Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Bonnet M and Van der Auwera P | In vitro and in vivo intraleukocytic accumulation of azithromycin (CP-62, 993) and its influence on ex vivo leukocyte chemiluminescence. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1329619 |
Pajukanta R et al. | In vitro activity of azithromycin compared with that of erythromycin against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1329617 |
Gingras BA and Jensen JB | Activity of azithromycin (CP-62,993) and erythromycin against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. | 1992 | Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. | pmid:1326232 |
Martin DH et al. | A controlled trial of a single dose of azithromycin for the treatment of chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis. The Azithromycin for Chlamydial Infections Study Group. | 1992 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:1325036 |
Paulsen P et al. | Influence of azithromycin and other macrolides on the intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes of healthy donors and a patient with Chédiak-Higashi syndrome. | 1992 | Chemotherapy | pmid:1324831 |
Hammerschlag MR et al. | In vitro activities of azithromycin, clarithromycin, L-ofloxacin, and other antibiotics against Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1324650 |
Mertens JC et al. | Double-blind randomized study comparing the efficacies and safeties of a short (3-day) course of azithromycin and a 5-day course of amoxicillin in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1324645 |
Vallée E et al. | Activity and local delivery of azithromycin in a mouse model of Haemophilus influenzae lung infection. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1324644 |
Derouin F et al. | Synergistic activity of azithromycin and pyrimethamine or sulfadiazine in acute experimental toxoplasmosis. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1324642 |
Chave JP et al. | Once-a-week azithromycin in AIDS patients: tolerability, kinetics, and effects on zidovudine disposition. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1324635 |
Drew RH and Gallis HA | Azithromycin--spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applications. | 1992 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:1319048 |
Bahal N and Nahata MC | The new macrolide antibiotics: azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, and roxithromycin. | 1992 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:1318761 |
Welsh LE et al. | In vitro evaluation of activities of azithromycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline against Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1318677 |
Kobrehel G et al. | Synthesis and antibacterial activity of O-methylazithromycin derivatives. | 1992 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:1317368 |
Brown BA et al. | Activities of four macrolides, including clarithromycin, against Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, and M. chelonae-like organisms. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1317144 |
Pruul H and McDonald PJ | Potentiation of antibacterial activity of azithromycin and other macrolides by normal human serum. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1317141 |
Massarotti EM et al. | Treatment of early Lyme disease. | 1992 | Am. J. Med. | pmid:1313637 |
O'Connor CM et al. | Azithromycin for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease events: the WIZARD study: a randomized controlled trial. | 2003 | JAMA | pmid:13129985 |
Neu HC | New macrolide antibiotics: azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1992 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:1310839 |
Huang C et al. | Susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum and Mycoplasma Hominis to seven antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of Ureaplasma Urealyticum infection. | 2003 | J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. Med. Sci. | pmid:12973952 |
Fernández Cuenca F et al. | [In vitro activity of azithromycin against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii]. | 2003 | Rev Esp Quimioter | pmid:12973458 |
Miguel L and Barbas C | LC determination of impurities in azithromycin tablets. | 2003 | J Pharm Biomed Anal | pmid:12972086 |
Sugihara E et al. | Macrolide antibiotics directly reduce active oxygen generation by neutrophils in human peripheral blood. | 2003 | Kurume Med J | pmid:12971257 |
Abdelghaffar H et al. | Interaction of macrolides and ketolides with the phagocytic cell line PLB-985. | 2003 | J Chemother | pmid:12962363 |
Rocha JL | Correct dose of azithromycin for patients scheduled to undergo dental procedures. | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12955653 |
