Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Andersen HB et al. | Comparison of short term in vitro cultured human mast cells from different progenitors - Peripheral blood-derived progenitors generate highly mature and functional mast cells. | 2008 | J. Immunol. Methods | pmid:18538784 |
Le Mée S et al. | 7beta-Hydroxy-epiandrosterone-mediated regulation of the prostaglandin synthesis pathway in human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2008 | Steroids | pmid:18555503 |
Yamamoto Y et al. | Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) during liver regeneration in rats. | 2008 | J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. | pmid:18565023 |
Moniot B et al. | Male specific expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (cPTGDS) during chicken gonadal differentiation: relationship with cSOX9. | 2008 | Sex Dev | pmid:18577876 |
Amir-Moazami O et al. | Phospholipid scramblase 1 modulates a selected set of IgE receptor-mediated mast cell responses through LAT-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18579528 |
Maruyama T et al. | Prostaglandin D(2) induces contraction via thromboxane A(2) receptor in rat liver myofibroblasts. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18586024 |
Crivellari MT et al. | Eicosanoid release and mepyramine, LTC4 and LTD4 binding in passively sensitized human lung parenchyma in vitro. | 1991 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1859453 |
Bruck R et al. | Additive inhibitory effect of experimentally induced hepatic cirrhosis by agonists of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma and retinoic acid receptor. | 2009 | Dig. Dis. Sci. | pmid:18594976 |
Panzer U et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits INF-gamma-induced JAK/STAT1 signalling pathway activation and IP-10/CXCL10 expression in mesangial cells. | 2008 | Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. | pmid:18596134 |
Moon TC and Befus AD | Exogenous nitric oxide regulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin D(2) generation through p38 MAPK in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | 2008 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:18598759 |
Kim HY et al. | Upregulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-10 by prostaglandin A1 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | 2008 | J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. | pmid:18600064 |
Ryan AJ et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 impairs phosphatidylcholine synthesis and induces nuclear accumulation of thiol-modified cytidylyltransferase. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18614529 |
Ulivi V et al. | 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits the synthesis of the acute phase protein SIP24 in cartilage: Involvement of COX-2 in resolution of inflammation. | 2008 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:18615580 |
Ragolia L et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D(2) synthase stimulates glucose transport via enhanced GLUT4 translocation. | 2008 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:18619553 |
Moreira V et al. | Secretory phospholipases A(2) isolated from Bothrops asper and from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venoms induce distinct mechanisms for biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and D2 and expression of cyclooxygenases. | 2008 | Toxicon | pmid:18619987 |
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Butterfield JH and Weiler CR | Prevention of mast cell activation disorder-associated clinical sequelae of excessive prostaglandin D(2) production. | 2008 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:18622141 |
Corren J et al. | Clinical and biochemical effects of a combination botanical product (ClearGuard) for allergy: a pilot randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. | 2008 | Nutr J | pmid:18625073 |
Ghosh AK et al. | Constitutive Smad signaling and Smad-dependent collagen gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18627765 |
Genovese T et al. | Effect of cyclopentanone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14PGJ2 on early functional recovery from experimental spinal cord injury. | 2008 | Shock | pmid:18628687 |
Bissonnette SL et al. | An endogenous prostaglandin enhances environmental phthalate-induced apoptosis in bone marrow B cells: activation of distinct but overlapping pathways. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18641309 |
Qiao L et al. | Down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis synergistically enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand-induced growth inhibition in colon cancer. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18645029 |
Tonge D et al. | Enhancement of axonal regeneration by in vitro conditioning and its inhibition by cyclopentenone prostaglandins. | 2008 | J. Cell. Sci. | pmid:18650498 |
Ueno N et al. | A negative regulator of delayed prostaglandin D2 production in mouse mast cells. | 2008 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:18656551 |
Lian TW et al. | Fisetin, morin and myricetin attenuate CD36 expression and oxLDL uptake in U937-derived macrophages. | 2008 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:18662803 |
