| MeSH term | MeSH ID | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Duodenal Ulcer | D004381 | 12 associated lipids |
| Fetal Weight | D020567 | 12 associated lipids |
| Arterial Occlusive Diseases | D001157 | 12 associated lipids |
| Death, Sudden | D003645 | 12 associated lipids |
| Vitamin D Deficiency | D014808 | 13 associated lipids |
| Multiple Sclerosis | D009103 | 13 associated lipids |
| Heart Arrest | D006323 | 13 associated lipids |
| Osteoarthritis, Knee | D020370 | 13 associated lipids |
| Hypercalcemia | D006934 | 13 associated lipids |
| Polycythemia Vera | D011087 | 13 associated lipids |
Platelet activating factor
Platelet activating factor is a lipid of Glycerophospholipids (GP) class. Platelet activating factor is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Acute cholecystitis without calculus, Cholecystitis, Colitis and Cholecystitis, Acute. The involved functions are known as Cell Survival, Metabolic Inhibition, lipid oxidation, Apoptosis and Oxidation. Platelet activating factor often locates in soluble, Cellular Membrane, Smooth muscle (tissue), Intima and Tissue specimen. The associated genes with Platelet activating factor are apolipoprotein A-I Milano, Homologous Gene, TSPO gene, HBEGF gene and SLC33A1 gene. The related lipids are Hydroxycholesterols, Liposomes, 25-hydroxycholesterol, Lysophosphatidylcholines and Lipopolysaccharides. The related experimental models are Knock-out, Mouse Model and Transgenic Model.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of Platelet activating factor, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Platelet activating factor is suspected in Ischemia, Pleurisy, Atherosclerosis, Inflammatory disorder, Retinal Diseases, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Platelet activating factor
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with Platelet activating factor
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
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What functions are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What lipids are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What genes are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What common seen animal models are associated with Platelet activating factor?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'A cardioprotective role for platelet-activating factor through NOS-dependent S-nitrosylation.' (Leary PJ et al., 2008).
Mouse Model
Mouse Model are used in the study 'A regulatory role of LPCAT1 in the synthesis of inflammatory lipids, PAF and LPC, in the retina of diabetic mice.' (Cheng L et al., 2009).
Transgenic Model
Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Heterogeneity in the sn-1 carbon chain of platelet-activating factor glycerophospholipids determines pro- or anti-apoptotic signaling in primary neurons.' (Ryan SD et al., 2008).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with Platelet activating factor
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Satouchi K et al. | Application of selected ion monitoring to determination of platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | J. Biochem. | pmid:6423622 |
| Hillmar I and Zöllner N | Saturated and unsaturated 1-0-alkyl-2-0-acetoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholines and 2-lyso derivatives from ratfish liver oil. Effect on adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate concentration in hepatocyte suspensions. | 1983 | Res Exp Med (Berl) | pmid:6310713 |
| Mauco G et al. | Platelet activating factor (PAF-acether) promotes an early degradation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate in rabbit platelets. | 1983 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:6311620 |
| Camussi G et al. | Release of platelet activating factor in rabbits with antibody-mediated injury of the lung: the role of leukocytes and of pulmonary endothelial cells. | 1983 | J. Immunol. | pmid:6311899 |
| Hwang SB et al. | Specific receptor sites for 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet activating factor) on rabbit platelet and guinea pig smooth muscle membranes. | 1983 | Biochemistry | pmid:6313047 |
| Shukla SD and Hanahan DJ | An early transient decrease in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate upon stimulation of rabbit platelets with acetylglycerylether phosphorylcholine (platelet activating factor). | 1983 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:6320731 |
| Larsen GL and Henson PM | Mediators of inflammation. | 1983 | Annu. Rev. Immunol. | pmid:6399978 |
