clarithromycin is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Clarithromycin is associated with abnormalities such as Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Infection, Coinfection, Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. The involved functions are known as Point Mutation, Increased Sensitivy, Bacterial resistance, urease activity and Mutation. Clarithromycin often locates in Blood, Gastric mucosa, Biopsy sample, Respiratory System and Entire gastrointestinal tract. The associated genes with clarithromycin are Genes, rRNA, rRNA Operon, Genome, HM13 gene and GDF15 gene. The related lipids are 9,11-linoleic acid, Steroids, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Lipopolysaccharides and 4-hydroxycholesterol. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis.
To understand associated biological information of clarithromycin, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
clarithromycin is suspected in Infection, Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Pneumonia, Respiratory Tract Infections, PARKINSON DISEASE, LATE-ONSET, Community acquired pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with clarithromycin
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inflammation provoked by Mycoplasma pneumoniae extract: implications for combination treatment with clarithromycin and dexamethasone.' (Hirao S et al., 2011), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and clarithromycin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected volunteers.' (Hafner R et al., 1998), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Clarithromycin attenuates mastectomy-induced acute inflammatory response.' (Chow LW et al., 2000) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'In vitro and in vivo influence of adjunct clarithromycin on the treatment of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Bui KQ et al., 2000).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Intrinsic macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis is conferred by a novel erm gene, erm(38).' (Nash KA, 2003).
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis are used in the study 'Failure of treatment for chronic Mycobacterium abscessus meningitis despite adequate clarithromycin levels in cerebrospinal fluid.' (Maniu CV et al., 2001).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Labenz J et al. | One-week low-dose triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1995 | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:7866820 |
Block S et al. | Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: comparative efficacy and safety of clarithromycin vs. erythromycin ethylsuccinate. | 1995 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:7667050 |
Nash KA and Inderlied CB | Genetic basis of macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium avium isolated from patients with disseminated disease. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8592991 |
Klapper SR et al. | Atypical mycobacterial infection of the orbit. | 1995 | Ophthalmology | pmid:9097803 |
Savarino V et al. | What is the meaning of ranitidine in successful triple-therapy against Helicobacter pylori infection? | 1995 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:8540537 |
Gustavson LE et al. | Effect of omeprazole on concentrations of clarithromycin in plasma and gastric tissue at steady state. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8540719 |
Ostroff SM et al. | Preventing disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1995 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8547516 |
Odagiri S | Levofloxacin in patients with severe respiratory tract infection. | 1995 | Drugs | pmid:8549387 |
Logan RP et al. | Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and prevention of recurrence of duodenal ulcer: a randomized, double-blind, multi-centre trial of omeprazole with or without clarithromycin. | 1995 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8527618 |
Gill CJ et al. | In vivo evaluation of three acid-stable azalide compounds, L-701,677, L-708,299 and L-708,365 compared to erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1995 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:7490222 |
Gelber RH | Successful treatment of a lepromatous patient with clarithromycin. | 1995 | Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. | pmid:7730711 |
Englishby VL | Case reports of death associated with pseudomembranous colitis and clarithromycin. | 1995 | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:7496875 |
Schepp W | [Omeprazole + clarithromycin + metronidazole--a new standard for eradication of Helicobacter pylori]. | 1995 | Z Gastroenterol | pmid:7502558 |
Widgerow AD et al. | Atypical Mycobacterium and breast surgery. | 1995 | Ann Plast Surg | pmid:7486746 |
Tamaoki J et al. | Effect of clarithromycin on sputum production and its rheological properties in chronic respiratory tract infections. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7486901 |
