Pivalic acid

Pivalic acid is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pivalic acid is associated with abnormalities such as Renal carnitine transport defect, Carnitine deficiency, Urinary tract infection, Otitis Media and Chronic infectious disease. The involved functions are known as carnitine transport, Uptake, inhibitors, Oxidation and Intestinal Absorption. Pivalic acid often locates in Grey line. The related lipids are pivalic acid and Fatty Acids.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of Pivalic acid, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with Pivalic acid?

Pivalic acid is suspected in Otitis Media, Renal carnitine transport defect, Carnitine deficiency, Urinary tract infection, Chronic infectious disease and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Pivalic acid

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Hemolysis D006461 131 associated lipids
Otitis Media D010033 12 associated lipids
Arrhythmias, Cardiac D001145 42 associated lipids
Body Weight D001835 333 associated lipids
Psoriasis D011565 47 associated lipids
Urinary Tract Infections D014552 11 associated lipids
Seizures D012640 87 associated lipids
Dermatitis D003872 30 associated lipids
Vitamin E Deficiency D014811 29 associated lipids
Hyperinsulinism D006946 27 associated lipids
Per page 10 20 | Total 14

PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with Pivalic acid

Lipid pathways are not clear in current pathway databases. We organized associated pathways with Pivalic acid through full-text articles, including metabolic pathways or pathways of biological mechanisms.

Related references are published most in these journals:

Pathway name Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with Pivalic acid?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What functions are associated with Pivalic acid?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with Pivalic acid?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What genes are associated with Pivalic acid?

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

What common seen animal models are associated with Pivalic acid?