| Albert DH and Snyder F | Biosynthesis of 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet-activating factor) from 1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by rat alveolar macrophages. Phospholipase A2 and acetyltransferase activities during phagocytosis and ionophore stimulation. | 1983 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:6401298 |
| McManus LM et al. | Thromboxane B2 (TxB2) release following acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (AGEPC) infusion in the rabbit. | 1983 | Immunopharmacology | pmid:6832960 |
| König W et al. | On the biological role of lipid chemotactic factors. | 1983 | Agents Actions Suppl. | pmid:6404145 |
| Ninio E et al. | Biosynthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether). V. Enhancement of acetyltransferase activity in murine peritoneal cells by calcium ionophore A23187. | 1983 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:6405792 |
| Alam I et al. | Human and rabbit platelets form platelet-activating factor in response to calcium ionophore. | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6407140 |
| Ostermann G et al. | Studies on the stimulation of human blood platelets by semi-synthetic platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6408754 |
| Hopkins NK et al. | Evidence for mediation of acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine stimulation of adenosine 3',5'-(cyclic)monophosphate levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by leukotriene B4. | 1983 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:6313071 |
| Mencia-Huerta JM et al. | Antigen-initiated release of platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether) from mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells sensitized with monoclonal IgE. | 1983 | J. Immunol. | pmid:6315819 |
| Czarnetzki B | Increased monocyte chemotaxis towards leukotriene B4 and platelet activating factor in patients with inflammatory dermatoses. | 1983 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:6317241 |
| Stimler NP and O'Flaherty JT | Spasmogenic properties of platelet-activating factor: evidence for a direct mechanism in the contractile response of pulmonary tissues. | 1983 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:6624879 |
| Sano K et al. | A role of calcium-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in human platelet activation. Comparison of thrombin and collagen actions. | 1983 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:6218169 |
| Vargaftig BB et al. | Synergized activation of human platelets by epinephrine and platelet-activating factor-acether is adenosine diphosphate and thromboxane A2-independent. | 1983 | Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res. | pmid:6221558 |
| Voelkel NF et al. | Platelet-activating factor causes pulmonary vasoconstriction and edema via platelet-independent leukotriene formation. | 1983 | Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res. | pmid:6221590 |
| Kloprogge E et al. | Properties of PAF-acether-induced platelet aggregation and secretion. Studies in gel-filtered human platelets. | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6222507 |
| Hartung HP | Acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (platelet-activating factor) mediates heightened metabolic activity in macrophages. Studies on PGE, TXB2 and O2- production, spreading, and the influence of calmodulin-inhibitor W-7. | 1983 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:6309563 |
| Mueller HW et al. | 1-O-alkyl-linked phosphoglycerides of human platelets: distribution of arachidonate and other acyl residues in the ether-linked and diacyl species. | 1983 | Lipids | pmid:6419001 |
| Shukla SD et al. | Acetylglyceryl ether phosphorylcholine. A potent activator of hepatic phosphoinositide metabolism and glycogenolysis. | 1983 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:6309795 |
| Hallam TJ et al. | The role of 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (AcGEPC) and palmitoyl-lysophosphatidate in the responses of human blood platelets to collagen and thrombin. | 1983 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:6617886 |
| Roussi J et al. | [Success of treatment with a low-molecular-weight heparin fraction in a case of pulmonary embolism complicated by heparin-induced thrombopenia]. | 1983 | Nouv Rev Fr Hematol | pmid:6622253 |
| Valone FH and Goetzl EJ | Enhancement of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence by the phospholipid mediator 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (AGEPC). | 1983 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:6624880 |
| Barradas MA et al. | The effect of fenfluramine on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in vitro. | 1983 | Br J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:6626443 |
