Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Mesa FL et al. | Antibiotic treatment of incipient drug-induced gingival overgrowth in adult renal transplant patients. | 2003 | J. Periodont. Res. | pmid:12608908 |
[Uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia. Under control in 3 treatment days]. | 2003 | MMW Fortschr Med | pmid:12619240 | |
Arreaza L et al. | Emergence of gonococcal strains with resistance to azithromycin in Spain. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12493814 |
Schriever C et al. | Red wine, resveratrol, Chlamydia pneumoniae and the French connection. | 2003 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:14644410 |
Schillinger JA et al. | Patient-delivered partner treatment with azithromycin to prevent repeated Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women: a randomized, controlled trial. | 2003 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:12514443 |
Jennings MB et al. | Comparison of azithromycin and cefadroxil for the treatment of uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. | 2003 | Cutis | pmid:14533837 |
Callaghan R and Allen M | Mycobacterium malmoense infection of the knee. | 2003 | Ann. Rheum. Dis. | pmid:14583565 |
Niederman MS | [Conservative use of antibiotics is important, but: "Resistance hysteria is exaggerated"]. | 2003 | MMW Fortschr Med | pmid:14584217 |
Cotter CJ and Bierne JC | Azithromycin for odontogenic infection. | 2003 | J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. | pmid:14586869 |
Al-Belasy FA and Hairam AR | The efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of acute infraorbital space infection. | 2003 | J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. | pmid:12618970 |
Rush C and Simon MW | The effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime and azithromycin on normal throat flora in children with group A streptococcal pharyngitis. | 2003 | Clin Pediatr (Phila) | pmid:12862350 |
Lildholdt T et al. | The natural history of recurrent acute tonsillitis and a clinical trial of azithromycin for antibiotic prophylaxis. | 2003 | Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci | pmid:12871256 |
Gologan R et al. | Multiple myeloma in remission complicated by bone marrow granulomas. | 2003 | Rom J Intern Med | pmid:15526516 |
Kogan R et al. | Comparative randomized trial of azithromycin versus erythromycin and amoxicillin for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children. | 2003 | Pediatr. Pulmonol. | pmid:12526069 |
Crum NF et al. | Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees. | 2003 | Am J Prev Med | pmid:12880877 |
Gribajcević M et al. | [Clinical effectiveness of omeprazole, azithromycin and amoxicillin in ulcer healing and eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection]. | 2003 | Med Arh | pmid:15137249 |
Bhattacharya MK et al. | Azithromycin in the treatment of cholera in children. | 2003 | Acta Paediatr. | pmid:12856976 |
Saiman L et al. | Azithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a randomized controlled trial. | 2003 | JAMA | pmid:14519709 |
Danesi R et al. | Comparative distribution of azithromycin in lung tissue of patients given oral daily doses of 500 and 1000 mg. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12654753 |
Zhanel GG et al. | Pharmacodynamic activity of azithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable free serum, epithelial lining fluid and middle ear fluid concentrations. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12775677 |
Blandford JM and Gift TL | The cost-effectiveness of single-dose azithromycin for treatment of incubating syphilis. | 2003 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:12782951 |
Abdelghaffar H et al. | Interaction of macrolides and ketolides with the phagocytic cell line PLB-985. | 2003 | J Chemother | pmid:12962363 |
Miguel L and Barbas C | LC determination of impurities in azithromycin tablets. | 2003 | J Pharm Biomed Anal | pmid:12972086 |
Sirinavin S et al. | Norfloxacin and azithromycin for treatment of nontyphoidal salmonella carriers. | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12942401 |
Matsuzaki K et al. | [Susceptibility of major pathogens of acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis to levofloxacin and other oral antimicrobial drugs]. | 2003 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12942788 |
DeÄŸerli K et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin in a murine toxoplasmosis model, employing a Toxoplasma gondii strain from Turkey. | 2003 | Acta Trop. | pmid:12943976 |
Rocha JL | Correct dose of azithromycin for patients scheduled to undergo dental procedures. | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12955653 |
Castaldo RS et al. | A comparison of 5-day courses of dirithromycin and azithromycin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | 2003 | Clin Ther | pmid:12749513 |
Skerk V et al. | Comparative analysis of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. | 2003 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:12727080 |
Trad O et al. | Eradication of Cryptosporidium in four children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | 2003 | J. Trop. Pediatr. | pmid:12729299 |
Zhou WQ et al. | [Clinic efficacy of treating chronic prostatitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae with azithromycin aspartic-acid injection]. | 2003 | Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue | pmid:12680331 |
Sicklinger M et al. | In vitro susceptibility testing of four antibiotics against Borrelia burgdorferi: a comparison of results for the three genospecies Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. | 2003 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:12682190 |
Karlowsky JA et al. | Factors associated with relative rates of antimicrobial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States: results from the TRUST Surveillance Program (1998-2002). | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12684907 |
