Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Di Mario F et al. | Azithromycin for the cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1996 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:8607490 |
Luft BJ et al. | Azithromycin compared with amoxicillin in the treatment of erythema migrans. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. | 1996 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:8610947 |
Tabbara KF et al. | Single-dose azithromycin in the treatment of trachoma. A randomized, controlled study. | 1996 | Ophthalmology | pmid:8637698 |
Tribble D et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin for typhoid fever. | 1995 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8645805 |
Ridgway GL | Azithromycin in sexually transmitted diseases. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652719 |
Mashkilleyson AL et al. | Treatment of syphilis with azithromycin. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652720 |
Young LS | Azithromycin in the management of opportunistic infections. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652721 |
Chang HR | The potential role of azithromycin in the treatment of prophylaxis of toxoplasmosis. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652722 |
Waugh MA | Azithromycin in gonorrhoea. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652723 |
Young LS | Treatment and prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652724 |
Hoepelman IM | Human cryptosporidiosis. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652725 |
McCutchan JA | Azithromycin in the prophylaxis of opportunistic infections in AIDS. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652726 |
Ridgway GL | Azithromycin in the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652727 |
Ballard RC et al. | Treatment of chancroid with azithromycin. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8652728 |
Bowden FJ et al. | Pilot study of azithromycin in the treatment of genital donovanosis. | 1996 | Genitourin Med | pmid:8655160 |
Höffler D et al. | Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in normal and impaired renal function. | 1995 Nov-Dec | Infection | pmid:8655206 |
Havlir DV et al. | Prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex with weekly azithromycin, daily rifabutin, or both. California Collaborative Treatment Group. | 1996 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:8676932 |
Tursi A et al. | The use of azithromycin in short-term low-dose triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1996 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:8677967 |
Thorpe EM et al. | Chlamydial cervicitis and urethritis: single dose treatment compared with doxycycline for seven days in community based practises. | 1996 | Genitourin Med | pmid:8698374 |
Caselli M et al. | A comparative trial of short term therapy with omeprazole plus either amoxycillin or azithromycin for Helicobacter pylori eradication. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8722557 |
Falagas ME and Klempner MS | Babesiosis in patients with AIDS: a chronic infection presenting as fever of unknown origin. | 1996 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8722936 |
Murphy GS et al. | Ciprofloxacin- and azithromycin-resistant Campylobacter causing traveler's diarrhea in U.S. troops deployed to Thailand in 1994. | 1996 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8722958 |
Scorneaux B et al. | Effect of recombinant human gamma interferon on intracellular activities of antibiotics against Listeria monocytogenes in the human macrophage cell line THP-1. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8723471 |
Wilton LV et al. | A comparison of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, azithromycin and cefixime examined by observational cohort studies. | 1996 | Br J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:8730972 |
Kohl PK et al. | Gonorrhoea: single-dose oral treatment. | 1996 | Curr. Probl. Dermatol. | pmid:8743257 |
Nickel P and Näher H | Nongonococcal urethritis. | 1996 | Curr. Probl. Dermatol. | pmid:8743259 |
Johnson RB | Azithromycin. | 1996 | Curr. Probl. Dermatol. | pmid:8743269 |
Sternon J et al. | Azithromycin compared with clarithromycin in the treatment of adult patients with acute purulent tracheobronchitis: a cost of illness study. | 1995 Nov-Dec | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:8746608 |
Dupont C et al. | Microbiological findings about pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in two AIDS patients. | 1996 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:8748314 |
Fontán PA et al. | Haemophilus influenzae type b exoproducts induce chemotaxis and macrolide antibiotic release by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | 1996 Jan-Feb | Chemotherapy | pmid:8751269 |
Shanks GD et al. | Azithromycin prophylaxis prevents epidemic dysentery. | 1996 May-Jun | Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:8758091 |
ZaÄtseva EA et al. | [Comparative study of the antimicrobial activity of pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and azithromycin with respect to Strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis]. | 1996 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:8762820 |
Hicks P et al. | Azithromycin therapy for Cryptosporidium parvum infection in four children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1996 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8765631 |
Boran M et al. | Improvement in cyclosporine A associated gingival hyperplasia with azithromycin therapy. | 1996 | Transplant. Proc. | pmid:8769234 |
Wittner M et al. | Atovaquone in the treatment of Babesia microti infections in hamsters. | 1996 | Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:8780464 |
Apseloff G et al. | Severe neutropenia caused by recommended prophylactic doses of rifabutin. | 1996 | Lancet | pmid:8782773 |
Wildfeuer A et al. | Uptake of azithromycin by various cells and its intracellular activity under in vivo conditions. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8787883 |