| Korth R et al. | 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholines: influence on aggregation and [3H]serotonin release of human thrombocytes. | 1983 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:6627525 |
| Moschidis MC et al. | Phosphono-platelet activating factor I. Synthesis of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-acetyl-glyceryl-3-(2-trimethyl ammonium-methyl) phosphonate and its platelet activating potency. | 1983 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:6627527 |
| Heffner JE et al. | Acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine-stimulated human platelets cause pulmonary hypertension and edema in isolated rabbit lungs. Role of thromboxane A2. | 1983 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:6822668 |
| Vargaftig BB et al. | Convulxin-induced activation of intact and of thrombin-degranulated rabbit platelets: specific crossed desensitisation with collagen. | 1983 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6628537 |
| Keraly CL et al. | Effect of structural analogues of PAF-acether on platelet desensitization. | 1983 | Br. J. Haematol. | pmid:6824590 |
| Farr RS et al. | Human serum acid-labile factor is an acylhydrolase that inactivates platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | Fed. Proc. | pmid:6628702 |
| Tence M et al. | The enantiomer and the positional isomer of platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:6824744 |
| Denjean A et al. | Acute effects of intratracheal administration of platelet-activating factor in baboons. | 1983 | J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol | pmid:6629917 |
| Camussi G et al. | Biosynthesis and release of platelet-activating factor from human monocytes. | 1983 | Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. | pmid:6826235 |
| Randolph AE et al. | Blood pressure and heart rate effects of alkyl ether phospholipids in conscious renal, spontaneously hypertensive, and normotensive rats. | 1983 | Clin Exp Hypertens A | pmid:6684006 |
| Morley J et al. | Inflammatory actions of platelet activating factor (Pafacether) in guinea-pig skin. | 1983 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6685552 |
| Hornby EJ and Perry CR | 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-3-glycerophosphorylcholine (PAF): some effects on the aggregation of human platelets by thrombin or collagen. | 1983 | Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:6636035 |
| Patterson R and Harris KE | The activity of aerosolized and intracutaneous synthetic platelet activating factor (AGEPC) in rhesus monkeys with IgE-mediated airway responses and normal monkeys. | 1983 | J. Lab. Clin. Med. | pmid:6644157 |
| Nunn B | Total and selective desensitisation of human platelets to synthetic platelet activating factor (PAF): evidence that extracellular PAF does not mediate collagen-induced aggregation. | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6648898 |
| Myers A et al. | Glucocorticoid protection against PAF-acether toxicity in mice. | 1983 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6652344 |
| Cervoni P et al. | Aortic vascular and atrial responses to (+/-)-1-O-octadecyl-2-acetyl-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine. | 1983 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6652348 |
| Ogihara T et al. | [Renomedullary hypotensive lipids and prostaglandins]. | 1983 | Horumon To Rinsho | pmid:6368051 |
| Benveniste J et al. | The actions of Paf-acether (platelet-activating factor) on guinea-pig isolated heart preparations. | 1983 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6652376 |
| Garcia Gil M and Sanchez Crespo M | Dansylcadaverine and rimantadine inhibition of phagocytosis, PAF-acether release, and phosphatidylcholine synthesis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | 1983 | Immunopharmacology | pmid:6654649 |
| Tokumura A et al. | Biphasic action of platelet-activating factor on isolated guinea-pig ileum. | 1983 | Lipids | pmid:6656539 |
| Hamasaki Y et al. | [Effects of platelet activating factor (PAF:AGEPC) on airway and pulmonary vascular constriction of guinea pigs--with special reference to the relation with TXA2]. | 1983 | Kokyu To Junkan | pmid:6658209 |
| Björk J et al. | Paf-acether (platelet-activating factor) increases microvascular permeability and affects endothelium-granulocyte interaction in microvascular beds. | 1983 | Acta Physiol. Scand. | pmid:6659994 |
| Björk J and Smedegård G | Acute microvascular effects of PAF-acether, as studied by intravital microscopy. | 1983 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6662199 |