Hamdan II | Comparative in vitro investigations of the interaction between some macrolides and Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II). | 2003 | Pharmazie | pmid:12685822 |
Llor Vilà C | [I'd rather give azithromycin for three days. That way the patient complies]. | 2003 | Aten Primaria | pmid:12735886 |
Gaynor BD et al. | Eliminating trachoma in areas with limited disease. | 2003 | Emerging Infect. Dis. | pmid:12737745 |
Ioannidis J and Wilkinson D | HIV: prevention of opportunistic infections. | 2003 | Clin Evid | pmid:15555123 |
Woods GL et al. | Multisite reproducibility of results obtained by two broth dilution methods for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium avium complex. | 2003 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:12574258 |
Aznabaev MT et al. | [Use of cycloferon in a combined treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis]. | 2003 Jan-Feb | Vestn Oftalmol | pmid:12608044 |
Scheinfeld NS et al. | Macrolides in dermatology. | 2003 Jan-Feb | Clin. Dermatol. | pmid:12609587 |
Bevan CD et al. | Efficacy and safety of azithromycin as monotherapy or combined with metronidazole compared with two standard multidrug regimens for the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. | 2003 Jan-Feb | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:12635534 |
Prata A et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 2003 Jan-Feb | Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. | pmid:12715065 |
Knuf M et al. | [Lymphadenitis colli due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM): a case-series and review of the literature]. | 2003 Jan-Feb | Klin Padiatr | pmid:12545419 |
Bernstein JM | The farmer and the tractor. | 2003 Mar-Apr | Skinmed | pmid:14673307 |
Aktan B et al. | Effect of macrolide antibiotics on nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidase activities, and malondialdehyde level in erythrocyte of the guinea pigs with experimental otitis media with effusion. | 2003 Nov-Dec | Pol J Pharmacol | pmid:14730107 |
Khandekarf R and Mohammed AJ | Outcome of azithromycin treatment of active trachoma in Omani school children. | 2003 Sep-Nov | East. Mediterr. Health J. | pmid:16450533 |
Wyrick PB and Knight ST | Pre-exposure of infected human endometrial epithelial cells to penicillin in vitro renders Chlamydia trachomatis refractory to azithromycin. | 2004 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15163653 |
Agmon I et al. | Ribosomal crystallography: a flexible nucleotide anchoring tRNA translocation, facilitates peptide-bond formation, chirality discrimination and antibiotics synergism. | 2004 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:15165888 |
Verleden GM and Dupont LJ | Azithromycin therapy for patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. | 2004 | Transplantation | pmid:15167610 |
Davies G and Wilson R | Prophylactic antibiotic treatment of bronchiectasis with azithromycin. | 2004 | Thorax | pmid:15170047 |
Peeling RW and Mabey DC | Syphilis. | 2004 | Nat. Rev. Microbiol. | pmid:15181902 |
Hammerschlag MR and Roblin PM | The in vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, ABT-492, against recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 2004 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15190026 |
Ranque S et al. | In vitro activity of azithromycin and dirithromycin against axenic Entamoeba histolytica. | 2004 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15599659 |
Ngan CC et al. | Susceptibility testing of Singapore strains of Mycoplasma hominis to tetracycline, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and azithromycin by the Etest method. | 2004 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15023431 |
Máiz Carro L and Cantón Moreno R | [Azithromycin therapy in cystic fibrosis]. | 2004 | Med Clin (Barc) | pmid:15030744 |
Baumann U et al. | Long term azithromycin therapy in cystic fibrosis patients: a study on drug levels and sputum properties. | 2004 | Can. Respir. J. | pmid:15045047 |
Ables AZ and Warren PK | High-dose azithromycin or amoxicillin-clavulanate for recurrent otitis media? | 2004 | J Fam Pract | pmid:15000920 |
Capitano B et al. | Steady-state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and azithromycin in older adults. | 2004 | Chest | pmid:15006955 |
Abe T et al. | [A case of Q fever infection causing acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure]. | 2004 | Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:15007923 |
Skerk V et al. | Azithromycin: 4.5- or 6.0-gram dose in the treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis--a randomized study. | 2004 | J Chemother | pmid:15332719 |
AltintaÅŸ E et al. | Comparison of ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline and metronidazole with ranitidine bismuth citrate and azithromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients resistant to PPI based triple therapy. | 2004 | Turk J Gastroenterol | pmid:15334317 |
Koeth LM et al. | Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro development of resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefaclor, levofloxacin and azithromycin. | 2004 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15288313 |
Rahav G et al. | Azithromycin versus comparative therapy for the treatment of community acquired pneumonia. | 2004 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15288319 |
Skerk V et al. | Comparative randomized pilot study of azithromycin and doxycycline efficacy in the treatment of prostate infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. | 2004 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15288321 |
Lever MS et al. | In vitro susceptibility of Coxiella burnetii to azithromycin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and a range of newer fluoroquinolones. | 2004 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15288324 |
Addy LD and Martin MV | Azithromycin and dentistry - a useful agent? | 2004 | Br Dent J | pmid:15311248 |