Mushatt DM and Witzig RS | Successful treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus infections with multidrug regimens containing clarithromycin. | 1995 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7620048 |
Vance E et al. | Pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and zidovudine in patients with AIDS. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7574530 |
Singh N and Yu VL | Clarithromycin therapy for Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia. | 1995 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:7632282 |
Michałowska-Mitczuk D | [Patients with chronic sputum positive tuberculosis-a therapeutic problem]. | 1995 | Pneumonol Alergol Pol | pmid:7633360 |
Colizza DF | Pertussis update. | 1995 | J Sch Health | pmid:7637337 |
de Boer WA and Tytgat GN | The best therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: should efficacy or side-effect profile determine our choice? | 1995 | Scand. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7638563 |
Takimoto T et al. | Efficacy of lansoprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1995 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7594327 |
Lacassin F et al. | Clarithromycin-minocycline combination as salvage therapy for toxoplasmosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7695324 |
Labenz J and Börsch G | Toward an optimal treatment of Helicobacter pylori-positive peptic ulcers. | 1995 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7733070 |
Metz DC and Getz HD | Helicobacter pylori gastritis therapy with omeprazole and clarithromycin increases serum carbamazepine levels. | 1995 | Dig. Dis. Sci. | pmid:7720489 |
Cahill RJ et al. | Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastric epithelial cell proliferation. | 1995 | Dig. Dis. Sci. | pmid:7648960 |
Dautzenberg B et al. | Clarithromycin in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium lung infections in patients without AIDS. Clarithromycin Study Group of France. | 1995 | Chest | pmid:7705112 |
Schlossberg D | Azithromycin and clarithromycin. | 1995 | Med. Clin. North Am. | pmid:7791424 |
Gross RH et al. | Corneal pharmacokinetics of topical clarithromycin. | 1995 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:7706046 |
Frotz H et al. | [Ranitidine and clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer]. | 1995 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:7710445 |
Luna-Herrera J et al. | Antituberculosis activity of clarithromycin. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8593004 |
Atkinson BA et al. | Treatment of Mycobacterium haemophilum infection in a murine model with clarithromycin, rifabutin, and ciprofloxacin. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8619588 |
Ford A et al. | Clarithromycin-induced digoxin toxicity in a patient with AIDS. | 1995 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8645810 |
Gidoh M and Saito H | [Present status of studies on antileprosy drugs]. | 1995 | Nihon Rai Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:8582877 |
Gioulekas J and Hall A | Uveitis associated with rifabutin therapy. | 1995 | Aust N Z J Ophthalmol | pmid:11980079 |
Piersimoni C et al. | Activity of seven antimicrobial agents, alone and in combination, against AIDS-associated isolates of Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1995 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8830013 |
Reid R et al. | Pneumococcal meningitis during therapy of otitis media with clarithromycin. | 1995 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8786899 |
Van Asselt GJ et al. | Susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes to azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and roxithromycin in vitro. | 1995 | J. Med. Microbiol. | pmid:7563004 |
Parasakthi N and Goh KL | Primary and acquired resistance to clarithromycin among Helicobacter pylori strains in Malaysia. | 1995 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7872306 |
Kadayifçi A et al. | Low dose clarithromycin plus omeprazole eradicates Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer disease. | 1995 | Am. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:7872307 |
Clarithromycin for MAC. | 1995 | AIDS Patient Care | pmid:11361361 | |
Wallace RJ et al. | Reduced serum levels of clarithromycin in patients treated with multidrug regimens including rifampin or rifabutin for Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare infection. | 1995 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:7876634 |
Moorthy RS and Rao NA | Atypical mycobacterial wound infection after blepharoplasty. | 1995 | Br J Ophthalmol | pmid:7880802 |
Yoshizawa A et al. | [Legionella pneumonia diagnosed by urinary antigen detection]. | 1995 | Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:7791279 |
Lounis N et al. | Selection of clarithromycin-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex during combined therapy using the beige mouse model. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7793860 |
Fattorini L et al. | In vitro and ex vivo activities of antimicrobial agents used in combination with clarithromycin, with or without amikacin, against Mycobacterium avium. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7793873 |
