clarithromycin is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Clarithromycin is associated with abnormalities such as Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Infection, Coinfection, Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. The involved functions are known as Point Mutation, Increased Sensitivy, Bacterial resistance, urease activity and Mutation. Clarithromycin often locates in Blood, Gastric mucosa, Biopsy sample, Respiratory System and Entire gastrointestinal tract. The associated genes with clarithromycin are Genes, rRNA, rRNA Operon, Genome, HM13 gene and GDF15 gene. The related lipids are 9,11-linoleic acid, Steroids, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Lipopolysaccharides and 4-hydroxycholesterol. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis.
To understand associated biological information of clarithromycin, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
clarithromycin is suspected in Infection, Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Pneumonia, Respiratory Tract Infections, PARKINSON DISEASE, LATE-ONSET, Community acquired pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with clarithromycin
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inflammation provoked by Mycoplasma pneumoniae extract: implications for combination treatment with clarithromycin and dexamethasone.' (Hirao S et al., 2011), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and clarithromycin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected volunteers.' (Hafner R et al., 1998), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Clarithromycin attenuates mastectomy-induced acute inflammatory response.' (Chow LW et al., 2000) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'In vitro and in vivo influence of adjunct clarithromycin on the treatment of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Bui KQ et al., 2000).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Intrinsic macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis is conferred by a novel erm gene, erm(38).' (Nash KA, 2003).
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis are used in the study 'Failure of treatment for chronic Mycobacterium abscessus meningitis despite adequate clarithromycin levels in cerebrospinal fluid.' (Maniu CV et al., 2001).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Odenholt-Tornqvist I et al. | Postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects of roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin on respiratory tract pathogens. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7695310 |
Klapper SR et al. | Atypical mycobacterial infection of the orbit. | 1995 | Ophthalmology | pmid:9097803 |
Odagiri S | Levofloxacin in patients with severe respiratory tract infection. | 1995 | Drugs | pmid:8549387 |
Logan RP et al. | Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and prevention of recurrence of duodenal ulcer: a randomized, double-blind, multi-centre trial of omeprazole with or without clarithromycin. | 1995 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8527618 |
Colizza DF | Pertussis update. | 1995 | J Sch Health | pmid:7637337 |
de Boer WA and Tytgat GN | The best therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: should efficacy or side-effect profile determine our choice? | 1995 | Scand. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7638563 |
Takimoto T et al. | Efficacy of lansoprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1995 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7594327 |
Shimoyama T et al. | Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with lansoprazole and clarithromycin in gastric ulcer patients. | 1995 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7594328 |
Fukuda Y et al. | Combination therapies with a proton pump inhibitor for Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric ulcer patients. | 1995 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7594330 |
Frotz H et al. | [Ranitidine and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer]. | 1995 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:7710445 |
Luna-Herrera J et al. | Antituberculosis activity of clarithromycin. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8593004 |
Ellis LC et al. | Postantibiotic effect of clarithromycin alone and combined with ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8593025 |
Truffot-Pernot C et al. | Clarithromycin is inactive against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8593032 |
Reid R et al. | Pneumococcal meningitis during therapy of otitis media with clarithromycin. | 1995 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8786899 |
Wallace RJ et al. | Reduced serum levels of clarithromycin in patients treated with multidrug regimens including rifampin or rifabutin for Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare infection. | 1995 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7876634 |
Cheng B | Preventing opportunistic infections. | 1995 | PI Perspect | pmid:11362422 |
Cama VA et al. | Treatment of acute and chronic Cryptosporidium parvum infections in mice using clarithromycin and 14-OH clarithromycin. | 1994 Sep-Oct | J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. | pmid:7804227 |
O'Connor NK and Fris J | Clarithromycin-carbamazepine interaction in a clinical setting. | 1994 Nov-Dec | J Am Board Fam Pract | pmid:7847111 |
Scaglione F et al. | Effect of antibiotics on Bordetella pertussis adhering activity: hypothesis regarding mechanism of action. | 1994 May-Jun | Chemotherapy | pmid:7515782 |
Gersema LM et al. | Suspected drug interaction between cyclosporine and clarithromycin. | 1994 Mar-Apr | J. Heart Lung Transplant. | pmid:8031821 |
Heifets LB | Quantitative cultures and drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium avium clinical isolates before and during the antimicrobial therapy. | 1994 Mar-Apr | Res. Microbiol. | pmid:7809471 |
Dautzenberg B | Clinical trials in Mycobacterium avium therapy: lessons to take home. | 1994 Mar-Apr | Res. Microbiol. | pmid:7809472 |
Winter J | Intravenous clarithromycin. | 1994 Mar 16-Apr 5 | Br J Hosp Med | pmid:8032567 |
Mor N et al. | Accumulation of clarithromycin in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium avium. | 1994 Jan-Feb | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:8159593 |
Tessier MH et al. | Clarithromycin for atypical mycobacterial lymphadenitis in non-immunocompromised children. | 1994 Dec 24-31 | Lancet | pmid:7997032 |
