clarithromycin is a lipid of Polyketides (PK) class. Clarithromycin is associated with abnormalities such as Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Infection, Coinfection, Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer. The involved functions are known as Point Mutation, Increased Sensitivy, Bacterial resistance, urease activity and Mutation. Clarithromycin often locates in Blood, Gastric mucosa, Biopsy sample, Respiratory System and Entire gastrointestinal tract. The associated genes with clarithromycin are Genes, rRNA, rRNA Operon, Genome, HM13 gene and GDF15 gene. The related lipids are 9,11-linoleic acid, Steroids, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Lipopolysaccharides and 4-hydroxycholesterol. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis.
To understand associated biological information of clarithromycin, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
clarithromycin is suspected in Infection, Helicobacter Pylori Infection, Pneumonia, Respiratory Tract Infections, PARKINSON DISEASE, LATE-ONSET, Community acquired pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with clarithromycin
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Inflammation provoked by Mycoplasma pneumoniae extract: implications for combination treatment with clarithromycin and dexamethasone.' (Hirao S et al., 2011), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Tolerance and pharmacokinetic interactions of rifabutin and clarithromycin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected volunteers.' (Hafner R et al., 1998), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Clarithromycin attenuates mastectomy-induced acute inflammatory response.' (Chow LW et al., 2000) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'In vitro and in vivo influence of adjunct clarithromycin on the treatment of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa.' (Bui KQ et al., 2000).
Knock-out are used in the study 'Intrinsic macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis is conferred by a novel erm gene, erm(38).' (Nash KA, 2003).
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis are used in the study 'Failure of treatment for chronic Mycobacterium abscessus meningitis despite adequate clarithromycin levels in cerebrospinal fluid.' (Maniu CV et al., 2001).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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De Wit S et al. | Acquired resistance to clarithromycin as combined therapy in Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection. | 1993 | Lancet | pmid:8093299 |
Maurin M and Raoult D | In vitro susceptibilities of spotted fever group rickettsiae and Coxiella burnetti to clarithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8109928 |
Parish LC | Clarithromycin in the treatment of skin and skin structure infections: two multicenter clinical studies. Clarithromycin Study Group. | 1993 | Int. J. Dermatol. | pmid:8340194 |
Tomioka H et al. | [In vitro antimycobacterial activity of clarithromycin and its therapeutic efficacy against Mycobacterium intracellulare infection induced in mice]. | 1993 | Kekkaku | pmid:8497119 |
Monteforte JS and Wood CA | Pneumonia caused by Nocardia nova and Aspergillus fumigatus after cardiac transplantation. | 1993 | Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8500477 |
Hakkarinen WD | Clarithromycin vs penicillin. | 1993 | J Fam Pract | pmid:8482929 |
Luger SW | Clarithromycin vs penicillin. | 1993 | J Fam Pract | pmid:8482930 |
Vaara M | Outer membrane permeability barrier to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin in gram-negative enteric bacteria. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8383945 |
Romand S et al. | In vitro and in vivo activities of the hydroxynaphthoquinone atovaquone alone or combined with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, clarithromycin, or minocycline against Toxoplasma gondii. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8285620 |
Schmidt T et al. | Clarithromycin lacks bactericidal activity in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8288505 |
Dautzenberg B et al. | Clarithromycin and other antimicrobial agents in the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1993 | Arch. Intern. Med. | pmid:8427539 |
Walker LL et al. | Clarithromycin is bactericidal against strains of Mycobacterium leprae resistant and susceptible to dapsone and rifampin. | 1993 | Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis. | pmid:8326182 |
Alder J et al. | Efficacy of clarithromycin for treatment of experimental Lyme disease in vivo. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8328782 |
Mor N and Heifets L | Inhibition of intracellular growth of Mycobacterium avium by one pulsed exposure of infected macrophages to clarithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8328792 |
Lazard T et al. | Clarithromycin, minocycline, and rifabutin treatments before and after infection of C57BL/6 mice with Mycobacterium avium. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8215285 |
Helm CJ et al. | Comparison of topical antibiotics for treating Mycobacterium fortuitum keratitis in an animal model. | 1993 | Am. J. Ophthalmol. | pmid:8250072 |
Green PA et al. | Mycobacterium avium complex parotid lymphadenitis: successful therapy with clarithromycin and ethambutol. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8346008 |
Pialoux G et al. | Combination antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin for human immunodeficiency virus-associated Rhodococcus equi infection. | 1993 | Clin. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8218702 |