| Holt PG et al. | Platelet serotonin release by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes stimulated by cotton dust bacteria. | 1983 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:6831770 |
| Yamashita M et al. | The metabolism of platelet activating factor in platelets and plasma of various animals. | 1983 | J Toxicol Sci | pmid:6663653 |
| McDonald TP and Kalmaz GD | Effects of thrombopoietin on the number and diameter of marrow megakaryocytes of mice. | 1983 | Exp. Hematol. | pmid:6832243 |
| Masugi F et al. | [Kidney medulla and hypertension, with special reference to antihypertensive lipids]. | 1983 | Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi | pmid:6663856 |
| Lewis JC et al. | Platelet-activating factor effects on pulmonary ultrastructure in rabbits. | 1983 | Exp. Mol. Pathol. | pmid:6832335 |
| Tanaka S et al. | Studies on the hypotensive effects of platelet activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine) in rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs. | 1983 | J. Pharmacobio-dyn. | pmid:6668545 |
| Levy JV | Calmodulin antagonists inhibit aggregation of human, guniea pig and rabbit platelets induced with platelet activating factor. | 1983 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:6832368 |
| Saeki S et al. | Hypotensive activity of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in rats with various types of hypertension. | 1983 | Med J Osaka Univ | pmid:6669136 |
| Touqui L et al. | Conversion of 3H-PAF acether by rabbit platelets is independent from aggregation: evidences for a novel metabolite. | 1983 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6838557 |
| Worthen GS et al. | Platelet-activating factor causes neutrophil accumulation and edema in rabbit lungs. | 1983 | Chest | pmid:6839840 |
| Heffner JE et al. | Platelet-induced pulmonary hypertension and edema. A mechanism involving acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine and thromboxane A2. | 1983 | Chest | pmid:6839854 |
| Vargaftig BB | Phospholipids, particularly platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether), in experimental bronchoconstriction. | 1983 | Agents Actions Suppl. | pmid:6575594 |
| Levy JV | Calmodulin antagonist W-7 inhibits aggregation of human platelets induced by platelet activating factor. | 1983 | Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. | pmid:6844347 |
| Page CP et al. | PAF-acether: a putative mediator of asthma and inflammation. | 1983 | Agents Actions Suppl. | pmid:6575595 |
| O'Flaherty JT et al. | Platelet-activating factor and analogues: comparative studies with human neutrophils and rabbit platelets. | 1983 | Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. | pmid:6844746 |
| Valone FH and Goetzl EJ | Specific binding by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes of the immunological mediator 1-O-hexadecyl/octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine. | 1983 | Immunology | pmid:6848449 |
| Chilton FH et al. | Metabolic fate of platelet-activating factor in neutrophils. | 1983 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:6853486 |
| Stormorken H et al. | A new bleeding disorder: lack of platelet aggregatory response to adrenaline and lack of secondary aggregation to ADP and platelet activating factor (PAF). | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6857589 |
| Kloprogge E et al. | Stimulus-response coupling in human platelets. Evidence against a role of PAF-acether in the "third pathway'. | 1983 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6857605 |
| Lecrubier C et al. | Study of platelet aggregation induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) after administration of ticlopidine or aspirin. | 1983 | Agents Actions | pmid:6858789 |
| Gonzalez-Crussi F and Hsueh W | Experimental model of ischemic bowel necrosis. The role of platelet-activating factor and endotoxin. | 1983 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:6859226 |
| Camussi G et al. | Acute lung inflammation induced in the rabbit by local instillation of 1-0-octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine or of native platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:6859232 |
| Sánchez-Crespo M et al. | Presence in normal human urine of a hypotensive and platelet-activating phospholipid. | 1983 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:6859262 |
| Camussi G et al. | Platelet-activating factor-mediated contraction of rabbit lung strips: pharmacologic modulation. | 1983 | Immunopharmacology | pmid:6885382 |
| O'Flaherty JT and Wykle RL | Biology and biochemistry of platelet-activating factor. | 1983 | Clin Rev Allergy | pmid:6370406 |
