clarithromycin is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Clarithromycin is associated with abnormalities such as Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Infection, Coinfection, Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. The involved functions are known as Point Mutation, Increased Sensitivy, Bacterial resistance, urease activity and Mutation. Clarithromycin often locates in Blood, Gastric mucosa, Biopsy sample, Respiratory System and Entire gastrointestinal tract. The associated genes with clarithromycin are Genes, rRNA, rRNA Operon, Genome, HM13 gene and GDF15 gene. The related lipids are 9,11-linoleic acid, Steroids, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Lipopolysaccharides and 4-hydroxycholesterol. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis.
To understand associated biological information of clarithromycin, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
clarithromycin is suspected in Infection, Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Pneumonia, Respiratory Tract Infections, PARKINSON DISEASE, LATE-ONSET, Community acquired pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with clarithromycin
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inflammation provoked by Mycoplasma pneumoniae extract: implications for combination treatment with clarithromycin and dexamethasone.' (Hirao S et al., 2011), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and clarithromycin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected volunteers.' (Hafner R et al., 1998), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Clarithromycin attenuates mastectomy-induced acute inflammatory response.' (Chow LW et al., 2000) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'In vitro and in vivo influence of adjunct clarithromycin on the treatment of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Bui KQ et al., 2000).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Intrinsic macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis is conferred by a novel erm gene, erm(38).' (Nash KA, 2003).
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis are used in the study 'Failure of treatment for chronic Mycobacterium abscessus meningitis despite adequate clarithromycin levels in cerebrospinal fluid.' (Maniu CV et al., 2001).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Ploy MC et al. | [Antibacterial activity of clarithromycin and its hydroxylated derivative and two other macrolides against thirty strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae]. | 1994 | Pathol. Biol. | pmid:7824300 |
Gevaudan MJ et al. | [Evaluation of the extra- and intracellular activity of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium chelonae]. | 1994 | Pathol. Biol. | pmid:7824305 |
Geraci AJ | Empiric antibiotics in sinusitis. | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7921288 |
Rust GS | Multicenter comparison of clarithromycin and amoxicillin. | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7921290 |
Rolinson GN | A clarithromycin sensitivity survey. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7829420 |
Durodie J and Slocombe B | A clarithromycin sensitivity survey. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7829421 |
Sano M et al. | [Inhibition of biofilm formation by clarithromycin (CAM) in an experimental model of complicated bladder infection--in vitro study using automated simulation of urinary antimicrobial concentration]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:7829898 |
Sano M et al. | [Adaptation study for biofilm of the urinary tract via highly complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using automatic simulator of the urinary antimicrobial agent concentration]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:8089557 |
AIDS patients have a new weapon against MAC infection. | 1994 | RN | pmid:8128150 | |
Logan RP et al. | Eradication of Helicobacter pylori with clarithromycin and omeprazole. | 1994 | Gut | pmid:8150340 |
Fujii K et al. | In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of KRM-1648 and KRM-1657, new rifamycin derivatives. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8067748 |
Honeybourne D et al. | The levels of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite in the lung. | 1994 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:7925906 |
Gad A and Unge P | Antibacterial therapy of Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease: a new strategy. The Swedes go for it. | 1994 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7930437 |
Braegger CP and Nadal D | Clarithromycin and pseudomembranous enterocolitis. | 1994 | Lancet | pmid:7904702 |
Nishimura M et al. | [Therapeutic study on biofilm of the urinary tract using a severely complicated bladder model (biofilm model of the urinary tract)--experimental study using an automatic simulator of urinary antimicrobial agent concentration, and clinical study]. | 1994 | Kansenshogaku Zasshi | pmid:7909830 |
Labenz J | [Helicobacter pylori therapy with omeprazole and clarithromycin: current status]. | 1994 | Leber Magen Darm | pmid:7968179 |
Tsang KW et al. | The concentrations of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite in sputum of patients with bronchiectasis following single dose oral administration. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8182010 |
Sundberg L and Cederberg A | Penetration of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite into middle ear effusion in children with secretory otitis media. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8182011 |
Antibiotic gets FDA nod for MAC treatment. | 1994 | Am J Nurs | pmid:8304386 | |
Laing RB et al. | New antimicrobials against Mycobacterium marinum infection. | 1994 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:7857853 |
Spiegl PV and Feiner CM | Mycobacterium phlei infection of the foot: a case report. | 1994 | Foot Ankle Int | pmid:7894643 |
Walker KJ et al. | Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of clarithromycin and 14-hydroxyclarithromycin against three strains of Haemophilus influenzae by using an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. | 1994 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7811010 |
Price DA et al. | Clinical response to the addition of clarithromycin in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia refractory to high dose co-trimoxazole. | 1994 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7814298 |