Welsh L et al. | In vitro activities of azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline against 13 strains of Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8787907 |
Mehaffey PC et al. | Evaluation of in vitro spectra of activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin tested against strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by reference agar dilution, disk diffusion, and Etest methods. | 1996 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:8789046 |
Carlin EM and Barton SE | Azithromycin as the first-line treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU): a study of follow-up rates, contact attendance and patients' treatment preference. | 1996 May-Jun | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8799780 |
Conte JE et al. | Single-dose intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of azithromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and cefuroxime in volunteer subjects. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8807050 |
Nash KA and Inderlied CB | Rapid detection of mutations associated with macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8807078 |
Cellesi C et al. | Susceptibility of macrolide and beta-lactam antibiotics of Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated over a four-year period in central Italy. | 1996 | J Chemother | pmid:8808714 |
Adam D et al. | Re: A. Bauernfeind et al.: Comparative pharmacodynamics of clarithromycin and azithromycin against respiratory pathogens (Infection 23 [1995] 316-321) | 1996 May-Jun | Infection | pmid:8811372 |
Lode H et al. | Azithromycin--review of key chemical, pharmacokinetic and microbiological features. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818841 |
Girard AE et al. | Correlation of increased azithromycin concentrations with phagocyte infiltration into sites of localized infection. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818842 |
Girard D et al. | Influence of immunosuppression on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of azithromycin in infected mouse tissues. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818843 |
Foulds G et al. | The absence of an effect of food on the bioavailability of azithromycin administered as tablets, sachet or suspension. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818844 |
Vaudaux BP et al. | Concentrations of azithromycin in tonsilar and/or adenoid tissue from paediatric patients. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818845 |
Pukander J and Rautianen M | Penetration of azithromycin into middle ear effusions in acute and secretory otitis media in children. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818846 |
Rodriguez AF | An open study to compare azithromycin with cefaclor in the treatment of children with acute otitis media. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818847 |
O'Doherty B | An open comparative study of azithromycin versus cefaclor in the treatment of patients with upper respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818848 |
Müller O | An open comparative study of azithromycin and roxithromycin in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818849 |
Gris P | Once-daily, 3-day azithromycin versus a three-times-daily, 10-day course of co-amoxiclav in the treatment of adults with lower respiratory tract infections: results of a randomized, double-blind comparative study. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818850 |
Zachariah J | A randomized, comparative study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a 3-day course of azithromycin versus a 10-day course of co-amoxiclav as treatment of adult patients with lower respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818851 |
Laurent K | Efficacy, safety and tolerability of azithromycin versus roxithromycin in the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818852 |
Montero L | A comparative study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of azithromycin and cefaclor in the treatment of children with acute skin and/or soft tissue infections. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818853 |
Nahata M | Drug interactions with azithromycin and the macrolides: an overview. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818854 |
Treadway G and Pontani D | Paediatric safety of azithromycin: worldwide experience. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818855 |
Carbon C et al. | Economic analysis of antibiotic regimens used in the treatment pharyngitis: a prospective comparison of azithromycin versus roxithromycin. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8818856 |
Silvestri M et al. | Azithromycin induces in vitro a time-dependent increase in the intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes without damaging phagocytes. | 1995 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8821593 |
Patton DL et al. | The activity of azithromycin on the infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis in human amniotic cells. | 1995 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8821594 |
Lane G | Increased hypoprothrombinemic effect of warfarin possibly induced by azithromycin. | 1996 Jul-Aug | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:8826581 |
Gerbaux C et al. | Hyperactivity of cathepsin B and other lysosomal enzymes in fibroblasts exposed to azithromycin, a dicationic macrolide antibiotic with exceptional tissue accumulation. | 1996 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:8830663 |
Domingo S and Gamazo C | Inadequate azithromycin activity against Brucella melitensis in mice with acute or chronic infections. | 1996 | J Chemother | pmid:8835110 |
Ehret JM et al. | A clinical isolate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with in vitro resistance to erythromycin and decreased susceptibility to azithromycin. | 1996 Jul-Aug | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:8836018 |
Gnarpe J et al. | In vitro activities of azithromycin and doxycycline against 15 isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8843291 |