Ploy MC et al. | [Antibacterial activity of clarithromycin and its hydroxylated derivative and two other macrolides against thirty strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae]. | 1994 | Pathol. Biol. | pmid:7824300 |
Darling TN et al. | Treatment of Mycobacterium haemophilum infection with an antibiotic regimen including clarithromycin. | 1994 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:7918014 |
Gevaudan MJ et al. | [Evaluation of the extra- and intracellular activity of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium chelonae]. | 1994 | Pathol. Biol. | pmid:7824305 |
Domschke W | Omeprazole, Helicobacter pylori, and gastritis. | 1994 | J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7921141 |
Geraci AJ | Empiric antibiotics in sinusitis. | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7921288 |
Rust GS | Multicenter comparison of clarithromycin and amoxicillin. | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7921290 |
Rolinson GN | A clarithromycin sensitivity survey. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7829420 |
Durodie J and Slocombe B | A clarithromycin sensitivity survey. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7829421 |
Sano M et al. | [Inhibition of biofilm formation by clarithromycin (CAM) in an experimental model of complicated bladder infection--in vitro study using automated simulation of urinary antimicrobial concentration]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:7829898 |
Sieber CC et al. | [Helicobacter pylori resistance against metronidazole in Switzerland: implications for eradication therapy?]. | 1994 | Schweiz Med Wochenschr | pmid:8091165 |
Terashima T et al. | Pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium xenopi. | 1994 | Intern. Med. | pmid:8000103 |
Dorrell L et al. | Toxicity of clarithromycin in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a patient with AIDS. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7868416 |
Fish DN et al. | Penetration of clarithromycin into lung tissues from patients undergoing lung resection. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031063 |
Funke G et al. | Development of resistance to macrolide antibiotics in an AIDS patient treated with clarithromycin for Campylobacter jejuni diarrhea. | 1994 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7805694 |
Fujii R et al. | [Clinical studies on clarithromycin dry syrup in the pediatric field. Pediatric Study Group of TE-031 Dry Syrup]. | 1994 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:7807690 |
Ishida K et al. | In vitro and in vivo activities of macrolides against Mycoplasma pneumoniae. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031048 |
Chaisson RE et al. | Clarithromycin therapy for bacteremic Mycobacterium avium complex disease. A randomized, double-blind, dose-ranging study in patients with AIDS. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 157 Study Team. | 1994 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:7978715 |
Goldberger M and Masur H | Clarithromycin therapy for Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with AIDS: potential and problems. | 1994 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:7978725 |
Gelber RH et al. | Minimal bactericidal concentration of clarithromycin against M. leprae. | 1994 | Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. | pmid:8189083 |
Xiong JH et al. | Further study of the effectiveness of single doses of clarithromycin and minocycline against Mycobacterium leprae in mice. | 1994 | Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. | pmid:8189087 |
Paffetti A et al. | [Clarithromycin in pediatric age. Personal experience]. | 1994 | Minerva Pediatr. | pmid:8084327 |
Saran BR et al. | Hypopyon uveitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated for systemic Mycobacterium avium complex infection with rifabutin. | 1994 | Arch. Ophthalmol. | pmid:8085960 |
Ohgaki N | Bacterial biofilm in chronic airway infection. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:8138670 |
Yew WW et al. | Cholestatic hepatitis in a patient who received clarithromycin therapy for a Mycobacterium chelonae lung infection. | 1994 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8086541 |
Yasuda H et al. | Interaction between clarithromycin and biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8141568 |
Zahid MA et al. | Mycobacterium chelonae (M. chelonae subspecies chelonae): report of a patient with a sporotrichoid presentation who was successfully treated with clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin. | 1994 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8086568 |
Uveitis associated with rifabutin therapy. | 1994 | MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. | pmid:8072478 | |
Sano M et al. | [Adaptation study for biofilm of the urinary tract via highly complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using automatic simulator of the urinary antimicrobial agent concentration]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:8089557 |
AIDS patients have a new weapon against MAC infection. | 1994 | RN | pmid:8128150 | |
Labenz J and Stolte M | [Current therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection]. | 1994 | Leber Magen Darm | pmid:8145628 |
Logan RP et al. | Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with clarithromycin and omeprazole. | 1994 | Gut | pmid:8150340 |
Fujii K et al. | In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657, new rifamycin derivatives. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8067748 |
Braegger CP and Nadal D | Clarithromycin and pseudomembranous enterocolitis. | 1994 | Lancet | pmid:7904702 |
Nishimura M et al. | [Therapeutic study on biofilm of the urinary tract using a severely complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using an automatic simulator of urinary antimicrobial agent concentration, and clinical study]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:7909830 |
Labenz J | [Helicobacter pylori therapy with omeprazole and clarithromycin: current status]. | 1994 | Leber Magen Darm | pmid:7968179 |
Oteo JA et al. | Clarithromycin-induced thrombocytopenic purpura. | 1994 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7888564 |
Lazard T et al. | Chloroquine does not enhance the activity of clarithromycin against multiplication of Mycobacterium avium within human macrophages. | 1994 | Tuber. Lung Dis. | pmid:7949074 |
Shafran SD et al. | Uveitis and pseudojaundice during a regimen of clarithromycin, rifabutin, and ethambutol. MAC Study Group of the Canadian HIV Trials Network. | 1994 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:8284019 |