Favre-Bonté S et al. | Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: role of the C4-HSL cell-to-cell signal and inhibition by azithromycin. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12951348 |
DeÄŸerli K et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin in a murine toxoplasmosis model, employing a Toxoplasma gondii strain from Turkey. | 2003 | Acta Trop. | pmid:12943976 |
Matsuzaki K et al. | [Susceptibility of major pathogens of acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis to levofloxacin and other oral antimicrobial drugs]. | 2003 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12942788 |
Sirinavin S et al. | Norfloxacin and azithromycin for treatment of nontyphoidal salmonella carriers. | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12942401 |
Henry DC et al. | Randomized double-blind study comparing 3- and 6-day regimens of azithromycin with a 10-day amoxicillin-clavulanate regimen for treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12936972 |
Batt SL et al. | Impact of azithromycin administration for trachoma control on the carriage of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12936971 |
Zhou LQ et al. | [Detection of bacterial 16S rRAN gene in EPS of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome and its clinical significance]. | 2003 | Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue | pmid:12931366 |
Ohsaki Y et al. | Alterations in penicillin binding protein gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae and their correlation with susceptibility patterns. | 2003 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:12927954 |
Laming AC and Currie BJ | An evaluation of a SAFE-style trachoma control program in central Australia. | 2003 | Med. J. Aust. | pmid:12921100 |
Sahin-Hodoglugil NN et al. | A comparison of cost-effectiveness of three protocols for diagnosis and treatment of gonococcal and chlamydial infections in women in Africa. | 2003 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:12916139 |
Sosa J et al. | High percentages of resistance to tetracycline and penicillin and reduced susceptibility to azithromycin characterize the majority of strain types of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Cuba, 1995-1998. | 2003 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:12916137 |
Strachan D et al. | Is oral azithromycin effective for the treatment of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia in cardiac transplant recipients? | 2003 | J Clin Pharm Ther | pmid:12911686 |
Falk L et al. | Tetracycline treatment does not eradicate Mycoplasma genitalium. | 2003 | Sex Transm Infect | pmid:12902584 |
Dunne MW et al. | Randomized, double-blind study of the clinical efficacy of 3 days of azithromycin compared with co-amoxiclav for the treatment of acute otitis media. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12888586 |
Garasiuta EG | [Surgical treatment of ulnar and pre-patellar bursitis under ambulatory conditions]. | 2000 | Voen Med Zh | pmid:12886538 |
Feldman RB et al. | Azithromycin monotherapy for patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: a 31/2-year experience from a veterans affairs hospital. | 2003 | Arch. Intern. Med. | pmid:12885688 |
Crum NF et al. | Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees. | 2003 | Am J Prev Med | pmid:12880877 |
Dunne MW et al. | Efficacy of single-dose azithromycin in treatment of acute otitis media in children after a baseline tympanocentesis. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12878537 |
Rodvold KA et al. | Steady-state plasma and bronchopulmonary concentrations of intravenous levofloxacin and azithromycin in healthy adults. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12878504 |
Lildholdt T et al. | The natural history of recurrent acute tonsillitis and a clinical trial of azithromycin for antibiotic prophylaxis. | 2003 | Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci | pmid:12871256 |
Rush C and Simon MW | The effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime and azithromycin on normal throat flora in children with group A streptococcal pharyngitis. | 2003 | Clin Pediatr (Phila) | pmid:12862350 |
Bhattacharya MK et al. | Azithromycin in the treatment of cholera in children. | 2003 | Acta Paediatr. | pmid:12856976 |
Nigović B and Simunić B | Voltammetric assay of azithromycin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. | 2003 | J Pharm Biomed Anal | pmid:12852463 |
Cone LA et al. | Delirium in the elderly resulting from azithromycin therapy. | 2003 | Surg Neurol | pmid:12826358 |
Bingen E et al. | Activity of telithromycin against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates recovered from French children with invasive and noninvasive infections. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12821495 |
