Azithramycine is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Azithramycine is associated with abnormalities such as Respiratory Tract Infections, Pneumonia, Lower respiratory tract infection, Infection and Nonspecific urethritis. The involved functions are known as Lysis, Selection, Genetic, Mutation, Relapse and Adaptation. Azithramycine often locates in Blood, Respiratory System, Genitourinary system, Back and Chest. The associated genes with Azithramycine are Genes, rRNA, Genome, RPL22 gene, OPRM1 gene and tryptic soy broth. The related lipids are Liposomes, Phosphatidylserines, Promega, Lipopolysaccharides and Steroids. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Tissue Model.
To understand associated biological information of Azithramycine, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
Azithramycine is suspected in Infection, Pneumonia, Trachoma, Respiratory Tract Infections, Gonorrhea, Infectious disease of lung and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Azithramycine
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Azithromycin increases in vitro fibronectin production through interactions between macrophages and fibroblasts stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Cory TJ et al., 2013), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and beta-lactam agents against experimentally induced bronchopneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae in mice.' (Miyazaki S et al., 2001), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Oral anti-pneumococcal activity and pharmacokinetic profiling of a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor.' (Gross M et al., 2004), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections.' (Bala A et al., 2011) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Enhanced efficacy of single-dose versus multi-dose azithromycin regimens in preclinical infection models.' (Girard D et al., 2005).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Influence of rhlR and lasR on Polymyxin Pharmacodynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Implications for Quorum Sensing Inhibition with Azithromycin.' (Bulman ZP et al., 2017) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: bactericidal activity and selection of nfxB mutants.' (Mulet X et al., 2009).
Tissue Model are used in the study 'Development of a population pharmacokinetic model characterizing the tissue distribution of azithromycin in healthy subjects.' (Zheng S et al., 2014).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Hook EW et al. | Azithromycin compared with penicillin G benzathine for treatment of incubating syphilis. | 1999 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:10498560 |
Butler T et al. | Treatment of typhoid fever with azithromycin versus chloramphenicol in a randomized multicentre trial in India. | 1999 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:10473232 |
Melnichouk S et al. | Evaluation of lansoprazole (an H+/K+-ATPase inhibitor) and azithromycin (an antibiotic) for control of gastric ulceration in swine during periods of feed deprivation. | 1999 | Can. J. Vet. Res. | pmid:10534003 |
Howell MR et al. | Control of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in female army recruits: cost-effective screening and treatment in training cohorts to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease. | 1999 | Sex Transm Dis | pmid:10534206 |
Mabey D and Bailey R | Eradication of trachoma worldwide. | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol | pmid:10535853 |
Muhlestein JB | Animal models of chlamydia and atherosclerosis. | 1999 | Am. Heart J. | pmid:10539862 |
Gupta S | Chlamydia pneumoniae, monocyte activation, and azithromycin in coronary heart disease. | 1999 | Am. Heart J. | pmid:10539869 |
Dunne M | WIZARD and the design of trials for secondary prevention of atherosclerosis with antibiotics. | 1999 | Am. Heart J. | pmid:10539870 |
Grayston JT | Design of future intervention studies for Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis. | 1999 | Am. Heart J. | pmid:10539875 |
Goldstein EJ et al. | Activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647, RU 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10543769 |
Whitty CJ et al. | Impact of community-based mass treatment for trachoma with oral azithromycin on general morbidity in Gambian children. | 1999 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:10571428 |
Tan HH and Chan RK | An open label comparative study of azithromycin and doxycycline in the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis in males and Chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis in female sex workers in an STD clinic in Singapore. | 1999 | Singapore Med J | pmid:10572491 |
Shanks GD et al. | Single dose of azithromycin or three-day course of ciprofloxacin as therapy for epidemic dysentery in Kenya. Acute Dysentery Study Group. | 1999 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10589921 |
Sendi PP et al. | Cost-effectiveness of azithromycin for preventing Mycobacterium avium complex infection in HIV-positive patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The Swiss HIV Cohort Study. | 1999 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:10590283 |
