Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Horak F et al. | Effect of continuous allergen challenge on clinical symptoms and mediator release in dust-mite-allergic patients. | 1998 | Allergy | pmid:9491231 |
Ricote M et al. | The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation. | 1998 | Nature | pmid:9422508 |
Jiang C et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines. | 1998 | Nature | pmid:9422509 |
Tan W et al. | Modulation of nicotinic AChR channels by prostaglandin E2 in chick sympathetic ganglion neurons. | 1998 | J. Neurophysiol. | pmid:9463448 |
Nagoshi H et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. | 1998 | Circ. Res. | pmid:9468191 |
Nagy L et al. | Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARgamma. | 1998 | Cell | pmid:9568715 |
Yang VW et al. | Size-dependent increase in prostanoid levels in adenomas of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. | 1998 | Cancer Res. | pmid:9563494 |
Mooney JJ et al. | Signal transduction by platelet adenylate cyclase: alterations in depressed patients may reflect impairment in the coordinated integration of cellular signals (coincidence detection). | 1998 | Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:9564442 |
Souza SC et al. | BRL 49653 blocks the lipolytic actions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: a potential new insulin-sensitizing mechanism for thiazolidinediones. | 1998 | Diabetes | pmid:9568706 |
Tontonoz P et al. | PPARgamma promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation and uptake of oxidized LDL. | 1998 | Cell | pmid:9568716 |
Austin S et al. | Induction of the nuclear orphan receptor RORgamma during adipocyte differentiation of D1 and 3T3-L1 cells. | 1998 | Cell Growth Differ. | pmid:9543393 |
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Akarsu ES et al. | Inhibition of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in rats by prostaglandin D2. | 1998 | Epilepsy Res. | pmid:9551845 |
Sutarmo Setiadji V et al. | Actions of prostaglandin E2 on rat supraoptic neurones. | 1998 | J. Neuroendocrinol. | pmid:9870750 |
Terao A et al. | Enhancement of slow-wave sleep by tumor necrosis factor-alpha is mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 in rats. | 1998 | Neuroreport | pmid:9875706 |
Gambero A and Gomes JC | Pharmacological antagonism of Anchietia salutaris extracts on the contraction induced by prostaglandin D2 and U46619 in guinea-pig lung parenchymal strips. | 1998 | J. Pharm. Pharmacol. | pmid:9877316 |
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Ohtani-Fujita N et al. | p53-Independent activation of the gadd45 promoter by Delta12-prostaglandin J2. | 1998 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:9792828 |
Ma H et al. | Estrogen-induced production of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligand in a PPARgamma-expressing tissue. | 1998 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9804768 |
Tada K et al. | Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by secretory phospholipases A2 in nerve growth factor-stimulated rat serosal mast cells is facilitated by interaction with fibroblasts and mediated by a mechanism independent of their enzymatic functions. | 1998 | J. Immunol. | pmid:9794438 |
Tsai WJ et al. | Characterization of the antiplatelet effects of (2S)-5-methoxy-6-methylflavan-7-ol from Draconis Resina. | 1998 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9617759 |
Arakida Y et al. | In vitro pharmacologic profile of YM158, a new dual antagonist for LTD4 and TXA2 receptors. | 1998 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:9808690 |
Nishino S et al. | Cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandins and corticotropin releasing factor in schizophrenics and controls: relationship to sleep architecture. | 1998 | Psychiatry Res | pmid:9657418 |
Madhu C et al. | Penetration of natural prostaglandins and their ester prodrugs and analogs across human ocular tissues in vitro. | 1998 | J Ocul Pharmacol Ther | pmid:9811228 |
Thomson AM et al. | Sequence, catalytic properties and expression of chicken glutathione-dependent prostaglandin D2 synthase, a novel class Sigma glutathione S-transferase. | 1998 | Biochem. J. | pmid:9657971 |
Szczeklik A et al. | Salmeterol prevents aspirin-induced attacks of asthma and interferes with eicosanoid metabolism. | 1998 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:9769277 |
Kalgutkar AS et al. | Aspirin-like molecules that covalently inactivate cyclooxygenase-2. | 1998 | Science | pmid:9596581 |
Fiebich BL et al. | Potential link between interleukin-6 and arachidonic acid metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. | 1998 | J. Neural Transm. Suppl. | pmid:9850935 |
Christman BW | Lipid mediator dysregulation in primary pulmonary hypertension. | 1998 | Chest | pmid:9741570 |
Molderings GJ et al. | Modulation of noradrenaline release from the sympathetic nerves of human right atrial appendages by presynaptic EP3- and DP-receptors. | 1998 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:9826066 |
Takahashi S et al. | Localization of a cyclopentenone prostaglandin to the endoplasmic reticulum and induction of BiP mRNA. | 1998 | Biochem. J. | pmid:9742210 |
Csala M et al. | Prostaglandin-independent stimulation of interleukin-6 production by fibrinogen degradation product D in perfused murine liver. | 1998 | Scand. J. Immunol. | pmid:9743211 |
Kilunga Kubata B et al. | Plasmodium falciparum produces prostaglandins that are pyrogenic, somnogenic, and immunosuppressive substances in humans. | 1998 | J. Exp. Med. | pmid:9743538 |
