Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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See S | Is azithromycin monotherapy as efficacious as cefuroxime plus erythromycin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients? | 2000 | J Fam Pract | pmid:11052155 |
Renz CL and Ashraf T | Comment: cost-effectiveness of macrolides in lower respiratory tract infections. | 2000 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:11054992 |
Boccazzi A et al. | Short course therapy with cefitbuten versus azithromycin in pediatric streptococcal pharyngitis. | 2000 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:11055597 |
Bayoumi AM and Redelmeier DA | Decision analysis with cumulative prospect theory. | 2000 Oct-Dec | Med Decis Making | pmid:11059473 |
Sader H and Del'Alamo L | Etest compared to broth microdilution: discrepant results when testing macrolides against Streptococcus pneumoniae indicate a need for better clinical and serum level/MIC correlation. | 2000 | Braz J Infect Dis | pmid:11063559 |
Frenck RW et al. | Azithromycin versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children. | 2000 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11073741 |
Dunne M et al. | A randomized, double-blind trial comparing azithromycin and clarithromycin in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. | 2000 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11073759 |
Krause PJ et al. | Atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of babesiosis. | 2000 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:11078770 |
Macaigne G et al. | [Acute pseudoangiocholitic hepatitis probably induced by azithromycin]. | 2000 | Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. | pmid:11084438 |
Alvarez MP et al. | [Pharmacovigilance study of azithromycin tablets (500 mg) in the treatment of adult patients with respiratory tract infections]. | 2000 | Rev Esp Quimioter | pmid:11086281 |
Gandhi R et al. | Validated LC method for in-vitro analysis of azithromycin using electrochemical detection. | 2000 | J Pharm Biomed Anal | pmid:11095310 |
Bowman RJ et al. | Operational comparison of single-dose azithromycin and topical tetracycline for trachoma. | 2000 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:11095598 |
Nagai K et al. | In vitro development of resistance to ceftriaxone, cefprozil and azithromycin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2000 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11102409 |
Waterer GW et al. | Fatal pneumococcal pneumonia attributed to macrolide resistance and azithromycin monotherapy. | 2000 | Chest | pmid:11115489 |
Esposito S and Ascione T | Short-course treatment for acute tonsillopharyngitis. | 2000 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:11118866 |
Rothstein NM et al. | Effect of azithromycin on murine arteriosclerosis exacerbated by Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 2001 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11120929 |
Bermudez LE et al. | Activity of moxifloxacin by itself and in combination with ethambutol, rifabutin, and azithromycin in vitro and in vivo against Mycobacterium avium. | 2001 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:11120969 |
Calabrese C et al. | Pantoprazole, azithromycin and tinidazole: short duration triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. | 2000 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:11121909 |
DeAbate CA et al. | The safety and efficacy of short course (5-day) moxifloxacin vs. azithromycin in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. | 2000 | Respir Med | pmid:11127487 |
Fuchs PC et al. | Influence of variations in test methods on susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and telithromycin. | 2001 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:11136745 |
Fonck K et al. | A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of monthly azithromycin prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections and HIV-1 in Kenyan sex workers: study design and baseline findings. | 2000 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:11138916 |
Schilling F and Wagner AD | [Azithromycin: an anti-inflammatory effect in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis? A preliminary report]. | 2000 | Z Rheumatol | pmid:11142932 |
Powers JL et al. | Comparison of the palatability of the oral suspension of cefdinir vs. amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium, cefprozil and azithromycin in pediatric patients. | 2000 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:11144401 |
Vallejo C et al. | Resolution of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia resistant to azithromycin by switching to tacrolimus. | 2001 | Haematologica | pmid:11146586 |
Amsden GW and Gray CL | Serum and WBC pharmacokinetics of 1500 mg of azithromycin when given either as a single dose or over a 3 day period in healthy volunteers. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11152432 |
Giacometti A et al. | Activity of buforin II alone and in combination with azithromycin and minocycline against Cryptosporidium parvum in cell culture. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11152438 |
Skerk V et al. | Duration of clinical symptoms in female patients with acute urethral syndrome caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum treated with azithromycin or doxycycline. | 2000 | J Chemother | pmid:11154040 |
Gieffers J et al. | Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in circulating human monocytes is refractory to antibiotic treatment. | 2001 | Circulation | pmid:11157684 |
Putnam SD et al. | Pharyngeal colonization prevalence rates for Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae in a respiratory chemoprophylaxis intervention study using azithromycin. | 2000 | Clin. Microbiol. Infect. | pmid:11168029 |