Seral C et al. | Quantitative analysis of gentamicin, azithromycin, telithromycin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and oritavancin (LY333328) activities against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in mouse J774 macrophages. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12821480 |
Taylor WR et al. | Tolerability of azithromycin as malaria prophylaxis in adults in northeast papua, indonesia. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12821468 |
Tyteca D et al. | The macrolide antibiotic azithromycin interacts with lipids and affects membrane organization and fluidity: studies on Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, liposomes and J774 macrophages. | 2003 | J. Membr. Biol. | pmid:12820665 |
Lynch M et al. | Azithromycin treatment coverage in Tanzanian children using community volunteers. | 2003 | Ophthalmic Epidemiol | pmid:12815491 |
Ito K et al. | Prediction of the in vivo interaction between midazolam and macrolides based on in vitro studies using human liver microsomes. | 2003 | Drug Metab. Dispos. | pmid:12814973 |
Peters DH et al. | Azithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and clinical efficacy. | 1992 | Drugs | pmid:1280567 |
Iakovlev SV and Ukhin SA | [Azithromycin: general properties and regimen optimization based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacological parameters]. | 2003 | Antibiot. Khimioter. | pmid:12803047 |
Engel JN | Azithromycin-induced block of elementary body formation in Chlamydia trachomatis. | 1992 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:1280057 |
Andrews WW et al. | Randomized clinical trial of extended spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis with coverage for Ureaplasma urealyticum to reduce post-cesarean delivery endometritis. | 2003 | Obstet Gynecol | pmid:12798523 |
Jang D et al. | Correlation between culture testing of swabs and ligase chain reaction of first void urine from patients recently treated for Chlamydia trachomatis. | 2003 | Sex Transm Infect | pmid:12794211 |
Blandford JM and Gift TL | The cost-effectiveness of single-dose azithromycin for treatment of incubating syphilis. | 2003 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:12782951 |
Zhanel GG et al. | Pharmacodynamic activity of azithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable free serum, epithelial lining fluid and middle ear fluid concentrations. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12775677 |
Yamaguchi H et al. | Chlamydia pneumoniae resists antibiotics in lymphocytes. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12760877 |
Karlowsky JA et al. | Susceptibilities to levofloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates from children: results from 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 TRUST studies in the United States. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12760850 |
Frick KD et al. | Household willingness to pay for azithromycin treatment for trachoma control in the United Republic of Tanzania. | 2003 | Bull. World Health Organ. | pmid:12751418 |
Castaldo RS et al. | A comparison of 5-day courses of dirithromycin and azithromycin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | 2003 | Clin Ther | pmid:12749513 |
Sánchez F et al. | Is azithromycin the first-choice macrolide for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia? | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12746768 |
Bachmann K et al. | Influence of a 3-day regimen of azithromycin on the disposition kinetics of cyclosporine A in stable renal transplant patients. | 2003 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:12742010 |
Chanteux H et al. | Cell handling, membrane-binding properties, and membrane-penetration modeling approaches of pivampicillin and phthalimidomethylampicillin, two basic esters of ampicillin, in comparison with chloroquine and azithromycin. | 2003 | Pharm. Res. | pmid:12739771 |
Gaynor BD et al. | Eliminating trachoma in areas with limited disease. | 2003 | Emerging Infect. Dis. | pmid:12737745 |
Llor Vilà C | [I'd rather give azithromycin for three days. That way the patient complies]. | 2003 | Aten Primaria | pmid:12735886 |
Trad O et al. | Eradication of Cryptosporidium in four children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | 2003 | J. Trop. Pediatr. | pmid:12729299 |
Skerk V et al. | Comparative analysis of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. | 2003 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:12727080 |
Johnson SR et al. | Mutations causing in vitro resistance to azithromycin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 2003 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:12727073 |
Maekawa M et al. | [Alteration of antibacterial activity of tosufloxacin and various antibacterial agents against Streptococcus pneumoniae]. | 2003 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12723396 |