Tahara RW et al. | The question of clarithromycin: a first-line drug for sinusitis? | 1994 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:7818657 |
Pustorino S et al. | [Effects of intravenous administration of clarithromycin on plasma levels of gastrin and group I pepsinogen]. | 1994 | Clin Ter | pmid:7820984 |
Wüst J and Hardegger U | Penetration of clarithromycin into human saliva. | 1993 Sep-Oct | Chemotherapy | pmid:8370320 |
Scaglione F et al. | A new model examining intracellular and extracellular activity of amoxicillin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin in infected cells. | 1993 Nov-Dec | Chemotherapy | pmid:8222870 |
Ohmori S et al. | Effects of clarithromycin and its metabolites on the mixed function oxidase system in hepatic microsomes of rats. | 1993 Mar-Apr | Drug Metab. Dispos. | pmid:8097709 |
Wallace RJ et al. | Drug intolerance to high-dose clarithromycin among elderly patients. | 1993 Mar-Apr | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8477575 |
Adam D | Clarithromycin 250 mg b.i.d. for 5 or 10 days in the treatment of adult patients with purulent bronchitis. | 1993 Jul-Aug | Infection | pmid:8225636 |
Coles SJ et al. | A comparative study of clarithromycin and amoxycillin suspensions in the treatment of pediatric patients with acute otitis media. | 1993 Jul-Aug | Infection | pmid:8225637 |
Miller CA | Infections, resistant microbes, and older adults. | 1993 Jan-Feb | Geriatr Nurs | pmid:8383085 |
Ritchie DJ et al. | In vitro activity of clarithromycin, cefprozil, and other common oral antimicrobial agents against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. | 1993 Jan-Feb | Clin Ther | pmid:8458040 |
Albani F et al. | Clarithromycin-carbamazepine interaction: a case report. | 1993 Jan-Feb | Epilepsia | pmid:8422851 |
Sader HS et al. | In vitro activity of cefpodoxime compared with other oral cephalosporins tested against 5556 recent clinical isolates from five medical centers. | 1993 Aug-Sep | Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8243035 |
De Wit S et al. | Acquired resistance to clarithromycin as combined therapy in Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection. | 1993 | Lancet | pmid:8093299 |
Maurin M and Raoult D | In vitro susceptibilities of spotted fever group rickettsiae and Coxiella burnetti to clarithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8109928 |
Clarithromycin effectively treats infection in AIDS patients. | 1993 | Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) | pmid:8512782 | |
Clark JA and Margolis DM | A cutaneous lesion in a patient with AIDS: an unusual presentation of infection due to Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1993 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8513064 |
Alba D et al. | [Clarithromycin in the treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis associated with HIV infection]. | 1993 | Rev Clin Esp | pmid:8516514 |
Alder J et al. | Clarithromycin therapy of experimental Treponema pallidum infections in hamsters. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8494384 |
Humphreys JE et al. | A clarithromycin sensitivity survey in the United Kingdom using Stokes' method. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8226438 |
Franck N et al. | Treatment of Mycobacterium chelonae-induced skin infection with clarithromycin. | 1993 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:8496448 |
Scaglione F et al. | Immunostimulation by clarithromycin in healthy volunteers and chronic bronchitis patients. | 1993 | J Chemother | pmid:8229150 |
Tomioka H et al. | [In vitro antimycobacterial activity of clarithromycin and its therapeutic efficacy against Mycobacterium intracellulare infection induced in mice]. | 1993 | Kekkaku | pmid:8497119 |
Monteforte JS and Wood CA | Pneumonia caused by Nocardia nova and Aspergillus fumigatus after cardiac transplantation. | 1993 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8500477 |
Andrews J and Wise R | Disk susceptibility testing for clarithromycin. | 1993 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8187799 |
Calhoun KH and Hokanson JA | Multicenter comparison of clarithromycin and amoxicillin in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. | 1993 | Arch Fam Med | pmid:8111512 |
Saint-Marc T et al. | [Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections. Treatment with a clarithromycin-clofazimine combination. 18 cases]. | 1993 | Presse Med | pmid:8121903 |
Hakkarinen WD | Clarithromycin vs penicillin. | 1993 | J Fam Pract | pmid:8482929 |
Akiyama H et al. | Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus cells and silk threads in vitro and in mouse skin. | 1993 | J. Dermatol. Sci. | pmid:8136322 |
Luger SW | Clarithromycin vs penicillin. | 1993 | J Fam Pract | pmid:8482930 |
Granier H et al. | [Mycobacterium chelonei arthritis in an immunosuppressed patient. Efficacy of the treatment with clarithromycin]. | 1993 | Ann Med Interne (Paris) | pmid:8141516 |
MacGowan AR et al. | Synergy testing of macrolide combinations using the chequerboard technique. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8144439 |
Dautzenberg B et al. | Clarithromycin and other antimicrobial agents in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1993 | Arch. Intern. Med. | pmid:8427539 |
Alder J et al. | Efficacy of clarithromycin for treatment of experimental Lyme disease in vivo. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8328782 |
Mor N and Heifets L | Inhibition of intracellular growth of Mycobacterium avium by one pulsed exposure of infected macrophages to clarithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8328792 |
Helm CJ et al. | Comparison of topical antibiotics for treating Mycobacterium fortuitum keratitis in an animal model. | 1993 | Am. J. Ophthalmol. | pmid:8250072 |
Green PA et al. | Mycobacterium avium complex parotid lymphadenitis: successful therapy with clarithromycin and ethambutol. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8346008 |
Pialoux G et al. | Combination antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin for human immunodeficiency virus-associated Rhodococcus equi infection. | 1993 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8218702 |
Foltzer MA et al. | Bronchopulmonary bacillary angiomatosis. | 1993 | Chest | pmid:8365330 |
Fraschini F et al. | Clarithromycin clinical pharmacokinetics. | 1993 | Clin Pharmacokinet | pmid:8222460 |