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with Pivalic acid

Download all related citations
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 272
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Douglas KT et al. Mechanistic studies of carboxypeptidase Y. Kinetic detection of an acyl-enzyme intermediate in trimethylacetate esterase action. 1976 J. Am. Chem. Soc. pmid:993522
Czerkawski JW The use of pivalic acid as a reference substance in measurements of production of volatile fatty acids by rumen micro-organisms in vitro. 1976 Br. J. Nutr. pmid:952843
Giordano F et al. Crystal forms of piroxicam pivalate: preparation and characterization of two polymorphs. 1998 J Pharm Sci pmid:9523987
Lewin LM et al. Effects of pivalic acid and sodium pivalate on L-carnitine concentrations in the cauda epididymidis and on male fertility in the hamster. 1997 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. pmid:9402252
Cooper TG et al. Successful lowering of epididymal carnitine by administration of pivalate to rats. 1997 Int. J. Androl. pmid:9354188
Abrahamsson K et al. Pivalic acid-induced carnitine deficiency and physical exercise in humans. 1996 Metab. Clin. Exp. pmid:8969283
Bianchi PB et al. Carnitine supplementation ameliorates the steatosis and ketosis induced by pivalate in rats. 1996 J. Nutr. pmid:8914960
Bianchi PB and Davis AT beta-Hydroxybutyrate oxidation is reduced and hepatic balance of ketone bodies and free fatty acids is unaltered in carnitine-depleted, pivalate-treated rats. 1996 J. Nutr. pmid:8914959
Zanelli U et al. Induction of peroxisomal beta-oxidation and P-450 4A-dependent activities by pivalic and trichloroacetic acid in rat liver and kidney. 1996 Arch. Toxicol. pmid:8825670
Metges CC et al. Gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometric comparison of N-acetyl- and N-pivaloyl amino acid esters to measure 15N isotopic abundances in physiological samples: a pilot study on amino acid synthesis in the upper gastro-intestinal tract of minipigs. 1996 J Mass Spectrom pmid:8799283
Zanelli U et al. Selective depletion of mitochondrial glutathione content by pivalic acid and valproic acid in rat liver: possibility of a common mechanism. 1996 Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. pmid:8794200
Sauber K et al. A new esterase for the cleavage of pivalic acid-containing prodrug esters of cephalosporins. 1996 Enzyme Microb. Technol. pmid:8672280
Nakajima H et al. Pivalate affects carnitine status but causes no severe metabolic changes in rat liver. 1996 J. Nutr. pmid:8648443
Broderick TL et al. L-carnitine improvement of cardiac function is associated with a stimulation in glucose but not fatty acid metabolism in carnitine-deficient hearts. 1995 Cardiovasc. Res. pmid:8595631
Abrahamsson K et al. Transient reduction of human left ventricular mass in carnitine depletion induced by antibiotics containing pivalic acid. 1995 Br Heart J pmid:8541173
Davis AT Carnitine depletion in rat pups of lactating mothers given sodium pivalate. 1995 Biol. Neonate pmid:8534786
Shimizu K et al. Carnitine status and safety after administration of S-1108, a new oral cephem, to patients. 1993 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. pmid:8517691
Melegh B et al. Preferential elimination of pivalate with supplemental carnitine via formation of pivaloylcarnitine in man. 1993 Xenobiotica pmid:8310709
Fujii R et al. [Effect of cefditoren pivoxil on carnitine metabolism in pediatric patients]. 1993 Jpn J Antibiot pmid:8254895
Reckers VR and Wendt H [Multicentre-clinical trial of the novel corticosteroid diflucortolone valerate in the forms of cream, ointment and fatty ointment. Part I: Comparative study of diflucortolone valerate with fluocortolone, -capronate, -pivalate in a double-blind contralateral design with topical application (author's transl)]. 1976 Arzneimittelforschung pmid:795433
Abrahamsson K et al. Impaired ketogenesis in carnitine depletion caused by short-term administration of pivalic acid prodrug. 1994 Biochem. Med. Metab. Biol. pmid:7917463
Diep QN et al. Formation of pivaloylcarnitine in heart and brown adipose tissue in the rat. 1995 Biochim. Biophys. Acta pmid:7827109
Diep QN and Bøhmer T Increased pivaloylcarnitine in the liver of the sodium pivalate treated rat exposed to clofibrate. 1995 Biochim. Biophys. Acta pmid:7766704
Broderick TL et al. Fatty acid oxidation and cardiac function in the sodium pivalate model of secondary carnitine deficiency. 1995 Metab. Clin. Exp. pmid:7723673
Broderick TL et al. L-propionylcarnitine effects on cardiac carnitine content and function in secondary carnitine deficiency. 1995 Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. pmid:7671193
Abrahamsson K et al. Effect of short-term treatment with pivalic acid containing antibiotics on serum carnitine concentration--a risk irrespective of age. 1995 Biochem. Mol. Med. pmid:7551831
Mizojiri K et al. Disposition of S-1108, a new oral cephem antibiotic, and metabolic fate of pivalic acid liberated from [pivaloyl-14C]S-1108 in rats and dogs. 1995 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. pmid:7492083
Diep QN et al. Formation of pivaloylcarnitine in isolated rat heart cells. 1995 Biochim. Biophys. Acta pmid:7488636
Morris GS et al. Sodium pivalate reduces cardiac carnitine content and increases glucose oxidation without affecting cardiac functional capacity. 1995 Life Sci. pmid:7475977
Staatz WD et al. Cytotoxicity of pivalylphenylephrine and pivalic acid to corneal endothelium. 1980 Arch. Ophthalmol. pmid:7396784
Lloyd S et al. The effect of corticosteroid therapy on infection with Toxocara canis in dogs. 1981 Z Parasitenkd pmid:7324542
