Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Adler DH et al. | Inherited human cPLA(2alpha) deficiency is associated with impaired eicosanoid biosynthesis, small intestinal ulceration, and platelet dysfunction. | 2008 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:18451993 |
Poncin S et al. | Oxidative stress in the thyroid gland: from harmlessness to hazard depending on the iodine content. | 2008 | Endocrinology | pmid:17884933 |
Yasui K et al. | Contribution of prostaglandin D2 via prostanoid DP receptor to nasal hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs repeatedly exposed to antigen. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17927976 |
Napimoga MH et al. | 15d-prostaglandin J2 inhibits inflammatory hypernociception: involvement of peripheral opioid receptor. | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:17928570 |
Caito S et al. | Rosiglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, PPARgamma agonists, differentially regulate cigarette smoke-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine release in monocytes/macrophages. | 2008 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:17970647 |
Cao H et al. | An improved LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of prostaglandins E(2) and D(2) production in biological fluids. | 2008 | Anal. Biochem. | pmid:17976507 |
Wang S et al. | AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 mediated prostaglandin D2 metabolism augments the PI3K/Akt proliferative signaling pathway in human prostate cancer cells. | 2008 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:18508192 |
Curfs DM et al. | Macrophage secretory phospholipase A2 group X enhances anti-inflammatory responses, promotes lipid accumulation, and contributes to aberrant lung pathology. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18511424 |
Qiao L et al. | Loss of XIAP sensitizes colon cancer cells to PPARgamma independent antitumor effects of troglitazone and 15-PGJ2. | 2008 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:18477501 |
Reddy RC et al. | Sepsis-induced inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis is mediated by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma}. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18535203 |
Chana RS et al. | Statins but not thiazolidinediones attenuate albumin-mediated chemokine production by proximal tubular cells independently of endocytosis. | 2008 | Am. J. Nephrol. | pmid:18535368 |
Andersen HB et al. | Comparison of short term in vitro cultured human mast cells from different progenitors - Peripheral blood-derived progenitors generate highly mature and functional mast cells. | 2008 | J. Immunol. Methods | pmid:18538784 |
Reyes-Martin P et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J(2) up-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 but inhibits prostaglandin-E(2) production through a thiol antioxidant-sensitive mechanism. | 2008 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:18456507 |
Toscano CD et al. | NMDA-induced seizure intensity is enhanced in COX-2 deficient mice. | 2008 | Neurotoxicology | pmid:18834901 |
Viji RI et al. | Modulation of cyclooxygenase in endothelial cells by fibronectin: relevance to angiogenesis. | 2008 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:18459145 |
Royer JF et al. | A novel antagonist of prostaglandin D2 blocks the locomotion of eosinophils and basophils. | 2008 | Eur. J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:18837743 |
Yamamoto Y et al. | Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) during liver regeneration in rats. | 2008 | J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. | pmid:18565023 |
Panzer U et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits INF-gamma-induced JAK/STAT1 signalling pathway activation and IP-10/CXCL10 expression in mesangial cells. | 2008 | Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. | pmid:18596134 |
Payne CA et al. | Loss of prostaglandin D2 synthase: a key molecular event in the transition of a low-grade astrocytoma to an anaplastic astrocytoma. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852145 |
Moon TC and Befus AD | Exogenous nitric oxide regulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin D(2) generation through p38 MAPK in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | 2008 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:18598759 |
Su RY et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 up-regulates death receptor 5 gene expression in HCT116 cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species and C/EBP homologous transcription factor gene transcription. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852146 |
Kim HY et al. | Upregulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-10 by prostaglandin A1 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | 2008 | J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. | pmid:18600064 |
Oguma T et al. | Role of prostaglandin D(2) and its receptors in the pathophysiology of asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18946232 |
