Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Wynn RF et al. | Azithromycin for cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS. | 1993 | Lancet | pmid:8093526 |
Fortner JH et al. | Tapetal effect of an azalide antibiotic following oral administration in beagle dogs. | 1993 | Fundam Appl Toxicol | pmid:8405779 |
Bailey RL et al. | Randomised controlled trial of single-dose azithromycin in treatment of trachoma. | 1993 | Lancet | pmid:8102427 |
Narcio Reyes LE et al. | [Efficacy and safety of azithromycin in the treatment of female genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections]. | 1993 | Ginecol Obstet Mex | pmid:8406112 |
Donowitz GR and Earnhardt KI | Azithromycin inhibition of intracellular Legionella micdadei. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8285604 |
Nahata MC et al. | Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in pediatric patients after oral administration of multiple doses of suspension. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8383944 |
Vaara M | Outer membrane permeability barrier to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin in gram-negative enteric bacteria. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8383945 |
Brown ST et al. | Azithromycin, rifabutin, and rifapentine for treatment and prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex in rats treated with cyclosporine. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8384809 |
Cameron DJ | Effectiveness of early Lyme disease treatment. | 1993 | Am. J. Med. | pmid:8388627 |
Hammerschlag MR et al. | Single dose of azithromycin for the treatment of genital chlamydial infections in adolescents. | 1993 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8388950 |
Melski JW et al. | Primary and secondary erythema migrans in central Wisconsin. | 1993 | Arch Dermatol | pmid:8389536 |
Kobrehel G et al. | 9a,11-cyclic carbamates of 15-membered azalides. | 1993 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:8407586 |
Bonnet M and Van der Auwera P | Preincubation of Haemophilus influenzae with subinhibitory concentrations of macrolides: influence on human neutrophil chemiluminescence. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8390808 |
Gordillo ME et al. | In vitro activity of azithromycin against bacterial enteric pathogens. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8390813 |
Amacher DE et al. | Preclinical toxicology studies with azithromycin: genetic toxicology evaluation. | 1993 | Mutat. Res. | pmid:7685497 |
Blais J et al. | Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii protein synthesis by azithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8215287 |
Dever LL et al. | Comparative in vitro activities of clarithromycin, azithromycin, and erythromycin against Borrelia burgdorferi. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8215288 |
Heifets L et al. | Mycobacterium avium strains resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031351 |
Fass RJ | Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: use of frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8257127 |
Gomberg MA and MashkilleÄson AL | [Use of azithromycin in long existing urogenital chlamydia infections and its association with primary syphilis]. | 1993 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:8060178 |
Sidorenko SV | [Azithromycin--an antibiotic of the azalide group]. | 1993 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:8060181 |
Lopatkin NA et al. | [Use of azithromycin ("Sumamded") in the treatment of infectious-inflammatory diseases of the lower urinary tract and male genitalia]. | 1993 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:8060189 |
Saba J et al. | Pyrimethamine plus azithromycin for treatment of acute toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS. | 1993 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8112357 |
Meyer AP et al. | Uptake of azithromycin by human monocytes and enhanced intracellular antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8285612 |
Lalak NJ and Morris DL | Azithromycin clinical pharmacokinetics. | 1993 | Clin Pharmacokinet | pmid:8287632 |
Saverino D et al. | Plasmid loss from gram-negative bacteria exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of beta-lactam drugs and azithromycin. | 1993 | New Microbiol. | pmid:8264424 |
Pajukanta R | In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Porphyromonas gingivalis to azithromycin, a novel macrolide. | 1993 | Oral Microbiol. Immunol. | pmid:8265209 |
Gage TW | New drugs from 1991-1992. | 1993 | Tex Dent J | pmid:8273018 |
Holdcroft C | Two new macrolide antibiotics: clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1993 | Nurse Pract | pmid:8380492 |
Spangler SK and Appelbaum PC | Oxyrase, a method which avoids CO2 in the incubation atmosphere for anaerobic susceptibility testing of antibiotics affected by CO2. | 1993 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:8381817 |
Rodewald LE and Pichichero ME | Compliance with antibiotic therapy: a comparison of deuterium oxide tracer, urine bioassay, bottle weights, and parental reports. | 1993 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8391566 |
de Górgolas Hernández-Mora M et al. | [Therapeutic approaches to cryptosporidiosis. A review of the literature]. | 1993 | Rev Clin Esp | pmid:8259458 |
Vargas SL et al. | Azithromycin for treatment of severe Cryptosporidium diarrhea in two children with cancer. | 1993 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8391567 |
Berger BW | Lyme disease. | 1993 | Semin Dermatol | pmid:8312152 |