Cohen Y et al. | Use of normal C57BL/6 mice with established Mycobacterium avium infections as an alternative model for evaluation of antibiotic activity. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7793882 |
Furney SK et al. | Activities of rifabutin, clarithromycin, and ethambutol against two virulent strains of Mycobacterium avium in a mouse model. | 1995 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7793895 |
Claussen DW | The most commonly prescribed medications in the United States: Part 3. | 1995 Jul-Aug | Gastroenterol Nurs | pmid:7654815 |
Hashisaki GT | Update on macrolide antibiotics. | 1995 May-Jun | Am J Otolaryngol | pmid:7661309 |
Kees F et al. | Serum and cellular pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin 500 mg q.d. and 250 mg b.i.d. in volunteers. | 1995 May-Jun | Infection | pmid:7499006 |
Sternon J et al. | Azithromycin compared with clarithromycin in the treatment of adult patients with acute purulent tracheobronchitis: a cost of illness study. | 1995 Nov-Dec | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:8746608 |
Stein GE et al. | A preliminary study of clarithromycin versus doxycycline in the treatment of nongonococcal urethritis and mucopurulent cervicitis. | 1995 Nov-Dec | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:8602379 |
Dalston MO et al. | [Clarithromycin combined with pyrimethamine in cerebral toxoplasmosis--a report of 2 cases]. | 1995 Oct-Dec | Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. | pmid:8668843 |
Pinzani V et al. | [Occurrence of anterior uveitis in a HIV patient treated with rifabutin, ethambutol, clarithromycin]. | 1995 Sep-Oct | Therapie | pmid:8571297 |
Frothingham R | Clarithromycin treatment for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex lung disease. | 1996 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:8665069 |
Treille S et al. | Kidney graft dysfunction after drug interaction between clarithromycin and cyclosporin. | 1996 | Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. | pmid:8672003 |
Araki J et al. | [A case of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome]. | 1996 | Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:8708483 |
Lowe SH et al. | Uveitis during treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex infection with the combination of rifabutin, clarithromycin and ethambutol. | 1996 | Neth J Med | pmid:8710040 |
Vasquez A et al. | Metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori determined by measuring MICs of antimicrobial agents in color indicator egg yolk agar in a miniwell format. The Gastrointestinal Physiology Working Group of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia and the Johns Hopkins University. | 1996 | J. Clin. Microbiol. | pmid:8727909 |
Craig AM et al. | Decision analysis of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy using omeprazole with either clarithromycin or amoxicillin. | 1996 | Pharmacoeconomics | pmid:10160472 |
[Management of atypical Mycobacterium infections in AIDS-patients]. | 1996 | Internist (Berl) | pmid:9131082 | |
Hunt Gerardo S et al. | Comparison of Etest to broth microdilution method for testing Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptibility to levofloxacin and three macrolides. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8891154 |
Wintermeyer SM et al. | Dirithromycin: a new macrolide. | 1996 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:8893122 |
Tanaka E | [Pilot studies on the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease--new macrolides and new quinolones. (2) Multi-drug chemotherapy for initial cases on trial]. | 1996 | Kekkaku | pmid:8999140 |
Bock H and Mares A | [Good results with Helicobacter pylori eradication for treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia]. | 1996 | Leber Magen Darm | pmid:9005302 |
Tursi A et al. | Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of four different therapeutic regimens for the Helicobacter pylori eradication. | 1996 | Panminerva Med | pmid:9009677 |
MacFarlane JT et al. | Comparison of amoxycillin and clarithromycin as initial treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. | 1996 | Br J Gen Pract | pmid:8983255 |
Kuo CC et al. | In vitro activities of azithromycin, clarithromycin, and other antibiotics against Chlamydia pneumoniae. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8913488 |
Aoyama T et al. | Efficacy of short-term treatment of pertussis with clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1996 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8917247 |
Kelleher P et al. | Uveitis associated with rifabutin and macrolide therapy for Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection in AIDS patients. | 1996 | Genitourin Med | pmid:9038637 |
Sjöström JE and Larsson H | Factors affecting growth and antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori: effect of pH and urea on the survival of a wild-type strain and a urease-deficient mutant. | 1996 | J. Med. Microbiol. | pmid:8636959 |
Clarithromycin and omeprazole for Helicobacter pylori. | 1996 | Med Lett Drugs Ther | pmid:8637481 | |