Inderlied CB et al. | Activities of the benzoxazinorifamycin KRM 1648 and ethambutol against Mycobacterium avium complex in vitro and in macrophages. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7986017 |
Bermudez LE et al. | Activity of KRM 1648 alone or in combination with ethambutol or clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium in beige mouse model of disseminated infection. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7986018 |
al-Assi MT et al. | Clarithromycin-amoxycillin therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1994 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:7986970 |
Neri M et al. | Omeprazole, bismuth and clarithromycin in the sequential treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1994 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:7986974 |
[Recent advances in macrolide antibiotics: focused on clarithromycin. Discussion]. | 1994 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:7990251 | |
Wallace RJ et al. | Initial clarithromycin monotherapy for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex lung disease. | 1994 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:8173775 |
Husson RN et al. | Orally administered clarithromycin for the treatment of systemic Mycobacterium avium complex infection in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1994 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8176574 |
Alder J et al. | Treatment of experimental Pneumocystis carinii infection by combination of clarithromycin and sulphamethoxazole. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8182006 |
Tsang KW et al. | The concentrations of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite in sputum of patients with bronchiectasis following single dose oral administration. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8182010 |
Sundberg L and Cederberg A | Penetration of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite into middle ear effusion in children with secretory otitis media. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8182011 |
Bermudez LE et al. | Clarithromycin, dapsone, and a combination of both used to treat or prevent disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7695252 |
Mor N et al. | Effects of clarithromycin and rifabutin alone and in combination on intracellular and extracellular replication of Mycobacterium avium. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7695255 |
Calì G et al. | [Clarithromycin in the treatment of oral infections]. | 1994 | Minerva Stomatol | pmid:7700226 |
Reed PI | The ECP-IM intervention study. | 1994 | Eur. J. Cancer Prev. | pmid:7735056 |
Kodama R et al. | Combination therapy with clarithromycin and sofalcone for eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1994 | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:7735929 |
Klemens SP and Cynamon MH | Intermittent azithromycin for treatment of Mycobacterium avium infection in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7986001 |
[Zeclar, a new antibiotic (clarithromycin 250 mg from Abbott laboratories]. | 1994 | Rev Infirm | pmid:7652424 | |
Spangler SK et al. | Effect of CO2 on susceptibilities of anaerobes to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8192445 |
Jones RN et al. | Validation of NCCLS macrolide (azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin) interpretive criteria for Haemophilus influenzae tested with the Haemophilus test medium. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. | 1994 | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7924221 |
Wolinsky E | Mycobacterium avium strains resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031406 |
Cynamon MH et al. | Comparative activities of azithromycin and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium infection in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7979270 |
Klemens SP and Cynamon MH | Activities of azithromycin and clarithromycin against nontuberculous mycobacteria in beige mice. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7979271 |
Kanatani MS and Guglielmo BJ | The new macrolides. Azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1994 | West. J. Med. | pmid:8128699 |
Antibiotic gets FDA nod for MAC treatment. | 1994 | Am J Nurs | pmid:8304386 | |
Yoshida K et al. | Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the semen of asymptomatic infertile men: detection of the antigen by in situ hybridization. | 1994 | Urol. Int. | pmid:7855940 |
Laing RB et al. | New antimicrobials against Mycobacterium marinum infection. | 1994 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:7857853 |
Spiegl PV and Feiner CM | Mycobacterium phlei infection of the foot: a case report. | 1994 | Foot Ankle Int | pmid:7894643 |
Walker KJ et al. | Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of clarithromycin and 14-hydroxyclarithromycin against three strains of Haemophilus influenzae by using an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7811010 |
Price DA et al. | Clinical response to the addition of clarithromycin in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia refractory to high dose co-trimoxazole. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7814298 |
Tahara RW et al. | The question of clarithromycin: a first-line drug for sinusitis? | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7818657 |
Pustorino S et al. | [Effects of intravenous administration of clarithromycin on plasma levels of gastrin and group I pepsinogen]. | 1994 | Clin Ter | pmid:7820984 |
Alder J et al. | Treatment of experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection by clarithromycin-based combination therapy with minocycline or pyrimethamine. | 1994 | J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. | pmid:7932081 |
Ferrari SL et al. | The interaction between clarithromycin and cyclosporine in kidney transplant recipients. | 1994 | Transplantation | pmid:7940695 |
Tomono K | [Therapeutic efficacy of macrolide in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis]. | 1994 | Kekkaku | pmid:7837727 |
Sanchez T et al. | Quantitation of mycobacteria in blood specimens from patients with AIDS. | 1994 | Tuber. Lung Dis. | pmid:7841433 |
Sungur C | Acute rheumatic fever despite clarithromycin treatment of beta-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillitis. | 1994 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:7841580 |
Maass M and Dalhoff K | [Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atypical pneumonia]. | 1994 | Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. | pmid:7956770 |