Grimes DA and Schulz KF | Prophylactic antibiotics for intrauterine device insertion: a metaanalysis of the randomized controlled trials. | 1999 | Contraception | pmid:10592851 |
Ouchi K | Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. | 1999 | Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10738358 |
Girgis NI et al. | Azithromycin versus ciprofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in a randomized trial in Egypt that included patients with multidrug resistance. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10348767 |
Wolf K and Malinverni R | Effect of azithromycin plus rifampin versus that of azithromycin alone on the eradication of Chlamydia pneumoniae from lung tissue in experimental pneumonitis. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10348778 |
Ngo LY et al. | Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin administered alone and with atovaquone in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. The ACTG 254 Team. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10348786 |
Oliva S et al. | Successful treatment of widely disseminated acanthamoebiasis. | 1999 | South. Med. J. | pmid:9932828 |
Ghirga G et al. | Inefficacy of a 3-day course of azithromycin in preventing acute rheumatic fever after group A streptococcal infection (scarlet fever) in an 8-year-old child. | 1999 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:9880464 |
Preheim LC et al. | Ethanol feeding does not affect the efficacy or pharmacokinetics of azithromycin, trovafloxacin, or ceftriaxone in a rat model of pneumococcal pneumonia. | 1999 | Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. | pmid:10371404 |
Drugs for sexually transmitted infections. | 1999 | Med Lett Drugs Ther | pmid:10906932 | |
Burgess DS et al. | A time-kill evaluation of clarithromycin and azithromycin against two extracellular pathogens and the development of resistance. | 1999 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:10630825 |
Alvarez Gutiérrez FJ et al. | [A randomized comparative study of 3 days of azithromycin treatment and 10 days of cefuroxime treatment in exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | 1999 | Med Clin (Barc) | pmid:10472596 |
Amsden GW et al. | Pharmacokinetics in serum and leukocyte exposures of oral azithromycin, 1,500 milligrams, given over a 3- or 5-day period in healthy subjects. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:9869584 |
Breitschwerdt EB et al. | Efficacy of doxycycline, azithromycin, or trovafloxacin for treatment of experimental Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs. | 1999 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10103185 |
Laine L et al. | Once-daily therapy for H. pylori infection: a randomized comparison of four regimens. | 1999 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:10201465 |
Foster DR and Milan NL | Potential interaction between azithromycin and warfarin. | 1999 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:10417043 |
Scaglione F et al. | Interpretation of middle ear fluid concentrations of antibiotics: comparison between ceftibuten, cefixime and azithromycin. | 1999 | Br J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:10215750 |
Khan AA et al. | Effect of clarithromycin and azithromycin on production of cytokines by human monocytes. | 1999 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:10221415 |
Taylor KI and Taylor HR | Distribution of azithromycin for the treatment of trachoma. | 1999 | Br J Ophthalmol | pmid:10396186 |
Vcev A et al. | High dose omeprazole plus amoxicillin and azithromycin in eradication of Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcers. | 1999 | Helicobacter | pmid:10352088 |
Cinti S et al. | Killing of Mycobacterium avium by neutrophils and monocytes from AIDS patients treated with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. | 1999 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10353887 |
Lombardo L et al. | Helicobacter pylori eradication using one-week low-dose lansoprazole plus amoxycillin and azithromycin: failure of a "promising" association. | 1999 | Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:10379493 |
Ogasawara KK and Goodwin TM | Efficacy of azithromycin in reducing lower genital Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in women at risk for preterm delivery. | 1999 Jan-Feb | J Matern Fetal Med | pmid:10052839 |
Klapan I et al. | Azithromycin versus amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute sinusitis. | 1999 Jan-Feb | Am J Otolaryngol | pmid:9950107 |
Gorenek L et al. | The diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-associated diarrhea. | 1999 Jan-Feb | Hepatogastroenterology | pmid:10228818 |
Braz LM et al. | [The evaluation of the efficacy of azithromycin and pyrimethamine used alone or in combination in the treatment of an experimental infection in mice by Toxoplasma gondii]. | 1999 Jul-Aug | Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. | pmid:10495670 |
Sawhney N | MAC prophylaxis in the era of polypharmacy. | 1999 May-Jun | WMJ | pmid:10414219 |
Schönwald S et al. | Azithromycin: single 1.5 g dose in the treatment of patients with atypical pneumonia syndrome--a randomized study. | 1999 May-Jun | Infection | pmid:10378132 |