Jozkowicz A et al. | 15d-PGJ2 upregulates synthesis of IL-8 in endothelial cells through induction of oxidative stress. | 2008 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:18665800 |
Cruz-Orengo L et al. | Cutaneous nociception evoked by 15-delta PGJ2 via activation of ion channel TRPA1. | 2008 | Mol Pain | pmid:18671867 |
Orfan N et al. | Systemic cold urticaria in a five-year-old boy. | 1991 | Ann Allergy | pmid:1867452 |
Koizumi T et al. | Induction of a 31,000-dalton stress protein by prostaglandins D2 and J2 in porcine aortic endothelial cells. | 1991 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1867634 |
Telleria-Diaz A et al. | Different effects of spinally applied prostaglandin D2 on responses of dorsal horn neurons with knee input in normal rats and in rats with acute knee inflammation. | 2008 | Neuroscience | pmid:18678231 |
Niwa Y et al. | Opposite effects of PU.1 on mast cell stimulation. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18680724 |
Arima M and Fukuda T | Prostaglandin D2 receptors DP and CRTH2 in the pathogenesis of asthma. | 2008 | Curr. Mol. Med. | pmid:18691063 |
Oku H and Umino T | Molecular characterization of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and their gene expression in the differentiating adipocytes of red sea bream Pagrus major. | 2008 | Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:18691667 |
Patel P et al. | Enantio- and stereospecific syntheses of 15(R)-Me-PGD2, a potent and selective DP2-receptor agonist. | 2008 | J. Org. Chem. | pmid:18700746 |
Huang W et al. | PPARalpha and PPARgamma effectively protect against HIV-induced inflammatory responses in brain endothelial cells. | 2008 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:18710415 |
You Q et al. | Mechanism of T cell tolerance induction by murine hepatic Kupffer cells. | 2008 | Hepatology | pmid:18712788 |
Tasaki Y et al. | Prostaglandin D2 metabolite stimulates collagen synthesis by human osteoblasts during calcification. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1871375 |
Bulbena O et al. | Mast cells in the rat gastric mucosa are not primarily responsible for PGD2 generation. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1871377 |
Ho TC et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through the sequential activation of MAPKS and p53. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18718914 |
Chan BC et al. | Traditional Chinese medicine for atopic eczema: PentaHerbs formula suppresses inflammatory mediators release from mast cells. | 2008 | J Ethnopharmacol | pmid:18725279 |
Shiozaki M et al. | Synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[(2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)amino]-3-O- [(R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]-D-glucopyranose 4-phosphate. | 1991 | J. Med. Chem. | pmid:1875354 |
Boisvert M et al. | PGJ2 antagonizes NF-kappaB-induced HIV-1 LTR activation in colonic epithelial cells. | 2008 | Virology | pmid:18755491 |
O'Brien JJ et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 enhances platelet production from megakaryocytes. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18755987 |
Niemoeller OM et al. | Ciglitazone and 15d-PGJ2 induced suicidal erythrocyte death. | 2008 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:18769050 |
Takahashi N et al. | Molecular characterization of TRPA1 channel activation by cysteine-reactive inflammatory mediators. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Channels (Austin) | pmid:18769139 |
Kim EH and Surh YJ | The role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, in tumor angiogenesis. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18771658 |
Tokuda H et al. | Function of Rho-kinase in prostaglandin D2-induced interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18771907 |
Kim JW et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) rescues PC12 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1: potential roles of Akt and ERK1/2. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18775681 |
Inoue M et al. | Interactions between brain acetylcholine and prostaglandins in control of vasopressin release. | 1991 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:1877699 |
Papaliodis D et al. | Niacin-induced "flush" involves release of prostaglandin D2 from mast cells and serotonin from platelets: evidence from human cells in vitro and an animal model. | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:18784348 |
Nagata D et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and growth inhibition by its ligands in prostate cancer. | 2008 | Cancer Detect. Prev. | pmid:18789607 |
Yoshimura T et al. | Correlation between the prostaglandin D(2)/E(2) ratio in nasal polyps and the recalcitrant pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis associated with bronchial asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18797183 |
Yamamoto M et al. | Expression and characterization of PGD2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis: modulation of DP and CRTH2 by PGD2. | 2009 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:18802357 |
Horváth B et al. | Carbon monoxide-prostaglandin E2 interaction in the hypothalamic circulation. | 2008 | Neuroreport | pmid:18815586 |
Fujimori K et al. | Enhancement of prostaglandin D(2) production through cyclooxygenase-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase by upstream stimulatory factor 1 in human brain-derived TE671 cells under serum starvation. | 2008 | Gene | pmid:18817855 |