Torii SI et al. | Thiazolidinedione induces the adipose differentiation of fibroblast-like cells resident within bovine skeletal muscle. | 1998 | Cell Biol. Int. | pmid:10328850 |
Marx N et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators inhibit gene expression and migration in human vascular smooth muscle cells. | 1998 | Circ. Res. | pmid:9831704 |
Dorta-Contreras AJ et al. | [Beta trace protein in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum in meningoencephalitis]. | 1998 | Rev Neurol | pmid:9585948 |
Demoly P et al. | [Nose and sinus: anatomo-pathologic relations]. | 1998 | Allerg Immunol (Paris) | pmid:9631692 |
Ikai K et al. | Induction of apoptosis, p53 and heme oxygenase-1 by cytotoxic prostaglandin delta12-PGJ2 in transformed endothelial cells. | 1998 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9654403 |
Rosenbaum SE and Greenberg AS | The short- and long-term effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and BRL 49653 on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma2 gene expression and other adipocyte genes. | 1998 | Mol. Endocrinol. | pmid:9717841 |
Yoshida T et al. | Inhibitory effects of prostaglandin D2 against the proliferation of human colon cancer cell lines and hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer. | 1998 | Surg. Today | pmid:9697269 |
Terao A et al. | Interleukin-1 induces slow-wave sleep at the prostaglandin D2-sensitive sleep-promoting zone in the rat brain. | 1998 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:9698346 |
Scammell T et al. | Activation of ventrolateral preoptic neurons by the somnogen prostaglandin D2. | 1998 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:9636223 |
Moon TC et al. | Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and endogenous cytokine expression by bacterial lipopolysaccharide that acts in synergy with c-kit ligand and Fc epsilon receptor I crosslinking in cultured mast cells. | 1998 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:9636692 |
Iijima K et al. | Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. | 1998 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:9642130 |
Fujitani Y et al. | [Sleep-promoting substances]. | 1998 | Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi | pmid:10064966 |
O'Sullivan S et al. | Exposure of healthy volunteers to swine house dust increases formation of leukotrienes, prostaglandin D2, and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine. | 1998 | Thorax | pmid:10195076 |
Ward PE et al. | Niacin skin flush in schizophrenia: a preliminary report. | 1998 | Schizophr. Res. | pmid:9516668 |
Longo WE et al. | Contribution of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 to prostanoid formation by human enterocytes stimulated by calcium ionophore and inflammatory agents. | 1998 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:9990676 |
Löhrke B et al. | Detection and functional characterisation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in lutein cells. | 1998 | J. Endocrinol. | pmid:9834460 |
Haberl C et al. | Release of prostaglandin D2 by murine mast cells: importance of metabolite formation for antiproliferative activity. | 1998 | Mediators Inflamm. | pmid:9836493 |
Longo WE et al. | The role of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1 stimulated enterocyte prostanoid formation. | 1998 | Mediators Inflamm. | pmid:9836494 |
Takafuji S et al. | Release of granule proteins from human eosinophils stimulated with mast-cell mediators. | 1998 | Allergy | pmid:9821474 |
Shichijo M et al. | The effects of anti-asthma drugs on mediator release from cultured human mast cells. | 1998 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:9824389 |
Ahn SG et al. | The role of c-Myc and heat shock protein 70 in human hepatocarcinoma Hep3B cells during apoptosis induced by prostaglandin A2/Delta12-prostaglandin J2. | 1998 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:9824682 |
el Attar TM and Virji AS | Effects of indomethacin, cisplatin and delta 12-prostaglandin J2 on growth of oral squamous carcinoma cells. | 1997 Nov-Dec | Anticancer Res. | pmid:9494540 |
Kiriyama M et al. | Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. | 1997 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9313928 |
Kanaoka Y et al. | Cloning and crystal structure of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase. | 1997 | Cell | pmid:9323136 |
Li Y et al. | Differential effects of various eicosanoids on the production or prevention of arrhythmias in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9380795 |
Fournier T et al. | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inversely regulates prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 production in murine macrophages. Synergistic action of cyclic AMP on cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis. | 1997 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9388257 |
Genovese A et al. | Loratadine and desethoxylcarbonyl-loratadine inhibit the immunological release of mediators from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells. | 1997 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:9179431 |
Murakami M et al. | Detection of secretory phospholipase A2s related but not identical to type IIA isozyme in cultured mast cells. | 1997 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:9280291 |
Harbige LS et al. | Cytokine secretion by human T cell clones is differentially regulated by eicosanoids. | 1997 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:9191392 |