Paavonen J and Eggert-Kruse W | Chlamydia trachomatis: impact on human reproduction. | 1999 Sep-Oct | Hum. Reprod. Update | pmid:10582782 |
Najib MM et al. | Cost-effectiveness of sparfloxacin compared with other oral antimicrobials in outpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. | 2000 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:10772376 |
See S | Is azithromycin monotherapy as efficacious as cefuroxime plus erythromycin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients? | 2000 | J Fam Pract | pmid:11052155 |
Garasiuta EG | [Surgical treatment of ulnar and pre-patellar bursitis under ambulatory conditions]. | 2000 | Voen Med Zh | pmid:12886538 |
Infection fighters. MAC prevention takes a holiday. | 2000 | TreatmentUpdate | pmid:12132450 | |
Ress BD and Gross EM | Irreversible sensorineural hearing loss as a result of azithromycin ototoxicity. A case report. | 2000 | Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. | pmid:10778901 |
Miller SA et al. | Chlamydia pneumoniae activates nuclear factor kappaB and activator protein 1 in human vascular smooth muscle and induces cellular proliferation. | 2000 | J. Surg. Res. | pmid:10781378 |
Skerk V et al. | Comparative analysis of azithromycin and doxycycline efficacy in the treatment of female patients with acute urethral syndrome caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum. | 2000 | J Chemother | pmid:10789560 |
Sasaki TY and Sumida KN | Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AIL-TCL) following macrolide administration. | 2000 | Hawaii Med J | pmid:10800250 |
Somani J et al. | Multiple drug-resistant Chlamydia trachomatis associated with clinical treatment failure. | 2000 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10762573 |
El-Sadr WM et al. | Discontinuation of prophylaxis for Mycobacterium avium complex disease in HIV-infected patients who have a response to antiretroviral therapy. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. | 2000 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:10766581 |
Brieland JK et al. | Efficacy of SCH27899 in an animal model of Legionnaires' disease using immunocompromised A/J mice. | 2000 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10770771 |
Laming AC et al. | A targeted, single-dose azithromycin strategy for trachoma. | 2000 | Med. J. Aust. | pmid:10772587 |
Turcinov D et al. | Failure of azithromycin in treatment of Brill-Zinsser disease. | 2000 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10817744 |
Tsitsika A et al. | Single-oral-dose azithromycin prophylaxis against experimental streptococcal or staphylococcal aortic valve endocarditis. | 2000 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10817749 |
Westphal JF | Macrolide - induced clinically relevant drug interactions with cytochrome P-450A (CYP) 3A4: an update focused on clarithromycin, azithromycin and dirithromycin. | 2000 | Br J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:11012550 |
Calabrese C et al. | Pantoprazole, azithromycin and tinidazole: short duration triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. | 2000 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:11121909 |
DeAbate CA et al. | The safety and efficacy of short course (5-day) moxifloxacin vs. azithromycin in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. | 2000 | Respir Med | pmid:11127487 |
Macaigne G et al. | [Acute pseudoangiocholitic hepatitis probably induced by azithromycin]. | 2000 | Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. | pmid:11084438 |
Alvarez MP et al. | [Pharmacovigilance study of azithromycin tablets (500 mg) in the treatment of adult patients with respiratory tract infections]. | 2000 | Rev Esp Quimioter | pmid:11086281 |
Nagai K et al. | In vitro development of resistance to ceftriaxone, cefprozil and azithromycin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2000 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:11102409 |
Ianaro A et al. | Anti-inflammatory activity of macrolide antibiotics. | 2000 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:10604943 |
Sader H and Del'Alamo L | Etest compared to broth microdilution: discrepant results when testing macrolides against Streptococcus pneumoniae indicate a need for better clinical and serum level/MIC correlation. | 2000 | Braz J Infect Dis | pmid:11063559 |
Putnam SD et al. | Pharyngeal colonization prevalence rates for Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae in a respiratory chemoprophylaxis intervention study using azithromycin. | 2000 | Clin. Microbiol. Infect. | pmid:11168029 |
Schilling F and Wagner AD | [Azithromycin: an anti-inflammatory effect in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis? A preliminary report]. | 2000 | Z Rheumatol | pmid:11142932 |
Powers JL et al. | Comparison of the palatability of the oral suspension of cefdinir vs. amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium, cefprozil and azithromycin in pediatric patients. | 2000 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:11144401 |
Duran JM and Amsden GW | Azithromycin: indications for the future? | 2000 | Expert Opin Pharmacother | pmid:11249533 |
Vergis EN et al. | Azithromycin vs cefuroxime plus erythromycin for empirical treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. | 2000 | Arch. Intern. Med. | pmid:10809032 |