Fraschini F et al. | Clarithromycin clinical pharmacokinetics. | 1993 | Clin Pharmacokinet | pmid:8222460 |
Neu HC and Chick TW | Efficacy and safety of clarithromycin compared to cefixime as outpatient treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. | 1993 | Chest | pmid:8222794 |
Kodama R et al. | [Eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal ulcer and its long-term course]. | 1993 | Nippon Rinsho | pmid:8283646 |
Chien SM et al. | Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized study comparing clarithromycin with erythromycin. Canada-Sweden Clarithromycin-Pneumonia Study Group. | 1993 | Chest | pmid:8449054 |
Ji B et al. | Powerful bactericidal activities of clarithromycin and minocycline against Mycobacterium leprae in lepromatous leprosy. | 1993 | J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8257487 |
Scaglione F et al. | The postantibiotic effect of clarithromycin and its major human metabolite, 14-hydroxy clarithromycin. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8262876 |
Guay DR and Craft JC | Overview of the pharmacology of clarithromycin suspension in children and a comparison with that in adults. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8295810 |
Watanabe Y et al. | Chemical modification of erythromycins. IX. Selective methylation at the C-6 hydroxyl group of erythromycin A oxime derivatives and preparation of clarithromycin. | 1993 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:8501007 |
Roig J et al. | Treatment of Legionnaires' disease. Current recommendations. | 1993 | Drugs | pmid:7691508 |
Hoffner SE et al. | Susceptibility of Mycobacterium malmoense to antibacterial drugs and drug combinations. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8392308 |
Gevaudan MJ et al. | In-vitro evaluation of clarithromycin, temafloxacin, and ethambutol in combination against Mycobacterium avium complex. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8392998 |
Wallace RJ et al. | Clinical trial of clarithromycin for cutaneous (disseminated) infection due to Mycobacterium chelonae. | 1993 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:8357113 |
Wettengel R et al. | Clarithromycin versus cefaclor for the treatment of mild-to-moderate acute bacterial bronchitis. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8360133 |
Nakashio S et al. | [Antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin and its effect on bacterial adherence to medical material]. | 1993 | Jpn J Antibiot | pmid:8360978 |
Lonks JR and Medeiros AA | High rate of erythromycin and clarithromycin resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from blood cultures from Providence, R.I. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8239578 |
Mor N and Heifets L | MICs and MBCs of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium within human macrophages. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8431006 |
Klopman G et al. | Anti-Mycobacterium avium activity of quinolones: in vitro activities. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8239587 |
Tomioka H et al. | In vitro antimicrobial activity of benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648, against Mycobacterium avium complex, determined by the radiometric method. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8431020 |
Chu SY et al. | Effect of moderate or severe hepatic impairment on clarithromycin pharmacokinetics. | 1993 | J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:8331208 |
Graham DY et al. | Clarithromycin for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. | 1993 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:8331260 |
Esvant H et al. | [Primary prophylaxis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS with clarithromycin]. | 1993 | Presse Med | pmid:8337221 |
Lederer J et al. | Clarithromycin treatment of posttraumatic Mycobacterium fortuitum wound infection. | 1993 | Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. | pmid:8414785 |
Dever LL et al. | Comparative in vitro activities of clarithromycin, azithromycin, and erythromycin against Borrelia burgdorferi. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8215288 |
Mazzei T et al. | Chemistry and mode of action of macrolides. | 1993 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:7683018 |
Lazard T et al. | Efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and RU-40555 in combination with clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in C57BL/6 mice. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7684213 |
Emori M et al. | Therapeutic efficacy of the benzoxazinorifamycin KRM-1648 against experimental Mycobacterium avium infection induced in rabbits. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:7684214 |
Heifets L et al. | Mycobacterium avium strains resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8031351 |
Fass RJ | Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: use of frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8257127 |
Holdcroft C | Two new macrolide antibiotics: clarithromycin and azithromycin. | 1993 | Nurse Pract | pmid:8380492 |
Dempsey CL et al. | Drug usage evaluation: clarithromycin as sequential therapy. | 1993 | Hosp Formul | pmid:10130382 |
Goldstein EJ and Citron DM | Comparative susceptibilities of 173 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates to sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, clarithromycin, and older agents. | 1993 | Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. | pmid:8390810 |
Watanabe Y et al. | Chemical modification of erythromycins. XII. A facile synthesis of clarithromycin (6-O-methylerythromycin A) via 2'-silylethers of erythromycin A derivatives. | 1993 | J. Antibiot. | pmid:8360112 |