Ednie LM et al. | Comparative activities of clarithromycin, erythromycin, and azithromycin against penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant pneumococci. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8843313 |
Bessette RE and Amsden GW | Treatment of non-HIV cryptosporidial diarrhea with azithromycin. | 1995 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:8845560 |
Lo KK et al. | An open non-comparative pilot study with azithromycin in the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis in the sexually transmitted disease clinics in Hong Kong. | 1995 | Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. | pmid:8849186 |
Pacifico L et al. | Comparative efficacy and safety of 3-day azithromycin and 10-day penicillin V treatment of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis in children. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8849215 |
Wondrack L et al. | Clinical strain of Staphylococcus aureus inactivates and causes efflux of macrolides. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8849266 |
Amsden GW | Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: are the differences real? | 1996 Jan-Feb | Clin Ther | pmid:8851453 |
Jaruratanasirikul S et al. | Distribution of azithromycin into brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and aqueous humor of the eye. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8851625 |
Preac Mursic V et al. | Kill kinetics of Borrelia burgdorferi and bacterial findings in relation to the treatment of Lyme borreliosis. | 1996 Jan-Feb | Infection | pmid:8852456 |
Baradaran-Dilmaghani R and Stanek G | In vitro susceptibility of thirty Borrelia strains from various sources against eight antimicrobial chemotherapeutics. | 1996 Jan-Feb | Infection | pmid:8852472 |
Strle F et al. | Azithromycin and doxycycline for treatment of Borrelia culture-positive erythema migrans. | 1996 Jan-Feb | Infection | pmid:8852473 |
Gómez E et al. | Interaction between azithromycin and cyclosporin? | 1996 | Nephron | pmid:8856287 |
Burke SM | Azithromycin: only once a day. | 1996 May-Jun | MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs | pmid:8857402 |
Delmée M et al. | In vitro susceptibilities of 180 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin, amoxycillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, clarithromycin, and azithromycin. | 1996 | Acta Clin Belg | pmid:8858889 |
Xu G et al. | Effect of macrolide antibiotics on macrophage functions. | 1996 | Microbiol. Immunol. | pmid:8865152 |
Vranes J et al. | Influence of subinhibitory concentrations of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin on the morphology and adherence of P-fimbriated escherichia coli. | 1996 | J Chemother | pmid:8873829 |
Laing RB et al. | Clinical features, outcome and survival from cerebral toxoplasmosis in Edinburgh AIDS patients. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8876356 |
Schaad UB and Heynen G | Evaluation of the efficacy, safety and toleration of azithromycin vs. penicillin V in the treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children: results of a multicenter, open comparative study. The Swiss Tonsillopharyngitis Study Group. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878223 |
McLinn S and Williams D | Incidence of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus influenzae in clinical isolates from patients with otitis media. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878239 |
McCarty J | A multicenter, open label trial of azithromycin for the treatment of children with acute otitis media. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878240 |
Aronovitz G | A multicenter, open label trial of azithromycin vs. amoxicillin/ clavulanate for the management of acute otitis media in children. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878241 |
McLinn S | A multicenter, double blind comparison of azithromycin and amoxicillin/ clavulanate for the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878242 |
Khurana CM | A multicenter, randomized, open label comparison of azithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate in acute otitis media among children attending day care or school. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878243 |
Powers JL | Properties of azithromycin that enhance the potential for compliance in children with upper respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8878244 |
Wenisch C et al. | Effect of single oral dose of azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function assessed ex vivo by flow cytometry. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8878577 |
Yeates RA et al. | Interaction between midazolam and clarithromycin: comparison with azithromycin. | 1996 | Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther | pmid:8880291 |
Dunn CJ and Barradell LB | Azithromycin. A review of its pharmacological properties and use as 3-day therapy in respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | Drugs | pmid:8882383 |
Watt B et al. | Comparative activity of azithromycin against clinical isolates of mycobacteria. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8889727 |
Tateda K et al. | Direct evidence for antipseudomonal activity of macrolides: exposure-dependent bactericidal activity and inhibition of protein synthesis by erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8891128 |
Patel KB et al. | Comparison of bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8891147 |
Hunt Gerardo S et al. | Comparison of Etest to broth microdilution method for testing Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptibility to levofloxacin and three macrolides. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8891154 |
Wintermeyer SM et al. | Dirithromycin: a new macrolide. | 1996 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:8893122 |
Biebuyck XA | Comparison of azithromycin and co-amoxiclav in the treatment of acute tracheobronchitis and acute infectious exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in adults. Azithromycin Study Group. | 1996 Sep-Oct | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:8895044 |
Three new studies expand understanding of MAC therapy. | 1996 | Am J Health Syst Pharm | pmid:8899122 |