Marrie TJ | Experience with levofloxacin in a critical pathway for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. | 2004 | Chemotherapy | pmid:15319549 |
Nielsen HU et al. | Nasopharyngeal pathogens in children with acute otitis media in a low-antibiotic use country. | 2004 | Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. | pmid:15302145 |
Brian SR and Kimbrough RC | Salvage of a prosthetic knee joint infected with resistant pneumococcus. A case report. | 2004 | J Bone Joint Surg Am | pmid:15466745 |
Sugie M et al. | Possible involvement of the drug transporters P glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein Mrp2 in disposition of azithromycin. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:14982769 |
Kim YS et al. | A comparative trial of a single dose of azithromycin versus doxycycline for the treatment of mild scrub typhus. | 2004 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15494910 |
Panpanich R et al. | Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections. | 2004 | Cochrane Database Syst Rev | pmid:15497172 |
Koytchev R et al. | Assessment of the bioequivalence of different formulations containing azithromycin (tablets and suspension). | 2004 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:15497663 |
Tindberg Y et al. | Helicobacter pylori eradication in children and adolescents by a once daily 6-day treatment with or without a proton pump inhibitor in a double-blind randomized trial. | 2004 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:15274666 |
Katz E et al. | Safety and efficacy of sequential i.v. to p.o. moxifloxacin versus conventional combination therapies for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in patients requiring initial i.v. therapy. | 2004 | J Emerg Med | pmid:15498622 |
Halpern MT and Cifaldi MA | Is azithromycin the first-choice macrolide for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia? | 2004 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15206068 |
Gordon EM and Blumer JL | Rationale for single and high dose treatment regimens with azithromycin. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770072 |
Carr RR and Nahata MC | Azithromycin for improving pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis. | 2004 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:15213312 |
Arguedas A et al. | Single dose azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated otitis media. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770073 |
Clyti E et al. | [Short treatment of donovanosis with azithromycin]. | 2004 | Ann Dermatol Venereol | pmid:15235534 |
Arrieta A and Singh J | Management of recurrent and persistent acute otitis media: new options with familiar antibiotics. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770074 |
Snider LA and Swedo SE | PANDAS: current status and directions for research. | 2004 | Mol. Psychiatry | pmid:15241433 |
Cohen R | Defining the optimum treatment regimen for azithromycin in acute tonsillopharyngitis. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770076 |
Jacobs MR et al. | Study design questions in treatment of children with acute otitis media. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15241848 |
Ruuskanen O | Safety and tolerability of azithromycin in pediatric infectious diseases: 2003 update. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770077 |
Klein JO and Schaad UB | [Use of azithromycin in the treatment of acute otitis media and tonsillopharyngitis: summary and conclusions. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:14770078 |
Langley JM et al. | Azithromycin is as effective as and better tolerated than erythromycin estolate for the treatment of pertussis. | 2004 | Pediatrics | pmid:15231980 |
Hunfeld KP et al. | New real-time PCR-based method for in vitro susceptibility testing of Anaplasma phagocytophilum against antimicrobial agents. | 2004 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15194126 |
Michot JM et al. | Active efflux of ciprofloxacin from J774 macrophages through an MRP-like transporter. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15215125 |
Hoberman A and Paradise JL | Study design questions in treatment of children with acute otitis media. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15215151 |
Miron D et al. | Azithromycin as an alternative to nalidixic acid in the therapy of childhood shigellosis. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:15071299 |
Palcevski G et al. | Antibiotic use profile at paediatric clinics in two transitional countries. | 2004 | Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf | pmid:15072118 |
Gross M et al. | Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor. | 2004 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:14963065 |
Gandhi R et al. | Pharmacokinetic evaluation of an azithromycin controlled release dosage form in healthy human volunteers: a single dose study. | 2004 | Int J Pharm | pmid:14726116 |
Liao CH et al. | Nutritionally variant streptococcal infections at a University Hospital in Taiwan: disease emergence and high prevalence of beta-lactam and macrolide resistance. | 2004 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:14727223 |
Levy SB et al. | The misuse of antibiotics. | 2004 | Med Ethics (Burlingt Mass) | pmid:15915579 |
Low N | Chlamydia (uncomplicated, genital). | 2004 | Clin Evid | pmid:15865780 |
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Mueller M et al. | Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 do not contribute to clearance of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in mice, but are necessary for the release of monokines. | 2004 | Immunobiology | pmid:15638128 |
Jones S et al. | The tip of the iceberg: opportunistic screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic patients attending a young people's health clinic reveals a high prevalence--a pilot study. | 2004 | Sex Health | pmid:16334993 |