O'Connell S et al. | Chronic active toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent patient. | 1993 | J. Infect. | pmid:8308325 |
Gingras BA and Jensen JB | Antimalarial activity of azithromycin and erythromycin against Plasmodium berghei. | 1993 | Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:8394660 |
Mansoor GA et al. | Azithromycin-induced acute interstitial nephritis. | 1993 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:8395778 |
Guerra LG et al. | Rapid response of AIDS-related bacillary angiomatosis to azithromycin. | 1993 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8399879 |
Workowski KA et al. | Azithromycin in chlamydial urethritis. | 1993 | JAMA | pmid:8411548 |
Genç M et al. | An economic evaluation of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in adolescent males. | 1993 | JAMA | pmid:8411572 |
DÃaz Sánchez M et al. | [New medications: azithromycin]. | 1993 Jul-Sep | Rev Med Univ Navarra | pmid:8134755 |
Odugbemi T et al. | Single oral dose of azithromycin for therapy of susceptible sexually transmitted diseases: a multicenter open evaluation. | 1993 Jul-Sep | West Afr J Med | pmid:8312208 |
Minguez F et al. | In vitro killing kinetics and postantibiotic effect of josamycin and other macrolides on several bacteria. | 1993 May-Jun | Chemotherapy | pmid:8389685 |
Weber K et al. | Azithromycin versus penicillin V for the treatment of early Lyme borreliosis. | 1993 Nov-Dec | Infection | pmid:8132365 |
Scaglione F et al. | A new model examining intracellular and extracellular activity of amoxicillin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin in infected cells. | 1993 Nov-Dec | Chemotherapy | pmid:8222870 |
Braga PC and Piatti G | Interference by subinhibitory concentrations of azithromycin with the mechanism of bacterial adhesion to human epithelial cells. | 1993 Nov-Dec | Chemotherapy | pmid:8222872 |
Goldman MP and Longworth DL | The role of azithromycin and clarithromycin in clinical practice. | 1993 Sep-Oct | Cleve Clin J Med | pmid:8403355 |
Benson C | Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease. | 1994 | AIDS Patient Care | pmid:11362136 |
Ishida K et al. | In vitro and in vivo activities of macrolides against Mycoplasma pneumoniae. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031048 |
Tuffrey M et al. | The effect of a single oral dose of azithromycin on chlamydial infertility and oviduct ultrastructure in mice. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7730241 |
Dorrell L et al. | Intravenous azithromycin as salvage therapy in a patient with Legionnaire's disease. | 1994 | Thorax | pmid:8016806 |
Klepser ME et al. | Treatment of uncomplicated infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 1994 | Conn Med | pmid:7924316 |
Wallace MR et al. | Ototoxicity with azithromycin. | 1994 | Lancet | pmid:7904701 |
Klemens SP and Cynamon MH | Intermittent azithromycin for treatment of Mycobacterium avium infection in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7986001 |
Donowitz GR | Tissue-directed antibiotics and intracellular parasites: complex interaction of phagocytes, pathogens, and drugs. | 1994 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7893881 |
Andersen SL et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin as a causal prophylactic agent against murine malaria. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7986022 |
Beale AS and Upshon PA | Characteristics of murine model of genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and effects of therapy with tetracyclines, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, or azithromycin. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7811001 |
Cazzola M et al. | Evaluation of lung tissue and hilar lymph node concentrations of azithromycin. | 1994 | Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther | pmid:8004364 |
Hughes WT et al. | Relative potency of 10 drugs with anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity in an animal model. | 1994 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7930735 |
Rehg JE | A comparison of anticryptosporidial activity of paromomycin with that of other aminoglycosides and azithromycin in immunosuppressed rats. | 1994 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7930738 |
Spangler SK et al. | Effect of CO2 on susceptibilities of anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8192445 |
Niki Y et al. | In vitro and in vivo activities of azithromycin, a new azalide antibiotic, against chlamydia. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7840560 |
Stamler DA et al. | Azithromycin pharmacokinetics and intracellular concentrations in Legionella pneumophila-infected and uninfected guinea pigs and their alveolar macrophages. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8192446 |
Freeman CD et al. | Intracellular and extracellular penetration of azithromycin into inflammatory and noninflammatory blister fluid. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7840585 |
Jones RN et al. | Validation of NCCLS macrolide (azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin) interpretive criteria for Haemophilus influenzae tested with the Haemophilus test medium. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. | 1994 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7924221 |
Wildfeuer A et al. | Distribution of orally administered azithromycin in various blood compartments. | 1994 | Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther | pmid:7952797 |