Asnis DS et al. | Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex pneumonia in a non-HIV-infected individual: an increasingly recognized disease. | 1996 | South. Med. J. | pmid:8638183 |
Goh KL et al. | Helicobacter pylori eradication with short-term therapy leads to duodenal ulcer healing without the need for continued acid suppression therapy. | 1996 | Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol | pmid:8804868 |
Berger C et al. | Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis with clarithromycin plus rifabutin. | 1996 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:8774511 |
Sito E et al. | One week treatment with omeprazole, clarithromycin and tinidazole or lansoprazole, amoxicillin and metronidazole for cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in duodenal ulcer patients. | 1996 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:8777303 |
Gabryelewicz A | Critical evaluation of the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1996 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:8777307 |
Deltenre M et al. | Strategies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in 1995: a review of international and Belgian experience. | 1996 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:8777308 |
Roesch W | Cost-effectiveness of H. pylori eradication. | 1996 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:8777309 |
Plemmons RM et al. | Otitis media and mastoiditis due to Mycobacterium fortuitum: case report, review of four cases, and a cautionary note. | 1996 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8783722 |
Nagashima R et al. | Regression of duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1996 | Gastroenterology | pmid:8942749 |
Ferguson PJ and Saulsbury FT | Successful treatment of chronic Mycobacterium abscessus otitis media with clarithromycin. | 1996 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8866816 |
Giacometti A et al. | In-vitro activity of macrolides alone and in combination with artemisin, atovaquone, dapsone, minocycline or pyrimethamine against Cryptosporidium parvum. | 1996 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8889715 |
Three new studies expand understanding of MAC therapy. | 1996 | Am J Health Syst Pharm | pmid:8899122 | |
Tracy TS and Johns M | Comment: delirium probably induced by clarithromycin in a patient receiving fluoxetine. | 1996 | Ann Pharmacother | pmid:8893135 |
Ghebremichael S et al. | Antimycobacterial synergism of clarithromycin and rifabutin. | 1996 | Scand. J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8893404 |
Yousfi MM et al. | Metronidazole, ranitidine and clarithromycin combination for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection (modified Bazzoli's triple therapy). | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8871452 |
Fisher M et al. | The management of mycobacterial infections in HIV seropositive individuals. Jefferiss Wing Therapeutics and Protocols Group. | 1996 | Int J STD AIDS | pmid:8876354 |
Delchier JC et al. | Omeprazole-amoxycillin versus omeprazole-amoxycillin-clarithromycin in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8791948 |
Jaup BH and Norrby A | Comparison of two low-dose one-week triple therapy regimens with and without metronidazole for cure of H. pylori infection. | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8791950 |
Weldon MJ et al. | A seven-day Helicobacter pylori treatment regimen using clarithromycin, omeprazole and tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate. | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8791951 |
Tursi A et al. | Low-dose omeprazole plus clarithromycin and either tinidazole or amoxycillin for Helicobacter pylori infection. | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8791952 |
Pierce M et al. | A randomized trial of clarithromycin as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1996 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:8663871 |
Rastogi N et al. | In vitro activities of fourteen antimicrobial agents against drug susceptible and resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparative intracellular activities against the virulent H37Rv strain in human macrophages. | 1996 | Curr. Microbiol. | pmid:8672093 |
Blomgren K and Alván G | [New guidelines from the Medical Products Agency: the triple regime against Helicobacter pylori is necessary. Treat only if the ulcer is verified]. | 1996 | Lakartidningen | pmid:8656812 |
Laine L et al. | Randomized comparison of differing periods of twice-a-day triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1996 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:8971306 |
Naoki K et al. | [Two cases of pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus]. | 1996 | Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:8976085 |
Iwata M et al. | [Bronchiolitis obliterans preceding rheumatoid arthritis: effect of clarithromycin]. | 1996 | Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:8976086 |
Patel KB et al. | Comparison of bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1996 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8891147 |