Nakamura T et al. Effect of d,l-alpha-tocopheryl esters on vitamin E-deficient rats. 1978 J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. pmid:731332
Fairclough RJ et al. Dexamethasone concentrations in plasma and milk of cows following the injection of long- and short-acting dexamethasone esters. 1981 Aust. J. Biol. Sci. pmid:7295211
Deutsch C et al. Synaptosomes from rat brain: morphology, compartmentation, and transmembrane pH and electrical gradients. 1981 J. Neurochem. pmid:7241148
Goldberg I et al. Dipivefrin: current concepts. 1980 Aust J Ophthalmol pmid:7004425
Mattocks AR and Cabral JR Carcinogenicity of some pyrrolic pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolites and analogues. 1982 Cancer Lett. pmid:6817913
Peel CJ et al. The importance of prolactin and the milking stimulus in the artificial induction of lactation in cows. 1978 Aust. J. Biol. Sci. pmid:678223
Van Dort M et al. Potential tumor or organ-imaging agents, 24. Radioiodinated pregnenolone esters. 1984 Steroids pmid:6537047
Tamaru RD et al. Comparison of ocular disposition of free pivalic acid and pivalic acid esterified in dipivefrin. 1983 Arch. Ophthalmol. pmid:6347153
Ercolani L and Schulte WE Metabolic and morphologic effects of colchicine on human T-lymphocyte expression of Fc mu and Fc gamma receptors. 1983 Cell. Immunol. pmid:6303602
Andersson L et al. Glucose concentrations in plasma and urine after glucocorticoid injection in healthy cows. 1982 Apr-May Nord Vet Med pmid:6184673
Vickers S et al. Metabolism of methyldopa in man after oral administration of the pivaloyloxyethyl ester. 1984 Mar-Apr Drug Metab. Dispos. pmid:6144491
Crofton JT et al. The importance of vasopressin in the development and maintenance of DOC-salt hypertension in the rat. 1979 Jan-Feb Hypertension pmid:544512
Bailey LF et al. The use of dexamethasone trimethylacetate to advance parturition in dairy cows. 1973 Aust. Vet. J. pmid:4777214
Dzielak DJ and Norman RA Renal nerves are not necessary for onset or maintenance of DOC-salt hypertension in rats. 1985 Am. J. Physiol. pmid:4061671
Vickers S et al. Carnitine and glucuronic acid conjugates of pivalic acid. 1985 Xenobiotica pmid:4036169
Johnston NE and Stewart JA The effect of glucocorticoids and prematurity on absorption of colostral immunoglobulin in the calf. 1986 Aust. Vet. J. pmid:3767799
Melegh B et al. Pivampicillin-promoted excretion of pivaloylcarnitine in humans. 1987 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:3675603
Hussain MA et al. Improvement of the oral bioavailability of naltrexone in dogs: a prodrug approach. 1987 J Pharm Sci pmid:3656096
Sciotti V and Gallant S Resistance to mineralocorticoid-induced hypertensive vascular disease. 1987 Hypertension pmid:3610293
Lelièvre V et al. Correlation between binding activity, inhibition of lymphoblastic transformation and metabolism of tixocortol 21 pivalate in mouse thymocytes. 1987 Agents Actions pmid:3500591
Chattopadhyay SP et al. Betamethasone dipropionate (0.05%) plus salicylic acid (3%) ointment versus dexamethasone trimethyl acetate (1%) and salicylic acid 4% ointments in chronic dermatoses. 1987 Indian J Dermatol pmid:3453353
Bruner CA et al. Area postrema ablation and vascular reactivity in deoxycorticosterone-salt-treated rats. 1988 Hypertension pmid:3391678
Ueno Y et al. Characteristics of hormonal and neurogenic mechanisms of deoxycorticosterone-induced hypertension. 1988 Hypertension pmid:3346052
Maurer H and Kessler C Identification and quantification of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol in plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 1988 Arch. Toxicol. pmid:3190459
Foussereau J and Jelen G [An unrecognized cause of allergic eczema of the face: a corticoid, tixocortol pivalate]. 1987 Presse Med pmid:2954110
MacDiarmid SC Betamethasone alcohol suspensions for the induction of parturition in dairy cows: a comparison with dexamethasone trimethyl acetate. 1979 N Z Vet J pmid:292913
Haradahira T et al. Potential tumor- or organ-imaging agents. 29. Radioiodinated esters and amides of 20-hydroxy- and 20-aminopregn-5-en-3 beta-ols. 1989 J. Med. Chem. pmid:2918507
Tong L et al. Development of a prodrug of hydantoin based TACE inhibitor. 2017 Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. pmid:28711352
Freed JJ et al. Evidence for acyloxymethyl esters of pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleotides as extracellular sources of active 5'-deoxyribonucleotides in cultured cells. 1989 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:2818620
Takahashi Y et al. A case of sudden unexpected infant death involving a homozygotic twin with the thermolabile CPT2 variant, accompanied by rotavirus infection and treatment with an antibiotic containing pivalic acid. 2016 Leg Med (Tokyo) pmid:27591533
Wu DR et al. Additive free preparative chiral SFC separations of 2,2-dimethyl-3-aryl-propanoic acids. 2016 J Pharm Biomed Anal pmid:27522108
Stanton BA Characterization of apical and basolateral membrane conductances of rat inner medullary collecting duct. 1989 Am. J. Physiol. pmid:2719119
Lin Y et al. Cooperative catalysis of N-heterocyclic carbene and Brønsted acid for a highly enantioselective route to unprotected spiro-indoline-pyrans. 2015 Chem. Commun. (Camb.) pmid:25882587
Melegh B Carnitine supplementation in pivampicillin treatment. 1989 Lancet pmid:2572813
Holme E et al. Carnitine deficiency induced by pivampicillin and pivmecillinam therapy. 1989 Lancet pmid:2570185
Hughes CS et al. Effects of certain stress factors on the re-excretion of infectious laryngotracheitis virus from latently infected carrier birds. 1989 Res. Vet. Sci. pmid:2539638
Nasu T et al. Newborn hypocarnitinemia due to long-term transplacental pivalic acid passage. 2014 Pediatr Int pmid:25335995