Lee SJ et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces apoptosis via JNK-mediated mitochondrial pathway in osteoblastic cells. | 2008 | Toxicology | pmid:18450357 |
Moniot B et al. | Male specific expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (cPTGDS) during chicken gonadal differentiation: relationship with cSOX9. | 2008 | Sex Dev | pmid:18577876 |
Nagata D et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and growth inhibition by its ligands in prostate cancer. | 2008 | Cancer Detect. Prev. | pmid:18789607 |
Amir-Moazami O et al. | Phospholipid scramblase 1 modulates a selected set of IgE receptor-mediated mast cell responses through LAT-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18579528 |
Yoshimura T et al. | Correlation between the prostaglandin D(2)/E(2) ratio in nasal polyps and the recalcitrant pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis associated with bronchial asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18797183 |
Chearwae W and Bright JJ | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) and curcumin modulate the expression of toll-like receptors 4 and 9 in autoimmune T lymphocyte. | 2008 | J. Clin. Immunol. | pmid:18463970 |
Zhao W et al. | TGF-beta1 attenuates mediator release and de novo Kit expression by human skin mast cells through a Smad-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18981148 |
Zayed N et al. | Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 13 production in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes by prostaglandin D2. | 2008 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:18975308 |
Gressner OA et al. | Pharmacological application of caffeine inhibits TGF-beta-stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression in hepatocytes via PPARgamma and SMAD2/3-dependent pathways. | 2008 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:18486259 |
Tajima T et al. | Lipopolysaccharide induces macrophage migration via prostaglandin D(2) and prostaglandin E(2). | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:18492946 |
Ghosh AK et al. | Constitutive Smad signaling and Smad-dependent collagen gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18627765 |
Genovese T et al. | Effect of cyclopentanone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14PGJ2 on early functional recovery from experimental spinal cord injury. | 2008 | Shock | pmid:18628687 |
Alba G et al. | Heme oxygenase-1 expression is down-regulated by angiotensin II and under hypertension in human neutrophils. | 2008 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:18515325 |
Yoon HJ et al. | Regulation of TLR2 expression by prostaglandins in brain glia. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18523308 |
Bissonnette SL et al. | An endogenous prostaglandin enhances environmental phthalate-induced apoptosis in bone marrow B cells: activation of distinct but overlapping pathways. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18641309 |
Qiao L et al. | Down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis synergistically enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand-induced growth inhibition in colon cancer. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18645029 |
Ragolia L et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D(2) synthase stimulates glucose transport via enhanced GLUT4 translocation. | 2008 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:18619553 |
Moreira V et al. | Secretory phospholipases A(2) isolated from Bothrops asper and from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venoms induce distinct mechanisms for biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and D2 and expression of cyclooxygenases. | 2008 | Toxicon | pmid:18619987 |
Capobianco E et al. | Effects of natural ligands of PPARgamma on lipid metabolism in placental tissues from healthy and diabetic rats. | 2008 | Mol. Hum. Reprod. | pmid:18621767 |
Butterfield JH and Weiler CR | Prevention of mast cell activation disorder-associated clinical sequelae of excessive prostaglandin D(2) production. | 2008 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:18622141 |
Corren J et al. | Clinical and biochemical effects of a combination botanical product (ClearGuard) for allergy: a pilot randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. | 2008 | Nutr J | pmid:18625073 |
Tonge D et al. | Enhancement of axonal regeneration by in vitro conditioning and its inhibition by cyclopentenone prostaglandins. | 2008 | J. Cell. Sci. | pmid:18650498 |
Ueno N et al. | A negative regulator of delayed prostaglandin D2 production in mouse mast cells. | 2008 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:18656551 |
Papaliodis D et al. | Niacin-induced "flush" involves release of prostaglandin D2 from mast cells and serotonin from platelets: evidence from human cells in vitro and an animal model. | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:18784348 |
Niemoeller OM et al. | Ciglitazone and 15d-PGJ2 induced suicidal erythrocyte death. | 2008 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:18769050 |
Kim EH and Surh YJ | The role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, in tumor angiogenesis. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18771658 |