Koch CC et al. | Apoptosis, oxidative metabolism and interleukin-8 production in human neutrophils exposed to azithromycin: effects of Streptococcus pneumoniae. | 2000 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:10882684 |
Herrera D et al. | The periodontal abscess (II). Short-term clinical and microbiological efficacy of 2 systemic antibiotic regimes. | 2000 | J. Clin. Periodontol. | pmid:10883868 |
Anderson JL and Muhlestein JB | The ACADEMIC study in perspective (Azithromycin in coronary artery disease: elimination of myocardial infection with Chlamydia). | 2000 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10839761 |
Dunne MW | Rationale and design of a secondary prevention trial of antibiotic use in patients after myocardial infarction: the WIZARD (weekly intervention with zithromax [azithromycin] for atherosclerosis and its related disorders) trial. | 2000 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10839762 |
Jackson LA | Description and status of the azithromycin and coronary events study (ACES). | 2000 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:10839763 |
Raja Babu KK et al. | Confluent and reticulate papillomatosis: successful treatment with azithromycin. | 2000 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:10848767 |
SendaÄŸ F et al. | Single dose oral azithromycin versus seven day doxycycline in the treatment of non-gonococcal mucopurulent endocervicitis. | 2000 | Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol | pmid:10870778 |
Gruber F et al. | Treatment of early syphilis with azithromycin. | 2000 | J Chemother | pmid:10877520 |
Ernst EJ et al. | Comparison of the serum and intracellular pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in healthy and diabetic volunteers. | 2000 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:10853621 |
Criqui GI et al. | Effects of azithromycin on ozone-induced airway neutrophilia and cytokine release. | 2000 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:10853849 |
Heikkinen T et al. | The transplacental transfer of the macrolide antibiotics erythromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin. | 2000 | BJOG | pmid:10847234 |
Hammerschlag MR | Treatment of Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 2000 | Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents | pmid:10926449 |
González de Aledo Linos A and GarcÃa Merino J | [Control of a school outbreak of serogroup B meningococcal disease by chemoprophylaxis with azithromycin and ciprofloxacin]. | 2000 | An. Esp. Pediatr. | pmid:11521657 |
Plouffe J et al. | Clinical efficacy of intravenous followed by oral azithromycin monotherapy in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. The Azithromycin Intravenous Clinical Trials Group. | 2000 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:10858333 |
Donders GG | Treatment of sexually transmitted bacterial diseases in pregnant women. | 2000 | Drugs | pmid:10776830 |
Oksi J | [Diagnostics and treatment of Lyme borreliosis]. | 2000 | Duodecim | pmid:11787113 |
Miyazaki S and Yamaguchi K | [In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of azithromycin]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572087 |
Shiba K | [Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of azithromycin in humans]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572088 |
Enogaki K | [Transport to an infected site of azithromycin by phagocyte cells]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572089 |
Potts JM et al. | Association of chronic urinary symptoms in women and Ureaplasma urealyticum. | 2000 | Urology | pmid:10736488 |
Oizumi K | [Clinical evaluation of azithromycin for respiratory infectious diseases]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572090 |
Nakayama I | [Clinical studies of azithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, for infections in the field of surgery]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572091 |
Puri SK and Singh N | Azithromycin: antimalarial profile against blood- and sporozoite-induced infections in mice and monkeys. | 2000 | Exp. Parasitol. | pmid:10631075 |
Sunakawa K | [Summary of the clinical studies with azithromycin in the pediatric fields]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572092 |
Naoya M | [The clinical study of azithromycin in otolaryngologic infection]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572093 |
Arata J | [Azithromycin in the field of dermatology]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572094 |
Sasaki J | [Azithromycin in dentistry and oral surgery]. | 2000 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:12572095 |
Grayston JT | Secondary prevention antibiotic treatment trials for coronary artery disease. | 2000 | Circulation | pmid:11023925 |
Muhlestein JB et al. | Randomized secondary prevention trial of azithromycin in patients with coronary artery disease: primary clinical results of the ACADEMIC study. | 2000 | Circulation | pmid:11023928 |
Bharat V and Mohanty B | Bleeding complication during coumarin therapy due to amiodarone and azithromycin. | 2000 | J Assoc Physicians India | pmid:11273517 |
Gulati R et al. | Comparative bioavailability of two formulations of azithromycin. | 2000 | J Assoc Physicians India | pmid:11273540 |