Muñoz U et al. | On the mechanism of inhibition of p27 degradation by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in lymphoblasts of Alzheimer's disease patients. | 2008 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:18818877 |
Kalogeromitros D et al. | A quercetin containing supplement reduces niacin-induced flush in humans. | 2008 Jul-Sep | Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol | pmid:18831918 |
Toscano CD et al. | NMDA-induced seizure intensity is enhanced in COX-2 deficient mice. | 2008 | Neurotoxicology | pmid:18834901 |
Pettipher R and Hansel TT | Antagonists of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Drug News Perspect. | pmid:18836589 |
Royer JF et al. | A novel antagonist of prostaglandin D2 blocks the locomotion of eosinophils and basophils. | 2008 | Eur. J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:18837743 |
Pirianov G et al. | The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) delays lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm delivery and reduces mortality in the newborn mouse. | 2009 | Endocrinology | pmid:18845626 |
Payne CA et al. | Loss of prostaglandin D2 synthase: a key molecular event in the transition of a low-grade astrocytoma to an anaplastic astrocytoma. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852145 |
Su RY et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 up-regulates death receptor 5 gene expression in HCT116 cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species and C/EBP homologous transcription factor gene transcription. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852146 |
Hayden RE et al. | Treatment of primary CLL cells with bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate induces apoptosis and represses the pro-proliferative signal of CD40-ligand, in part through increased 15dDelta12,14,PGJ2. | 2009 | Leukemia | pmid:18923439 |
Oguma T et al. | Role of prostaglandin D(2) and its receptors in the pathophysiology of asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18946232 |
Tsuji T et al. | Reduction of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effects of ibuprofen. | 2009 | Neurochem. Res. | pmid:18946735 |
Satarug S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression through the DP2 receptor. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18957281 |
Zayed N et al. | Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 13 production in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes by prostaglandin D2. | 2008 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:18975308 |
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Zhao W et al. | TGF-beta1 attenuates mediator release and de novo Kit expression by human skin mast cells through a Smad-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18981148 |
O'Brien JJ et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2-induced heme oxygenase-1 in megakaryocytes regulates thrombopoiesis. | 2009 | J. Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:18983509 |
Rubin DB et al. | The influence of exogenous eicosanoids on the radiation response of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. | 1991 | Radiat. Res. | pmid:1898781 |
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Akerboom T et al. | Cholestasis and changes of portal pressure caused by chlorpromazine in the perfused rat liver. | 1991 | Hepatology | pmid:1899850 |
Sinzinger H et al. | Platelet lipoxygenase defect (Wien-Penzing defect) in two patients with myocardial infarction. | 1991 | Am. J. Hematol. | pmid:1899965 |
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Eichele K et al. | R(+)-methanandamide-induced apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma cells involves a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent pathway. | 2009 | Pharm. Res. | pmid:19015962 |
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Mickleborough TD et al. | Eicosapentaenoic acid is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells. | 2009 | Clin Nutr | pmid:19054597 |
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Boehme SA et al. | A small molecule CRTH2 antagonist inhibits FITC-induced allergic cutaneous inflammation. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066314 |
Boehme SA et al. | Antagonism of CRTH2 ameliorates chronic epicutaneous sensitization-induced inflammation by multiple mechanisms. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066315 |
Ding Q et al. | Identification of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in adipose tissue and its secretion as an adipokine by human adipocytes. | 2009 | Endocrinology | pmid:19074584 |
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Wang WM et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta1-induced chemokine expression in human tubular epithelial cells. | 2009 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. | pmid:19098936 |
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Waku T et al. | Atomic structure of mutant PPARgamma LBD complexed with 15d-PGJ2: novel modulation mechanism of PPARgamma/RXRalpha function by covalently bound ligands. | 2009 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:19101554 |
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