Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Dias R and Caniça M | Emergence of invasive erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in Portugal: contribution and phylogenetic relatedness of serotype 14. | 2004 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15531597 |
Tobin JM et al. | Which treatment for genital tract Chlamydia trachomatis infection? | 2004 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:15537459 |
Basilion EV et al. | Simplification and improvement of height-based azithromycin treatment for paediatric trachoma. | 2005 | Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:15550255 |
Ioannidis J and Wilkinson D | HIV: prevention of opportunistic infections. | 2003 | Clin Evid | pmid:15555123 |
Mann J et al. | Gonorrhea treatment guidelines in Canada: 2004 update. | 2004 | CMAJ | pmid:15557584 |
Caronzolo D et al. | Glucocorticoids increase in vitro and in vivo activities of antibiotics against Chlamydophila pneumoniae. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15561871 |
Carter G et al. | A subinhibitory concentration of clarithromycin inhibits Mycobacterium avium biofilm formation. | 2004 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15561879 |
Hyodo E et al. | Effect of azithromycin therapy on coronary circulation in patients with coronary artery disease. | 2004 | Am. J. Cardiol. | pmid:15566918 |
Khamitov RF et al. | [Significance of antibacterial therapy of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in patients with bronchial asthma]. | 2004 | Ter. Arkh. | pmid:15575487 |
Gillis RJ and Iglewski BH | Azithromycin retards Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. | 2004 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:15583321 |
Amsden GW | Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolides--an underappreciated benefit in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections and chronic inflammatory pulmonary conditions? | 2005 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15590715 |
Le Normand Y et al. | [An example of simulation for a better understanding of PK/PD relationship of antibiotics]. | 2004 | Pathol. Biol. | pmid:15596309 |
Ranque S et al. | In vitro activity of azithromycin and dirithromycin against axenic Entamoeba histolytica. | 2004 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15599659 |
Soni N et al. | Recurrent acute interstitial nephritis induced by azithromycin. | 2004 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:15602202 |
Zervos M et al. | Comparative efficacies and tolerabilities of intravenous azithromycin plus ceftriaxone and intravenous levofloxacin with step-down oral therapy for hospitalized patients with moderate to severe community-acquired pneumonia. | 2004 | Treat Respir Med | pmid:15606222 |
Wilms E et al. | Quantitative determination of azithromycin in plasma, blood and isolated neutrophils by liquid chromatography using pre-column derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-chloride and fluorescence detection. | 2005 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:15607705 |
Mumcu G et al. | Clinical and immunological effects of azithromycin in Behçet's disease. | 2005 | J. Oral Pathol. Med. | pmid:15610401 |
Weiss K et al. | Clinical characteristics at initial presentation and impact of dual therapy on the outcome of bacteremic Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in adults. | 2004 Nov-Dec | Can. Respir. J. | pmid:15611810 |
Kiddugavu MG et al. | Effectiveness of syphilis treatment using azithromycin and/or benzathine penicillin in Rakai, Uganda. | 2005 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:15614114 |
Hughes WT et al. | Comparison of atovaquone and azithromycin with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of serious bacterial infections in children with HIV infection. | 2005 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15614703 |
Tokgöz B et al. | Effects of azithromycin on cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant patients. | 2004 | Transplant. Proc. | pmid:15621128 |
West ES et al. | Mass treatment and the effect on the load of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a trachoma-hyperendemic community. | 2005 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:15623758 |
Conti CR | Antibiotics for coronary disease: it's time to move on. | 2004 | Clin Cardiol | pmid:15628106 |
Mueller M et al. | Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 do not contribute to clearance of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in mice, but are necessary for the release of monokines. | 2004 | Immunobiology | pmid:15638128 |
Alexander ND et al. | An index of community ocular Chlamydia trachomatis load for control of trachoma. | 2005 | Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:15653119 |
Barker PM et al. | Effect of macrolides on in vivo ion transport across cystic fibrosis nasal epithelium. | 2005 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:15657462 |
Pino Rivero V et al. | [Facial palsy caused by otitis media with effusion in a 9-year old child]. | 2004 | An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am | pmid:15663088 |
Jacobs RF et al. | Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered azithromycin in pediatric patients. | 2005 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:15665708 |
Verma A and Dhawan A | Re: Trial of metronidazole vs. azithromycin for treatment of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth. | 2005 | Pediatr Transplant | pmid:15667627 |
Altunaiji S et al. | Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis). | 2005 | Cochrane Database Syst Rev | pmid:15674946 |
Klochkov OI et al. | [The use of azithromycin in prophylaxis of respiratory infections occurred in the organized collectives, clinical sequelae]. | 2004 | Voen Med Zh | pmid:15675752 |
Verleden GM et al. | Is it bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome or is it chronic rejection: a reappraisal? | 2005 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:15684284 |
Kyebambe P | Incomplete Reiter's arthritis in a 23 year old nursing mother. | 2004 | Afr Health Sci | pmid:15687073 |