Manolikakes SM et al. Air-stable solid aryl and heteroaryl organozinc pivalates: syntheses and applications in organic synthesis. 2014 Chemistry pmid:25116852
Witney TH et al. Preclinical evaluation of 3-18F-fluoro-2,2-dimethylpropionic acid as an imaging agent for tumor detection. 2014 J. Nucl. Med. pmid:25012458
Srinivas HD et al. Enantiospecific, nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of allylic pivalates and arylboroxines. 2014 Org. Lett. pmid:24927013
Yahyaoui R et al. [C5-carnitine false positive results in newborn screening: what is the cause?]. 2015 Med Clin (Barc) pmid:24889749
Lu Q et al. Mechanistic study of chemoselectivity in Ni-catalyzed coupling reactions between azoles and aryl carboxylates. 2014 J. Am. Chem. Soc. pmid:24823646
Zhou Q et al. In situ generation of palladium nanoparticles: ligand-free palladium catalyzed pivalic acid assisted carbonylative Suzuki reactions at ambient conditions. 2014 J. Org. Chem. pmid:24397578
Boemer F et al. Surprising causes of C5-carnitine false positive results in newborn screening. 2014 Mol. Genet. Metab. pmid:24291264
Muto K et al. Isolation, structure, and reactivity of an arylnickel(II) pivalate complex in catalytic C-H/C-O biaryl coupling. 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. pmid:24152083
Zhou Q et al. Nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of benzylic pivalates with arylboroxines: stereospecific formation of diarylalkanes and triarylmethanes. 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. pmid:23425080
Trost BM et al. Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 3-aryloxindoles with allylidene dipivalate: a useful enol pivalate product. 2013 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. pmid:23335176
Demory E et al. Fast Pd- and Pd/Cu-catalyzed direct C-H arylation of cyclic nitrones. Application to the synthesis of enantiopure quaternary α-amino esters. 2012 J. Org. Chem. pmid:22946756
Aljaar N et al. Cu-catalyzed reaction of 1,2-dihalobenzenes with 1,3-cyclohexanediones for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-1(2H)-ones. 2012 J. Org. Chem. pmid:22917488
Del Rosso JQ and Kircik L A Comprehensive Review of Clocortolone Pivalate 0.1% Cream: Structural Development, Formulation Characteristics, and Studies Supporting Treatment of Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses. 2012 J Clin Aesthet Dermatol pmid:22798972
Singh S and Mann BK Clinical utility of clocortolone pivalate for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive skin disorders: a systematic review. 2012 Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol pmid:22791998
Rezanka T et al. Biosynthesis and metabolic pathways of pivalic acid. 2012 Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. pmid:22790609
Barberán J et al. Update on the clinical utility and optimal use of cefditoren. 2012 Int J Gen Med pmid:22675264
Tomkowicz Z et al. Magnetooptical and structural investigations of five dimeric cobalt(II) complexes mimicking metalloenzyme active sites. 2012 Inorg Chem pmid:22621284
Cao G et al. Bis[(1H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-1-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethyl-propano-ato-κN(3)]dichlorido-copper(II). 2012 Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online pmid:22590111
Xu S and Shen Y (1H-1,2,3-Benzotriazol-1-yl)methyl 2,2-dimethyl-propano-ate. 2012 Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online pmid:22589933
Lam KK et al. Nitazoxanide stimulates autophagy and inhibits mTORC1 signaling and intracellular proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 2012 PLoS Pathog. pmid:22589723
Rasmussen J et al. Primary carnitine deficiency and pivalic acid exposure causing encephalopathy and fatal cardiac events. 2013 J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. pmid:22566287
Shan Y et al. Rapid acyl migration between pyrogallyl 1,2- and 1,3-dipivaloates. 2012 Nat Prod Commun pmid:22545406
Kuka J et al. A short-term high-dose administration of sodium pivalate impairs pyruvate metabolism without affecting cardiac function. 2012 Cardiovasc. Toxicol. pmid:22539084
Dorofeeva VN et al. 2D porous honeycomb polymers versus discrete nanocubes from trigonal trinuclear complexes and ligands with variable topology. 2012 Chemistry pmid:22407897
Slusarski T et al. Electronic structure and magnetic properties of a molecular octanuclear chromium-based ring. 2011 J Nanosci Nanotechnol pmid:22400306
Xu W et al. Identification and characterization of three impurities in clocortolone pivalate. 2012 J Pharm Biomed Anal pmid:22264563
Yang G et al. (E)-2-(4-tert-But-ylphen-yl)-2-cyano-1-(3-methyl-1-vinyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)vinyl 2,2-dimethyl-propano-ate. 2012 Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online pmid:22259565
Meng Q et al. Di-μ-pivalato-κO,O':O';κO:O,O'-bis-[(methanol-κO)bis-(2,2,6,6-tetra-methylhepta-ne-3,5-dionato)praseo-dymium(III)]. 2011 Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online pmid:22219764
Gensch T et al. Snapshot of the palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidative biaryl bond formation by X-ray analysis of the intermediate diaryl palladium(II) complex. 2012 Chemistry pmid:22170766
Cracan V and Banerjee R Novel coenzyme B12-dependent interconversion of isovaleryl-CoA and pivalyl-CoA. 2012 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:22167181
Mereacre V et al. Contribution of spin and anisotropy to single molecule magnet behavior in a family of bell-shaped Mn11Ln2 coordination clusters. 2011 Inorg Chem pmid:22047593
Kim D and Hong S Palladium(II)-catalyzed direct intermolecular alkenylation of chromones. 2011 Org. Lett. pmid:21797199