Simsir A et al. | Rhodococcus equi and cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a renal transplant patient: diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. | 2001 | Diagn. Cytopathol. | pmid:11169894 |
Solera J et al. | Azithromycin and gentamicin therapy for the treatment of humans with brucellosis. | 2001 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11170962 |
Gerber MA and Tanz RR | New approaches to the treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. | 2001 | Curr. Opin. Pediatr. | pmid:11176244 |
Conrad DA | Treatment of cat-scratch disease. | 2001 | Curr. Opin. Pediatr. | pmid:11176245 |
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Hawaii, 1999, and decreased susceptibility to azithromycin in N. gonorrhoeae, Missouri, 1999. | 2000 | JAMA | pmid:11183745 | |
West S | The red eye. | 2000 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:11184764 |
McNabb J et al. | Comparison of azithromycin leukocyte disposition in healthy volunteers and volunteers with AIDS. | 2000 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:11185411 |
Amsden GW et al. | A study of the pharmacokinetics of azithromycin and nelfinavir when coadministered in healthy volunteers. | 2000 | J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:11185676 |
Mamikoglu B and Mamikoglu O | Irreversible sensorineural hearing loss as a result of azithromycin ototoxicity. A case report. | 2001 | Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. | pmid:11201801 |
Khera M | Azithromycin. | 2000 | Conn Med | pmid:11210327 |
Amsden G et al. | Lack of an effect of azithromycin on the disposition of zidovudine and dideoxyinosine in HIV-infected patients. | 2001 | J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:11210404 |
Bogdanov MB and Chernen'kaia TV | [Microbiological evaluation of antibiotics for empirical therapy of community-acquired infections of the lower respiratory tract]. | 2000 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:11212394 |
Budanov SV | [Azithromycin (sumamed)--basic properties and therapy of community-acquired pneumonia]. | 2000 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:11212397 |
Solomon AW et al. | Pilot study of the use of community volunteers to distribute azithromycin for trachoma control in Ghana. | 2001 | Bull. World Health Organ. | pmid:11217675 |
Bregani ER et al. | Azithromycin in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes. Preliminary observation. | 2000 | Panminerva Med | pmid:11218625 |
Mizen L | The activity of antibiotics against Legionella pneumophila: in vitro and in vivo studies. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11222573 |
Weiss LM et al. | The treatment of babesiosis. | 2001 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:11236789 |
Ranque S | The treatment of babesiosis. | 2001 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:11236790 |
Dagan R et al. | Antibiotic treatment in acute Otitis Media promotes superinfection with resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae carried before initiation of treatment. | 2001 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11237804 |
Hyde TB et al. | Azithromycin prophylaxis during a hospital outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. | 2001 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11237807 |
Cascaval RI and Lancaster DJ | Hypersensitivity syndrome associated with azithromycin. | 2001 | Am. J. Med. | pmid:11247598 |
Duran JM and Amsden GW | Azithromycin: indications for the future? | 2000 | Expert Opin Pharmacother | pmid:11249533 |
Amábile-Cuevas CF et al. | Comparative in vitro activity of moxifloxacin by E-test against Streptococcus pyogenes. | 2001 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11249826 |
De Diego JI et al. | Comparison of amoxicillin and azithromycin in the prevention of recurrent acute otitis media. | 2001 | Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. | pmid:11249979 |
Sahm DF et al. | Need for annual surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States: 2-year longitudinal analysis. | 2001 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:11257013 |
Baumann U et al. | Buccal adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis under long-term therapy with azithromycin. | 2001 Jan-Feb | Infection | pmid:11261763 |
Lietman T and Fry A | Can we eliminate trachoma? | 2001 | Br J Ophthalmol | pmid:11264123 |
Grand A et al. | [Subacute infectious endocarditis due to the agent of cat scratch fever: Bartonella henselae]. | 2001 | Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss | pmid:11265556 |
Graybill JR and Bocanegra R | Treatment alternatives for Mycobacterium kansasii. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11266413 |
Ferwerda A et al. | Efficacy, safety and tolerability of 3 day azithromycin versus 10 day co-amoxiclav in the treatment of children with acute lower respiratory tract infections. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11266417 |
Butler T et al. | In vitro effects of azithromycin on Salmonella typhi: early inhibition by concentrations less than the MIC and reduction of MIC by alkaline pH and small inocula. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11266420 |
Bharat V and Mohanty B | Bleeding complication during coumarin therapy due to amiodarone and azithromycin. | 2000 | J Assoc Physicians India | pmid:11273517 |
Gulati R et al. | Comparative bioavailability of two formulations of azithromycin. | 2000 | J Assoc Physicians India | pmid:11273540 |
Parsad D et al. | Azithromycin monthly pulse vs daily doxycycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. | 2001 | J. Dermatol. | pmid:11280457 |
Waring AL et al. | Development of a genomics-based PCR assay for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in a large outbreak in New York State. | 2001 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:11283060 |
Holm SO et al. | Comparison of two azithromycin distribution strategies for controlling trachoma in Nepal. | 2001 | Bull. World Health Organ. | pmid:11285662 |