Prahalad S et al. | Fatal acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia in a child with juvenile dermatomyositis. | 2005 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:15689928 |
Schalock PC and Dinulos JG | Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome without skin lesions: fact or fiction? | 2005 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:15692479 |
Preheim LC et al. | Effect of cirrhosis on antibiotic efficacy in a rat model of pneumococcal pneumonia. | 2005 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15698715 |
Arguedas A et al. | A randomized, multicenter, double blind, double dummy trial of single dose azithromycin versus high dose amoxicillin for treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis media. | 2005 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:15702045 |
McCormack JG and Bell SC | Has the time come to prescribe azithromycin in cystic fibrosis patients? | 2005 | Intern Med J | pmid:15705133 |
Waters LJ et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin 1 g single dose in the management of uncomplicated gonorrhoea. | 2005 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:15705283 |
O'Mahony C | Blindingly obvious! | 2005 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:15705287 |
Carter JD et al. | Antimicrobial treatment for Chlamydia induced reactive arthritis. | 2005 | Ann. Rheum. Dis. | pmid:15708913 |
Golden MR et al. | Effect of expedited treatment of sex partners on recurrent or persistent gonorrhea or chlamydial infection. | 2005 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:15716561 |
Cárceles CM et al. | Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin after intravenous and intramuscular administration to goats. | 2005 | J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:15720515 |
Srinivasan R and Yeo TH | Are newer macrolides effective in eradicating carriage of pertussis? | 2005 | Arch. Dis. Child. | pmid:15723933 |
Verhoeven V et al. | Implementation of a pilot programme for screening for chlamydial infection in general practice. | 2004 | Eur J Gen Pract | pmid:15724126 |
Swanson RN et al. | Once-daily azithromycin for 3 days compared with clarithromycin for 10 days for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study. | 2005 | Treat Respir Med | pmid:15725048 |
Berry V et al. | Comparative bacteriological efficacy of pharmacokinetically enhanced amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae with elevated amoxicillin MICs and Haemophilus influenzae. | 2005 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15728883 |
Lafortune M et al. | Proliferative enteritis associated with Lawsonia intracellularis in a Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata). | 2004 | J. Zoo Wildl. Med. | pmid:15732600 |
Yang YZ | [Death of a case caused by anaphylaxis to azithromycin]. | 2004 | Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi | pmid:15733367 |
Kadota J et al. | Antibiotic-induced apoptosis in human activated peripheral lymphocytes. | 2005 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15737515 |
Bryant DH | Obliterative bronchiolitis in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: can it be treated? | 2005 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:15738280 |
Khalid M et al. | Azithromycin in bronchiolitis obliterans complicating bone marrow transplantation: a preliminary study. | 2005 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:15738293 |
Vainas T et al. | Secondary prevention of atherosclerosis through chlamydia pneumoniae eradication (SPACE Trial): a randomised clinical trial in patients with peripheral arterial disease. | 2005 | Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg | pmid:15749042 |
Hansen CR et al. | Long-term azitromycin treatment of cystic fibrosis patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection; an observational cohort study. | 2005 | J. Cyst. Fibros. | pmid:15752679 |
Janahi IA et al. | Rapidly progressive lung disease in a patient with cystic fibrosis on long-term azithromycin: possible role of mycoplasma infection. | 2005 | J. Cyst. Fibros. | pmid:15752685 |
Brandén E et al. | Intermittent azithromycin treatment for respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | 2004 | Scand. J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15764166 |
Lescano SA et al. | [Evaluation of the efficacy of azithromycin and pyrimethamine, for treatment of experimental infection of mice with Toxoplasma gondii cystogenic strain]. | 2004 Nov-Dec | Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. | pmid:15765594 |
Halpern MT et al. | Meta-analysis of bacterial resistance to macrolides. | 2005 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15772147 |
Guven MA et al. | The demographic and behavioural profile of women with cervicitis infected with Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum and the comparison of two medical regimens. | 2005 | Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. | pmid:15778862 |
GarcÃa Vázquez E et al. | Lower mortality among patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with a macrolide plus a beta-lactam agent versus a beta-lactam agent alone. | 2005 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15782278 |
Kotloff KL et al. | Clinical and microbiological responses of volunteers to combined intranasal and oral inoculation with a Streptococcus gordonii carrier strain intended for future use as a group A streptococcus vaccine. | 2005 | Infect. Immun. | pmid:15784582 |
Imamura Y et al. | Azithromycin exhibits bactericidal effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa through interaction with the outer membrane. | 2005 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15793115 |
Skrepnek GH et al. | An economic and outcomes assessment of first-line monotherapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia within managed care. | 2005 | Curr Med Res Opin | pmid:15801997 |
Kastelik JA et al. | Azithromycin in cystic fibrosis. | 2005 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:15802355 |
Tabbara KF et al. | Azithromycin prophylaxis and treatment of murine toxoplasmosis. | 2005 | Saudi Med J | pmid:15806206 |
Kus S et al. | Comparison of efficacy of azithromycin vs. doxycycline in the treatment of acne vulgaris. | 2005 | Clin. Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:15807672 |