Kim JW et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) rescues PC12 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1: potential roles of Akt and ERK1/2. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18775681 |
Kuehn HS et al. | The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of Btk is required for optimal eicosanoid production and generation of reactive oxygen species in antigen-stimulated mast cells. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19017959 |
Ho TC et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through the sequential activation of MAPKS and p53. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18718914 |
Chearwae W and Bright JJ | PPARgamma agonists inhibit growth and expansion of CD133+ brain tumour stem cells. | 2008 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:19018263 |
Chan BC et al. | Traditional Chinese medicine for atopic eczema: PentaHerbs formula suppresses inflammatory mediators release from mast cells. | 2008 | J Ethnopharmacol | pmid:18725279 |
Lee JH et al. | The 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in IFN-gamma-stimulated astrocytes through induction of MAPK phosphatase-1. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19050284 |
Satarug S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression through the DP2 receptor. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18957281 |
Shiraishi Y et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin D2/CRTH2 pathway mediates double-stranded RNA-induced enhancement of allergic airway inflammation. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18097056 |
Yang JH et al. | Anti-allergic activity of an ethanol extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza. | 2008 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:19099230 |
Napimoga MH et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand, 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, reduces neutrophil migration via a nitric oxide pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18097063 |
Dubourdeau M et al. | Opposite roles of STAT and PPARgamma in the induction of p21WAF1 expression by IL-13 in human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2008 | Eur. Cytokine Netw. | pmid:19103521 |
Horváth B et al. | Carbon monoxide-prostaglandin E2 interaction in the hypothalamic circulation. | 2008 | Neuroreport | pmid:18815586 |
Fujimori K et al. | Enhancement of prostaglandin D(2) production through cyclooxygenase-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase by upstream stimulatory factor 1 in human brain-derived TE671 cells under serum starvation. | 2008 | Gene | pmid:18817855 |
Muñoz U et al. | On the mechanism of inhibition of p27 degradation by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in lymphoblasts of Alzheimer's disease patients. | 2008 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:18818877 |
Zhang J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists attenuate angiotensin II-induced collagen type I expression in adventitial fibroblasts. | 2008 | Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. | pmid:18047631 |
Uchida K and Shibata T | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2: an electrophilic trigger of cellular responses. | 2008 | Chem. Res. Toxicol. | pmid:18052108 |
Yu JH et al. | SOCS 3 and PPAR-gamma ligands inhibit the expression of IL-6 and TGF-beta1 by regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling in pancreas. | 2008 | Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. | pmid:18035585 |
Yokoi H et al. | Inhibition of FcepsilonRI-dependent mediator release and calcium flux from human mast cells by sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8 engagement. | 2008 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:18036650 |
Kuboki S et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. | 2008 | Hepatology | pmid:18085707 |
Papaliodis D et al. | The flavonoid luteolin inhibits niacin-induced flush. | 2008 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18223672 |
Lutzow YS et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces chemokine expression, oxidative stress and microfilament reorganization in bovine mammary epithelial cells. | 2008 | J. Dairy Res. | pmid:18226310 |
Torres D et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the production of IFN-gamma by invariant NK T cells: consequences in the control of B16 melanoma. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18178816 |
Zhao H et al. | Met-Arg-Trp derived from Rubisco lowers blood pressure via prostaglandin D(2)-dependent vasorelaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 2008 | Peptides | pmid:18180074 |
Feltenmark S et al. | Eoxins are proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites produced via the 15-lipoxygenase-1 pathway in human eosinophils and mast cells. | 2008 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:18184802 |
Kerr BJ et al. | The protective effects of 15-deoxy-delta-(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 in spinal cord injury. | 2008 | Glia | pmid:18205174 |