Neu HC and Chick TW | Efficacy and safety of clarithromycin compared to cefixime as outpatient treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. | 1993 | Chest | pmid:8222794 |
Sedlmayr T et al. | [Clarithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. Effectiveness in puerperal infections and pharmacokinetics in breast milk]. | 1993 | Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd | pmid:8370491 |
Kodama R et al. | [Eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal ulcer and its long-term course]. | 1993 | Nippon Rinsho | pmid:8283646 |
Ji B et al. | Powerful bactericidal activities of clarithromycin and minocycline against Mycobacterium leprae in lepromatous leprosy. | 1993 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8257487 |
Scaglione F et al. | The postantibiotic effect of clarithromycin and its major human metabolite, 14-hydroxy clarithromycin. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8262876 |
Guay DR and Craft JC | Overview of the pharmacology of clarithromycin suspension in children and a comparison with that in adults. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295810 |
Hebert AA et al. | Comparative safety and efficacy of clarithromycin and cefadroxil suspensions in the treatment of mild to moderate skin and skin structure infections in children. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295811 |
Pukander JS et al. | Clarithromycin vs. amoxicillin suspensions in the treatment of pediatric patients with acute otitis media. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295812 |
McCarty JM et al. | Comparative safety and efficacy of clarithromycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295813 |
Gooch WM et al. | Clarithromycin and cefaclor suspensions in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295814 |
Still JG et al. | Comparison of clarithromycin and penicillin VK suspensions in the treatment of children with streptococcal pharyngitis and review of currently available alternative antibiotic therapies. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295815 |
Craft JC and Siepman N | Overview of the safety profile of clarithromycin suspension in pediatric patients. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295816 |
Klein JO | Clarithromycin: where do we go from here? | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295817 |
Hardy DJ | Extent and spectrum of the antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295818 |
Dubois J et al. | Efficacy of clarithromycin vs. amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. | 1993 | Ear Nose Throat J | pmid:8313865 |
Nasu M | [Helicobacter pylori infections]. | 1993 | Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:8315343 |
Gevaudan MJ et al. | In-vitro evaluation of clarithromycin, temafloxacin, and ethambutol in combination against Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8392998 |
Wallace RJ et al. | Clinical trial of clarithromycin for cutaneous (disseminated) infection due to Mycobacterium chelonae. | 1993 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:8357113 |
Wettengel R et al. | Clarithromycin versus cefaclor for the treatment of mild-to-moderate acute bacterial bronchitis. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8360133 |
Nakashio S et al. | [Antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin and its effect on bacterial adherence to medical material]. | 1993 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:8360978 |
Lonks JR and Medeiros AA | High rate of erythromycin and clarithromycin resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from blood cultures from Providence, R.I. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8239578 |
Mor N and Heifets L | MICs and MBCs of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium within human macrophages. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8431006 |
Klopman G et al. | Anti-Mycobacterium avium activity of quinolones: in vitro activities. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8239587 |
Tomioka H et al. | In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648, against Mycobacterium avium complex, determined by the radiometric method. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8431020 |
Chu SY et al. | Effect of moderate or severe hepatic impairment on clarithromycin pharmacokinetics. | 1993 | J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:8331208 |
Graham DY et al. | Clarithromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1993 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:8331260 |
Esvant H et al. | [Primary prophylaxis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS with clarithromycin]. | 1993 | Presse Med | pmid:8337221 |
Lederer J et al. | Clarithromycin treatment of posttraumatic Mycobacterium fortuitum wound infection. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8414785 |
de Vega T et al. | Clarithromycin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis. | 1993 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8404922 |
Chu S et al. | Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin, a new macrolide antimicrobial. | 1993 | J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:8408732 |
Dever LL et al. | Comparative in vitro activities of clarithromycin, azithromycin, and erythromycin against Borrelia burgdorferi. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8215288 |
Barradell LB et al. | Clarithromycin. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | 1993 | Drugs | pmid:7691518 |
Mazzei T et al. | Chemistry and mode of action of macrolides. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7683018 |
Lazard T et al. | Efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and RU-40555 in combination with clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in C57BL/6 mice. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7684213 |
Emori M et al. | Therapeutic efficacy of the benzoxazinorifamycin KRM-1648 against experimental Mycobacterium avium infection induced in rabbits. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7684214 |
Heifets L et al. | Mycobacterium avium strains resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031351 |
Fass RJ | Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: use of frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8257127 |
Watanabe Y et al. | Chemical modification of erythromycins. XII. A facile synthesis of clarithromycin (6-O-methylerythromycin A) via 2'-silylethers of erythromycin A derivatives. | 1993 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:8360112 |