Murakami M et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent delayed prostaglandin D2 generation is initiated by nerve growth factor in rat peritoneal mast cells: its augmentation by extracellular type II secretory phospholipase A2. | 1997 | J. Immunol. | pmid:9200484 |
ElAttar TM and Virji AS | Inhibition of growth in oral squamous carcinoma cells by cyclopentenone prostaglandins: comparison with chemotherapeutic agents. | 1997 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9223658 |
Sampson SE et al. | Effect of inhaled prostaglandin D2 in normal and atopic subjects, and of pretreatment with leukotriene D4. | 1997 | Thorax | pmid:9227716 |
Abran D et al. | Regulation of prostanoid vasomotor effects and receptors in choroidal vessels of newborn pigs. | 1997 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:9087666 |
Kanamori Y et al. | Migration of neutrophils from blood to tissue: alteration of modulatory effects of prostanoid on superoxide generation in rabbits and humans. | 1997 | Life Sci. | pmid:9096262 |
Ram A et al. | CSF levels of prostaglandins, especially the level of prostaglandin D2, are correlated with increasing propensity towards sleep in rats. | 1997 | Brain Res. | pmid:9098570 |
Ito H et al. | Prostaglandins stimulate the stress-induced synthesis of hsp27 and alpha B crystallin. | 1997 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:9066782 |
Reddy ST et al. | Analysis of the secretory phospholipase A2 that mediates prostaglandin production in mast cells. | 1997 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9153207 |
Taber DF et al. | A nomenclature system for the isoprostanes. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9112285 |
Minami T et al. | Absence of prostaglandin E2-induced hyperalgesia in NMDA receptor epsilon subunit knockout mice. | 1997 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9113374 |
AL-Hader AA et al. | Novel expression of functional luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptors in cultured glial cells from neonatal rat brains. | 1997 | Biol. Reprod. | pmid:9116153 |
Bogaards JJ et al. | Stereoselective conjugation of prostaglandin A2 and prostaglandin J2 with glutathione, catalyzed by the human glutathione S-transferases A1-1, A2-2, M1a-1a, and P1-1. | 1997 | Chem. Res. Toxicol. | pmid:9084911 |
Teixeira MM et al. | Characterization of the prostanoid receptors mediating inhibition of PAF-induced aggregation of guinea-pig eosinophils. | 1997 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9146890 |
Fiebich BL et al. | Prostaglandin E2 induces interleukin-6 synthesis in human astrocytoma cells. | 1997 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:9003059 |
Matsumoto H et al. | Concordant induction of prostaglandin E2 synthase with cyclooxygenase-2 leads to preferred production of prostaglandin E2 over thromboxane and prostaglandin D2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages. | 1997 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:9020023 |
Nasushita R et al. | A comparative study of adrenocorticotropin-releasing activity of prostaglandins E1, E2, F2 alpha and D2 in the rat. | 1997 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9051727 |
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Howarth PH | Mediators of nasal blockage in allergic rhinitis. | 1997 | Allergy | pmid:9353555 |
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Liakos P et al. | ANG II AT1 and AT2 receptors both inhibit bFGF-induced proliferation of bovine adrenocortical cells. | 1997 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:9357777 |
Werman A et al. | Ligand-independent activation domain in the N terminus of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). Differential activity of PPARgamma1 and -2 isoforms and influence of insulin. | 1997 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9242701 |
McGowan SE et al. | Peroxisome proliferators alter lipid acquisition and elastin gene expression in neonatal rat lung fibroblasts. | 1997 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:9435581 |
Blom HM et al. | Intranasal capsaicin is efficacious in non-allergic, non-infectious perennial rhinitis. A placebo-controlled study. | 1997 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:9249272 |
Wettstein M and Häussinger D | Cytoprotection by the osmolytes betaine and taurine in ischemia-reoxygenation injury in the perfused rat liver. | 1997 | Hepatology | pmid:9397998 |
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Hutchinson SM et al. | Effects of eicosanoids on parameters in isolated rat hepatocytes and isolated rat hepatocyte couplets: protective effects of eicosanoid receptor antagonists. | 1997 | J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal | pmid:9041475 |
Mezei Z et al. | Platelet eicosanoids and the effect of captopril in blood pressure regulation. | 1997 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9527508 |
Jović N et al. | Do prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha and D2 have a role in the development of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia? | 1996 May-Jun | Vojnosanit Pregl | pmid:9174396 |
Spannhake EW | Down-regulation of canine airway mast cell function following exposure to ozone in vivo. | 1996 Mar-Apr | Exp. Lung Res. | pmid:8706634 |
Johnston DE and Kroening C | Stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in cultured liver cells by CCl4. | 1996 | Hepatology | pmid:8781342 |