Yoshida K et al. | Macrolides with promotive activity of monocyte to macrophage differentiation. | 2005 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:15813186 |
Cymbala AA et al. | The disease-modifying effects of twice-weekly oral azithromycin in patients with bronchiectasis. | 2005 | Treat Respir Med | pmid:15813663 |
Young F | Sexually transmitted infections. Genital chlamydia: practical management in primary care. | 2005 | J Fam Health Care | pmid:15819362 |
Snider LA et al. | Antibiotic prophylaxis with azithromycin or penicillin for childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders. | 2005 | Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:15820236 |
Burton MJ et al. | Re-emergence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection after mass antibiotic treatment of a trachoma-endemic Gambian community: a longitudinal study. | 2005 Apr 9-15 | Lancet | pmid:15823382 |
Berquand A et al. | Interaction of the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin with lipid bilayers: effect on membrane organization, fluidity, and permeability. | 2005 | Pharm. Res. | pmid:15835753 |
Dunne MW et al. | A multicenter study of azithromycin, alone and in combination with chloroquine, for the treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in India. | 2005 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15838784 |
Grayston JT et al. | Azithromycin for the secondary prevention of coronary events. | 2005 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:15843666 |
Anderson JL | Infection, antibiotics, and atherothrombosis--end of the road or new beginnings? | 2005 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:15843674 |
Blessing E et al. | A 6 week course of azithromycin treatment has no beneficial effect on atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice chronically infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 2005 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15845780 |
Iur'ev SIu et al. | [Azithromycin levels in the chorion tissue within the first three months of the pregnancy term]. | 2004 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:15850052 |
Tu D et al. | Structures of MLSBK antibiotics bound to mutated large ribosomal subunits provide a structural explanation for resistance. | 2005 | Cell | pmid:15851032 |
Reveneau N et al. | Bactericidal activity of first-choice antibiotics against gamma interferon-induced persistent infection of human epithelial cells by Chlamydia trachomatis. | 2005 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15855497 |
Mascarenhas P et al. | Clinical response of azithromycin as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in smokers. | 2005 | J. Periodontol. | pmid:15857078 |
Blanco M et al. | Application of NIR spectroscopy in polymorphic analysis: study of pseudo-polymorphs stability. | 2005 | J Pharm Sci | pmid:15858852 |
Kim DD et al. | Neonatal group B streptococcus sepsis after negative screen in a patient taking oral antibiotics. | 2005 | Obstet Gynecol | pmid:15863602 |
Low N | Chlamydia (uncomplicated, genital). | 2004 | Clin Evid | pmid:15865780 |
Zhang JX et al. | [Resistant analysis and cultivation results of 3 160 blood specimen]. | 2005 | Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban | pmid:15871208 |
Goodchild JH | Oral triazolam sedation in implant dentistry. | 2005 | J Oral Implantol | pmid:15871531 |
Zar HJ | Neonatal chlamydial infections: prevention and treatment. | 2005 | Paediatr Drugs | pmid:15871630 |
Bahrami G et al. | High performance liquid chromatographic determination of azithromycin in serum using fluorescence detection and its application in human pharmacokinetic studies. | 2005 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:15876560 |
Zou CC and Liang L | Multiple hypoechoic lesions in spleen and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. | 2005 | Indian Pediatr | pmid:15876602 |
Esposito S et al. | Role of atypical bacteria and azithromycin therapy for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. | 2005 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:15876944 |
Cazzola M et al. | Treatment of acute exacerbation of severe-to-very severe COPD with azithromycin in patients vaccinated against Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2005 | Respir Med | pmid:15878482 |
Sommer A | Systemic antibiotics for communitywide trachoma control. | 2005 | Arch. Ophthalmol. | pmid:15883291 |
Babic Z et al. | Increased activity of Pgp multidrug transporter in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. | 2005 | World J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:15884110 |
Mahgoub A et al. | Azithromycin and erythromycin ameliorate the extent of colonic damage induced by acetic acid in rats. | 2005 | Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. | pmid:15885263 |
Bouchillon SK et al. | Impact of carbon dioxide on the susceptibility of key respiratory tract pathogens to telithromycin and azithromycin. | 2005 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:15890718 |
Dandekar PK et al. | Assessment of the efficacy of telithromycin simulating human exposures against S. pneumoniae with ribosomal mutations in a murine pneumonia model. | 2005 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:15894464 |
Casey JR and Pichichero ME | Higher dosages of azithromycin are more effective in treatment of group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. | 2005 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:15909262 |
Mori T et al. | Tacrolimus-azithromycin interaction in a recipient of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. | 2005 | Transpl. Int. | pmid:15910307 |
Levy SB et al. | The misuse of antibiotics. | 2004 | Med Ethics (Burlingt Mass) | pmid:15915579 |
Bosnar M et al. | Cellular uptake and efflux of azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, and cethromycin. | 2005 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:15917536 |
Fairgrieve WT et al. | Accumulation and clearance of orally administered erythromycin and its derivative, azithromycin, in juvenile fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. | 2005 | Dis. Aquat. Org. | pmid:15918472 |