Frick KD et al. | Cost-effectiveness of trachoma control measures: comparing targeted household treatment and mass treatment of children. | 2001 | Bull. World Health Organ. | pmid:11285663 |
Bailey R and Lietman T | The SAFE strategy for the elimination of trachoma by 2020: will it work? | 2001 | Bull. World Health Organ. | pmid:11285668 |
Sorvillo F et al. | Incidence and determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection among persons with HIV: association with hospital exposure. | 2001 | Am J Infect Control | pmid:11287873 |
Treadway G | Azithromycin: a new 15-membered macrolide. | 2001 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:11296412 |
Hafner R et al. | Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and azithromycin. | 2001 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:11302832 |
Powell FC | What's going on in rosacea? | 2000 | J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol | pmid:11305376 |
Elewski BE | A novel treatment for acne vulgaris and rosacea. | 2000 | J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol | pmid:11305392 |
Lechner A and Bruckner DA | Oligella ureolytica in blood culture: contaminant or infection? | 2001 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11305472 |
Jacobson JM et al. | Dose-escalation, phase I/II study of azithromycin and pyrimethamine for the treatment of toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS. | 2001 | AIDS | pmid:11316995 |
Kays MB and Denys GA | In vitro activity and pharmacodynamics of azithromycin and clarithromycin against Streptococcus pneumoniae based on serum and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics. | 2001 | Clin Ther | pmid:11318076 |
Gupta S et al. | Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of desloratadine and fexofenadine when coadministered with azithromycin: a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. | 2001 | Clin Ther | pmid:11318079 |
Zarantonelli L et al. | Decreased susceptibility to azithromycin and erythromycin mediated by a novel mtr(R) promoter mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 2001 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11328778 |
Skerk V et al. | Duration of clinical symptoms in female patients with acute urethral syndrome caused by Chlamydia trachomatis treated with azithromycin or doxycycline. | 2001 | J Chemother | pmid:11330365 |
RodrÃguez Núñez A et al. | [Chemoprophylaxis of meningococcal disease with azithromycin and ciprofloxacin]. | 2001 | An. Esp. Pediatr. | pmid:11333489 |
Samra Z et al. | In vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis to macrolides and tetracyclines. | 2001 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11337185 |
Stein GE and Schooley S | Comparative serum bactericidal activity of clarithromycin and azithromycin against macrolide-sensitive and resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2001 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11337186 |
Griffith DE et al. | Azithromycin-containing regimens for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. | 2001 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11340525 |
Tan JS et al. | Persistently positive culture results in a patient with community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila. | 2001 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11340527 |
Westfall DS et al. | Inoculation of two genotypes of Hemobartonella felis (California and Ohio variants) to induce infection in cats and the response to treatment with azithromycin. | 2001 | Am. J. Vet. Res. | pmid:11341386 |
Bowden FJ et al. | Azithromycin and pelvic inflammatory disease in the Northern Territory. | 2001 | Med. J. Aust. | pmid:11346115 |
Akritopoulou-Zanze I and Sowin TJ | Solid-phase synthesis of macrolide analogues. | 2001 May-Jun | J Comb Chem | pmid:11350254 |
Littler WA | Clindamycin suspension and endocarditis prophylaxis. | 2001 | Br Dent J | pmid:11352383 |
Tateda K et al. | Azithromycin inhibits quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | 2001 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:11353657 |
Dinos GP et al. | Insights into the mechanism of azithromycin interaction with an Escherichia coli functional ribosomal complex. | 2001 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:11353804 |
St Clair EW et al. | The effects of intravenous doxycycline therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 2001 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:11357896 |
Kaplan EL et al. | Macrolide therapy of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 10 days of macrolide therapy (clarithromycin) is more effective in streptococcal eradication than 5 days (azithromycin). | 2001 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:11360224 |
Fang X et al. | [Inhibitory activity of azithromycin on biofilm synthesis and synergism between azithromycin and fleroxacin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilms]. | 1998 | Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi | pmid:11360505 |
Clearance to market azithromycin as prevention for a common OI in advanced AIDS. | 1996 | AIDS Patient Care STDS | pmid:11361535 | |
Prophylactic antibiotic receives speedy FDA approval to reduce MAC disease in advanced HIV. | 1996 | AIDS Patient Care STDS | pmid:11361569 | |
Azithromycin and OIs. | 1996 | AIDS Patient Care STDS | pmid:11361699 | |
Benson C | Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease. | 1994 | AIDS Patient Care | pmid:11362136 |
What's in the water? | 1995 Mar-Apr | Treat Rev | pmid:11362299 | |
Rifabutin for MAC questioned. | 1995 Jul-Aug | Posit Aware | pmid:11362571 | |
Cheng B | Advances in prevention and treatment of MAC. | 1995 | PI Perspect | pmid:11363104 |
Prescott LM | Macrolides, azalides, and streptogrammins. | 1996 | J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care | pmid:11363516 |