy in Primary Prevention. | 2017 | Mayo Clin. Proc. | pmid:29108840 |
Rajapakse D et al. | Serum starvation of ARPE-19 changes the cellular distribution of cholesterol and Fibulin3 in patterns reminiscent of age-related macular degeneration. | 2017 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:29097185 |
Liu JR et al. | Change in nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in adults with prediabetes. | 2017 | Medicine (Baltimore) | pmid:29095295 |
Bulum T et al. | Total Serum Cholesterol Increases Risk for Development and Progression of Nonproliferative Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Without Therapeutic Intervention: Prospective, Observational Study. | 2017 | Arch. Med. Res. | pmid:29089151 |
Zhang YY et al. | Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and microRNAs in intramuscular fat tissues of castrated and intact male Chinese Qinchuan cattle. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29073274 |
Mast N et al. | Transcriptional and post-translational changes in the brain of mice deficient in cholesterol removal mediated by cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1). | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29073233 |
Chengmao X et al. | ABCA1 affects placental function via trophoblast and macrophage. | 2017 | Life Sci. | pmid:29066252 |
More VR et al. | Glucagon like receptor 1/ glucagon dual agonist acutely enhanced hepatic lipid clearance and suppressed de novo lipogenesis in mice. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29065174 |
Silveira LS et al. | Effect of an acute moderate-exercise session on metabolic and inflammatory profile of PPAR-α knockout mice. | 2017 | Cell Biochem. Funct. | pmid:29063619 |
Bai YC et al. | Effect of Tumor Microenvironment on Selective Uptake of Boric Acid in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells. | 2017 | Anticancer Res. | pmid:29061819 |
Darwiche R et al. | Plant pathogenesis-related proteins of the cacao fungal pathogen differ in their lipid-binding specificities. | 2017 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:29042440 |
Taghavie-Moghadam PL et al. | STAT4 Regulates the CD8 Regulatory T Cell/T Follicular Helper Cell Axis and Promotes Atherogenesis in Insulin-Resistant Mice. | 2017 | J. Immunol. | pmid:29055004 |
Koka S et al. | Endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and arterial neointima formation associated with acid sphingomyelinase during hypercholesterolemia. | 2017 | Redox Biol | pmid:28633109 |
Hong KN et al. | How Low to Go With Glucose, Cholesterol, and Blood Pressure in Primary Prevention of CVD. | 2017 | J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. | pmid:29050566 |
Ruscitti P et al. | Subclinical atherosclerosis and history of cardiovascular events in Italian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a cross-sectional, multicenter GIRRCS (Gruppo Italiano di Ricerca in Reumatologia Clinica e Sperimentale) study. | 2017 | Medicine (Baltimore) | pmid:29049200 |
Jiang T et al. | Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Pparγ/Lxrα Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner. | 2017 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:29045950 |
Magnussen C et al. | Sex Differences and Similarities in Atrial Fibrillation Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Mortality in Community Cohorts: Results From the BiomarCaRE Consortium (Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe). | 2017 | Circulation | pmid:29038167 |
Manti S et al. | Association between Allergies and Hypercholesterolemia: A Systematic Review. | 2017 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:29035883 |
Cao Y et al. | Orally Administered Baker's Yeast β-Glucan Promotes Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis in the Livers of Obesity and Diabetes Model Mice. | 2017 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:29035040 |
Herneisen AL et al. | A Budding-Defective M2 Mutant Exhibits Reduced Membrane Interaction, Insensitivity to Cholesterol, and Perturbed Interdomain Coupling. | 2017 | Biochemistry | pmid:29034683 |
Chang WH et al. | Effects of Sterol-Like Additives on Phase Transition Behavior of Ion-Pair Amphiphile Bilayers. | 2017 | J Oleo Sci | pmid:29021491 |
Song JJ et al. | Effects of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 on the gut microbiota of hyperlipidaemic rats. | 2017 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:29017628 |
Cui C et al. | Modulation of the gut microbiota by the mixture of fish oil and krill oil in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:29016689 |
Bobin-Dubigeon C et al. | Liver X Receptor (LXR)-regulated Genes of Cholesterol Trafficking and Breast Cancer Severity. | 2017 | Anticancer Res. | pmid:28982861 |
Sané AT et al. | Understanding Chylomicron Retention Disease Through Sar1b Gtpase Gene Disruption: Insight From Cell Culture. | 2017 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:28982670 |
Lin X et al. | Endogenous Cholesterol Excretion Is Negatively Associated With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Humans. | 2017 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:28982667 |
Whiteley L et al. | Cholesterol and host cell surface proteins contribute to cell-cell fusion induced by the Burkholderia type VI secretion system 5. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:28973030 |
Li BR et al. | miR-758-5p regulates cholesterol uptake via targeting the CD36 3'UTR. | 2017 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:28965954 |
Lévesque V et al. | Relation Between a Simple Lifestyle Risk Score and Established Biological Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease. | 2017 | Am. J. Cardiol. | pmid:28965712 |
Sikorski A | 2014 NICE cholesterol guidelines. | 2017 | Br J Gen Pract | pmid:28963409 |
Patel SA et al. | Chronic disease concordance within Indian households: A cross-sectional study. | 2017 | PLoS Med. | pmid:28961237 |
Li Z et al. | Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Enters Neuro-2a Cells via Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in a Rab5-, Cholesterol-, and pH-Dependent Manner. | 2017 | J. Virol. | pmid:28956766 |
Gózd-Barszczewska A et al. | Gut microbiome as a biomarker of cardiometabolic disorders. | 2017 | Ann Agric Environ Med | pmid:28954482 |
Janić M et al. | Sub-therapeutic doses of fluvastatin and valsartan are more effective than therapeutic doses in providing beneficial cardiovascular pleiotropic effects in rats: A proof of concept study. | 2017 | Vascul. Pharmacol. | pmid:28951255 |
Storti F et al. | Regulated efflux of photoreceptor outer segment-derived cholesterol by human RPE cells. | 2017 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:28943268 |
Moghadasian MH et al. | Inhibitory Effects of North American Wild Rice on Monocyte Adhesion and Inflammatory Modulators in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Knockout Mice. | 2017 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:28942638 |
Trenteseaux C et al. | Perinatal Hypercholesterolemia Exacerbates Atherosclerosis Lesions in Offspring by Altering Metabolism of Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Bile Acids. | 2017 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:28935756 |
Kusters P et al. | Constitutive CD40 Signaling in Dendritic Cells Limits Atherosclerosis by Provoking Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Ensuing Cholesterol Malabsorption. | 2017 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:28935569 |
Zhao M et al. | Sex differences in risk factor management of coronary heart disease across three regions. | 2017 | Heart | pmid:28931567 |
Lyu J et al. | Pharmacological blockade of cholesterol trafficking by cepharanthine in endothelial cells suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth. | 2017 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:28923401 |
Robertson J et al. | Interleukin-6 blockade raises LDL via reduced catabolism rather than via increased synthesis: a cytokine-specific mechanism for cholesterol changes in rheumatoid arthritis. | 2017 | Ann. Rheum. Dis. | pmid:28916714 |
Arcarons N et al. | Cholesterol added prior to vitrification on the cryotolerance of immature and in vitro matured bovine oocytes. | 2017 | PLoS ONE | pmid:28910399 |
Tiburcio TC et al. | Connexin32 deficiency is associated with liver injury, inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. | 2017 | Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. | pmid:27859493 |
O'Donovan CB et al. | Metabotyping for the development of tailored dietary advice solutions in a European population: the Food4Me study. | 2017 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:29056103 |