Bottaro G et al. | [Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of azithromycin in acute respiratory infections in children]. | 1994 | Clin Ter | pmid:7955949 |
Sifrim D et al. | Comparison of the effects of midecamycin acetate and azithromycin on gastrointestinal motility in man. | 1994 | Drugs Exp Clin Res | pmid:7956719 |
Dumas JL et al. | Evaluation of the efficacy of prolonged administration of azithromycin in a murine model of chronic toxoplasmosis. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7961197 |
Wallace MR et al. | Azithromycin and typhoid. | 1994 | Lancet | pmid:7911192 |
Pacor ML et al. | [Safety of azithromycin in patients allergic to penicillin and cephalosporin]. | 1994 | Clin Ter | pmid:8001336 |
Mizukane R et al. | Comparative in vitro exoenzyme-suppressing activities of azithromycin and other macrolide antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8203850 |
Carlier MB et al. | Accumulation, release and subcellular localization of azithromycin in phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells in culture. | 1994 | Int J Tissue React | pmid:7558665 |
Wolinsky E | Mycobacterium avium strains resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031406 |
Trevisi P et al. | Toxic pustuloderma associated with azithromycin. | 1994 | Clin. Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:8033402 |
Katelaris PH et al. | Activity of metronidazole, azithromycin and three benzimidazoles on Giardia lamblia growth and attachment to a human intestinal cell line. | 1994 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8038350 |
Management of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections. | 1994 | Drug Ther Bull | pmid:7635012 | |
Steven N et al. | Corticosteroid therapy for AIDS patients with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. | 1994 | AIDS | pmid:8011231 |
[Newly approved specialty drugs in Austria and new knowledge about currently available specialty drugs. Zithromax capsules, dried syrup]. | 1994 | Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. | pmid:7975673 | |
Cynamon MH et al. | Comparative activities of azithromycin and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium infection in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7979270 |
Klemens SP and Cynamon MH | Activities of azithromycin and clarithromycin against nontuberculous mycobacteria in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7979271 |
Schwab JC et al. | Localization of azithromycin in Toxoplasma gondii-infected cells. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7979295 |
[Azithromycin--an innovative macrolide antibiotic for 3-day-therapy]. | 1994 | Immun. Infekt. | pmid:7982710 | |
Bush MR and Rosa C | Azithromycin and erythromycin in the treatment of cervical chlamydial infection during pregnancy. | 1994 | Obstet Gynecol | pmid:8008325 |
Rodriguez WJ and Wiedermann BL | The role of newer oral cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides in the treatment of pediatric infections. | 1994 | Adv Pediatr Infect Dis | pmid:8123221 |
Eisenberg E and Barza M | Azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1994 | Curr Clin Top Infect Dis | pmid:8086122 |
Kanatani MS and Guglielmo BJ | The new macrolides. Azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1994 | West. J. Med. | pmid:8128699 |
Bermudez LE et al. | Rifabutin and sparfloxacin but not azithromycin inhibit binding of Mycobacterium avium complex to HT-29 intestinal mucosal cells. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8067766 |
Uzun O et al. | Efficacy of a three-day course of azithromycin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia. Preliminary report. | 1994 | J Chemother | pmid:8071680 |
Marchi M et al. | [Azithromycin-omeprazole. Treatment for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori]. | 1994 | Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol | pmid:8204705 |
Benson CA | Treatment of disseminated disease due to the Mycobacterium avium complex in patients with AIDS. | 1994 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8204776 |
Parent M | [Initial empiric treatment of pneumonia and the new antibiotics]. | 1994 | Union Med Can | pmid:8109061 |
Bosatra A et al. | [Effectiveness of and tolerance to azithromycin versus roxithromycin in the treatment of patients with acute infections of the upper respiratory tract]. | 1994 | Clin Ter | pmid:8168348 |
Kuschner RA et al. | Azithromycin prophylaxis against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. | 1994 | Lancet | pmid:7910886 |
Rakita RM et al. | Intracellular activity of azithromycin against bacterial enteric pathogens. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7810998 |
Bermudez LE et al. | Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the effects of antibiotics against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in the beige mouse model. | 1994 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8158029 |
Rehg J | New potential therapies for cryptosporidiosis: an analysis of variables affecting drug efficacy. | 1994 | Folia Parasitol. | pmid:8050751 |
Godofsky EW | Treatment of presumed cerebral toxoplasmosis with azithromycin. | 1994 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:8302335 |
Kelsey JJ et al. | Presence of azithromycin breast milk concentrations: a case report. | 1994 | Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. | pmid:8178871 |
Rapp RP et al. | New macrolide antibiotics: usefulness in infections caused by mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 1994 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:7849341 |