| Tiffany ML | Technical considerations for platelet aggregation and related problems. | 1983 | Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci | pmid:6370596 |
| Vermylen J et al. | Normal mechanisms of platelet function. | 1983 | Clin Haematol | pmid:6301715 |
| Hubbard JW et al. | Antihypertensive effects of I-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine on plasma renin activity and catecholamine responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 1983 | Life Sci. | pmid:6337313 |
| Acharya SB and MacIntyre DE | Platelet products and vascular PGI2 production. | 1983 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6338532 |
| Camussi G et al. | Effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) on immune-complex-induced neutropenia. | 1983 | Immunology | pmid:6339375 |
| Billah MM and Lapetina EG | Platelet-activating factor stimulates metabolism of phosphoinositides in horse platelets: possible relationship to Ca2+ mobilization during stimulation. | 1983 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:6341992 |
| Lapetina EG and Siegel FL | Shape change induced in human platelets by platelet-activating factor. Correlation with the formation of phosphatidic acid and phosphorylation of a 40,000-dalton protein. | 1983 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:6345519 |
| Camussi G et al. | Inhibitory effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) on neutropenia induced by intravenous injection of platelet-activating-factor (PAF) in the rabbit. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6346397 |
| Pazzi A et al. | [Platelet activation in vivo. Electron microscopy study of a case of type II diabetes]. | 1983 Mar-Apr | G Clin Med | pmid:6884636 |
| Mojarad M et al. | Platelet-activating factor increases pulmonary microvascular permeability and induces pulmonary edema. A preliminary report. | 1983 May-Jun | Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir | pmid:6882949 |
| Smith RJ et al. | Effects of an anion channel blocker, 4, 4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic acid stilbene (DIDS), on human neutrophil function. | 1984 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6329191 |
| Kulikov VI and Bergel'son LD | [Binding of 1-0-alkyl-2-0-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (thrombocyte activating factor) by plasma components. Exchange of the thrombocyte activating factor between lipoproteins and thrombocytes]. | 1984 | Biokhimiia | pmid:6093897 |
| Haye B et al. | Interactions between thyreostimulin and PAF-acether on thyroid cell metabolism. | 1984 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:6094205 |
| Gordeev KIu et al. | [A bioregulator of lipid nature--a platelet activating factor (PAF)]. | 1984 | Bioorg. Khim. | pmid:6099122 |
| Clay KL et al. | Structure elucidation of platelet activating factor derived from human neutrophils. | 1984 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6430285 |
| Nishihira J et al. | Production and characterization of specific antibodies against 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (a potent hypotensive and platelet-activating ether-linked phospholipid). | 1984 | J. Biochem. | pmid:6430883 |
| Feuerstein G et al. | Hypotension produced by platelet-activating factor is reversed by thyrotropin-releasing hormone. | 1984 | Circ. Shock | pmid:6432359 |
| Satouchi K et al. | Metabolism of 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol by washed rabbit platelets: formation of platelet activating factor. | 1984 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:6486825 |
| Nakamura N et al. | Synthesis and biological activities of bioisosteric O-carba-analogues of platelet activating factor (PAF). | 1984 | Chem. Pharm. Bull. | pmid:6488414 |
| Basran GS et al. | Platelet-activating factor: a possible mediator of the dual response to allergen? | 1984 | Clin. Allergy | pmid:6697475 |
| Denburg JA et al. | Platelet activating factor: regulation by mast cells and aspirin. | 1984 | Agents Actions | pmid:6711391 |
| El Tamer A et al. | Studies on ether phospholipids. I. A new method of determination using phospholipase A1 from guinea pig pancreas: application to Krebs II ascites cells. | 1984 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:6712966 |
| Andreesen R et al. | Tumor cytotoxicity of human macrophages after incubation with synthetic analogues of 2-lysophosphatidylcholine. | 1984 | J. Natl. Cancer Inst. | pmid:6582303 |
| Prescott SM et al. | Human endothelial cells in culture produce platelet-activating factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) when stimulated with thrombin. | 1984 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:6587368 |