Taketa K et al. | Oxidized low density lipoprotein activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) and PPARgamma through MAPK-dependent COX-2 expression in macrophages. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18208815 |
Jin YR et al. | Antiplatelet activity of epigallocatechin gallate is mediated by the inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation, elevation of PGD2 production, and maintaining calcium-ATPase activity. | 2008 | J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. | pmid:18209568 |
Choi IK et al. | PPAR-gamma ligand promotes the growth of APC-mutated HT-29 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. | 2008 | Invest New Drugs | pmid:18161004 |
Hounoki H et al. | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated osteoclast differentiation in human peripheral monocytes in part via suppression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. | 2008 | Bone | pmid:18242157 |
Zhao H et al. | Rubimetide (Met-Arg-Trp) derived from Rubisco exhibits anxiolytic-like activity via the DP1 receptor in male ddY mice. | 2008 | Peptides | pmid:18243414 |
Ohinata K et al. | Central prostaglandin D(2) stimulates food intake via the neuropeptide Y system in mice. | 2008 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:18258196 |
Austen KF | Doing what I like. | 2008 | Annu. Rev. Immunol. | pmid:17877459 |
Shefler I et al. | Inhibition of basic secretagogue-induced signaling in mast cells by cell permeable G alpha i-derived peptides. | 2008 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:17848806 |
Li W et al. | Neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 activity and prostaglandins PGE2, PGD2, and PGF2 alpha exacerbate hypoxic neuronal injury in neuron-enriched primary culture. | 2008 | Neurochem. Res. | pmid:17763946 |
Urade Y | [Structure and function of prostaglandin D synthase]. | 2008 | Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso | pmid:18326294 |
Terao A et al. | Gene expression in the rat brain during prostaglandin D2 and adenosinergically-induced sleep. | 2008 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:18331290 |
Inagaki S et al. | Human liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 1-catalyzed reaction generating 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 from prostaglandin D2 followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | 2008 | J Sep Sci | pmid:18307166 |
Paolini JF et al. | Effects of laropiprant on nicotinic acid-induced flushing in patients with dyslipidemia. | 2008 | Am. J. Cardiol. | pmid:18308010 |
Crabb SJ et al. | BAG-1 inhibits PPARgamma-induced cell death, but not PPARgamma-induced transcription, cell cycle arrest or differentiation in breast cancer cells. | 2008 | Oncol. Rep. | pmid:18288403 |
Hong HY et al. | Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression through the Rac1/NADPH oxidase/ROS/p38 signaling cascade mediates the anti-inflammatory effect of 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 in murine macrophages. | 2008 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:18291107 |
Giannini L et al. | Activation of cannabinoid receptors prevents antigen-induced asthma-like reaction in guinea pigs. | 2008 | J. Cell. Mol. Med. | pmid:18266975 |
Malki S et al. | [Prostaglandin D2: new roles in the embryonic and pathological gonad]. | 2008 | Med Sci (Paris) | pmid:18272080 |
Churi SB et al. | Intrathecal rosiglitazone acts at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma to rapidly inhibit neuropathic pain in rats. | 2008 | J Pain | pmid:18387855 |
Cekanova M et al. | Gene alterations by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists in human colorectal cancer cells. | 2008 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:18360708 |
Moon TC et al. | The effects of isoimperatorin isolated from Angelicae dahuricae on cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | 2008 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:18365692 |
Kimura H et al. | A natural PPAR-gamma agonist, 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2, may act as an enhancer of PAI-1 in human proximal renal tubular cells under hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. | 2008 | Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. | pmid:18367541 |
Paruchuri S et al. | Leukotriene E4 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and induces prostaglandin D2 generation by human mast cells. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18411276 |
Yamauchi J et al. | (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibits prostaglandin D2-stimulated HSP27 induction via suppression of the p44/p42 MAP kinase pathway in osteoblasts. | 2007 Oct-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17949962 |
Mendoza Magaña MJ et al. | [Anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock]. | 2007 Mar-Apr | Rev Alerg Mex | pmid:17542244 |
Reyes-Martin P et al. | Cyclooxygenase-independent inhibition of H2O2-induced cell death by S-ketoprofen in renal cells. | 2007 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:17291778 |
Fournier T et al. | Involvement of PPARgamma in human trophoblast invasion. | 2007 | Placenta | pmid:17321592 |