Guchev IA et al. | [Effect of chemoprophylaxis on pneumonia incidence in organized groups]. | 2003 | Voen Med Zh | pmid:12722514 |
Guchev IA et al. | [Prophylaxis of pneumonia occurring outside the hospital in organized groups]. | 2003 | Voen Med Zh | pmid:12722363 |
Yoshida H and Kusaba N | [Cat scratch disease]. | 2003 | Nippon Rinsho | pmid:12722263 |
Bird M et al. | Does the diagnosis of trachoma adequately identify ocular chlamydial infection in trachoma-endemic areas? | 2003 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12721948 |
Prata A et al. | Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 2003 Jan-Feb | Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. | pmid:12715065 |
Fernández-Cuenca F et al. | In vitro activity of azithromycin in combination with amikacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin or imipenem against clinical isolates of Acinobacter baumannii. | 2003 | Chemotherapy | pmid:12714805 |
Basualdo W and Arbo A | Randomized comparison of azithromycin versus cefixime for treatment of shigellosis in children. | 2003 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:12712971 |
Faber M et al. | [Comparative analysis of the effectiveness and costs of azithromycin and cefoperazone treatment of patients during COPD exacerbation]. | 2003 | Pol. Merkur. Lekarski | pmid:12712826 |
Hoban DJ et al. | Comparative in vitro surveillance of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and four oral comparators against 21232 clinical isolates from europe. | 2003 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12709842 |
Jacks SS et al. | In vitro susceptibilities of Rhodococcus equi and other common equine pathogens to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and 20 other antimicrobials. | 2003 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:12709351 |
Strle F and Maraspin V | Is azithromycin treatment associated with prolongation of the Q-Tc interval? | 2002 | Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. | pmid:12708094 |
Cascio A and Colomba C | [Macrolides in the treatment of children with Mediterranean spotted fever]. | 2002 | Infez Med | pmid:12704264 |
Faa AG et al. | Scrub typhus in the Torres Strait islands of north Queensland, Australia. | 2003 | Emerging Infect. Dis. | pmid:12702230 |
Seral C et al. | Influence of P-glycoprotein and MRP efflux pump inhibitors on the intracellular activity of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in macrophages infected by Listeria monocytogenes or Staphylococcus aureus. | 2003 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:12697643 |
Malcolm C and Marrie TJ | Antibiotic therapy for ambulatory patients with community-acquired pneumonia in an emergency department setting. | 2003 | Arch. Intern. Med. | pmid:12695270 |
Krudsood S et al. | A comparative clinical trial of combinations of dihydroartemisinin plus azithromycin and dihydroartemisinin plus mefloquine for treatment of multidrug resistant falciparum malaria. | 2002 | Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health | pmid:12693587 |
Schachter J and Dawson CR | Elimination of blinding trachoma. | 2002 | Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12686881 |
Hamdan II | Comparative in vitro investigations of the interaction between some macrolides and Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II). | 2003 | Pharmazie | pmid:12685822 |
Karlowsky JA et al. | Factors associated with relative rates of antimicrobial resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States: results from the TRUST Surveillance Program (1998-2002). | 2003 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:12684907 |
Sicklinger M et al. | In vitro susceptibility testing of four antibiotics against Borrelia burgdorferi: a comparison of results for the three genospecies Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. | 2003 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:12682190 |
Zhou WQ et al. | [Clinic efficacy of treating chronic prostatitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae with azithromycin aspartic-acid injection]. | 2003 | Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue | pmid:12680331 |
Corbu C et al. | [Ocular toxoplasmosis and consecutive complicated cataract]. | 2002 | Oftalmologia | pmid:12677800 |
Schilling F | [SAPHO syndrome. A contribution to discussion]. | 2003 | Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. | pmid:12674695 |
Gerhardt SG et al. | Maintenance azithromycin therapy for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: results of a pilot study. | 2003 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:12672648 |
Hunter RP et al. | Azithromycin metabolite identification in plasma, bile, and tissues of the ball python (Python regius). | 2003 | J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:12667181 |