Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Imashuku S et al. | Tumor differentiation--application of prostaglandins in the treatment of neuroblastoma. | 1985 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2986176 |
Schulman ES and Anderson CL | Lung hypersensitivity responses: dissociation of human lung mast cell leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from histamine release. | 1985 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2415994 |
Stürzebecher S et al. | Effects of PGD2, PGE1, and PGI2-analogues on PGDF-release and aggregation of human gelfiltered platelets. | 1989 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2477855 |
Thierauch KH et al. | ZK 110 841--a selective and potent prostaglandin D2 analogue. | 1989 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2798462 |
Honn KV et al. | Possible strategies for antimetastastic therapy. | 1986 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:3520578 |
Cebola I and Peinado MA | Epigenetic deregulation of the COX pathway in cancer. | 2012 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:22580191 |
Hemker DP and Aiken JW | Effects of prostaglandins on autonomic function in vivo, with special emphasis on PGD2 and PGD3. | 1981 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:6952267 |
Giles H and Leff P | The biology and pharmacology of PGD2. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3283848 |
Ishizawa M and Minowa T | Effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on longitudinal and circular muscles of guinea-pig isolated proximal colon. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6962973 |
Wendling MG and DuCharme DW | Cardiovascular effects of prostaglandin D3 and D2 in anesthetized dogs. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6945633 |
Toda N | Different responsiveness of a variety of isolated dog arteries to prostaglandin D2. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6950464 |
Barrow SE et al. | Measurement of prostaglandin D2 and identification of metabolites in human plasma during intravenous infusion. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6441188 |
Rossi AG and O'Flaherty JT | Prostaglandin binding sites in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2549574 |
Saito H et al. | Bio-synthesis of PGD2 and TXB2 by rabbit blood monocytes. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3086936 |
Li Y et al. | Differential effects of various eicosanoids on the production or prevention of arrhythmias in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9380795 |
Westcott JY et al. | Eicosanoids in human ventricular cerebrospinal fluid following severe brain injury. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2835791 |
Higashiyama K et al. | Induction of c-fos protooncogene transcription and apoptosis by delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in human Pl-21 myeloid leukemia and RC-K8 pre-B lymphoma cells. | 1996 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8908616 |
Okumura T and Saito K | Effect of prostaglandins on glycogenesis and glycogenolysis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes--a role of prostaglandin D2 in the liver. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2353117 |
Lydford SJ et al. | Interaction of BW A868C, a prostanoid DP-receptor antagonist, with two receptor subtypes in the rabbit isolated saphenous vein. | 1996 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8880898 |
Kennedy I et al. | Studies on the characterisation of prostanoid receptors: a proposed classification. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6131499 |
Kim HS et al. | Intracellular glutathione level modulates the induction of apoptosis by delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1996 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8873236 |
Spannhake EW et al. | Bronchoactive metabolites of arachidonic acid and their role in airway function. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6801729 |
Norwitz ER et al. | Prostaglandin production by human peripheral blood monocytes changes with in vitro differentiation. | 1996 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8792444 |
Mitsuoka S et al. | Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin delta 12-PGJ2 on cell proliferation and alpha-fetoprotein expression in HuH-7 human hepatoma cells. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1371888 |
Taber DF et al. | A nomenclature system for the isoprostanes. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9112285 |
Westcott JY and Murphy RC | The interaction of ethanol and exogenous arachidonic acid in the formation of leukotrienes and prostaglandin D2 in mastocytoma cells. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6316419 |
McGuire JC et al. | Production of prostaglandin D2 by murine macrophage cell lines. | 1985 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3937182 |
Stenson WF et al. | Metabolism of exogenous arachidonic acid by murine macrophage-like tumor cell lines. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6803301 |
Claeys M et al. | Lack of prostacyclin biosynthesis by aortic tissue of the chicken. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6803304 |
Kawata R et al. | Prostaglandin synthesis by the cochlea. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3129756 |
Nishizawa EE et al. | Prostaglandin d2 as a potential antithrombotic agent. | 1975 | Prostaglandins | pmid:806102 |
Shimizu Y et al. | Cycloheximide reduces PGD2 or delta 12-PGJ2 cytotoxicity on NCG cells. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3099333 |
Huttemeier PC et al. | Microdialysis measurements of PGD2, TXB2 and 6-KETO-PGF1 alpha in rat CA1 hippocampus during transient cerebral ischemia. | 1993 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8430228 |
Karniguian A et al. | Prostaglandins: specific inhibition of platelet adhesion to collagen and relationship with cAMP level. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6287536 |
Town MH et al. | Pharmacological and cardiovascular properties of a hydantoin derivative, BW 245 C, with high affinity and selectivity for PGD2 receptors. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6302737 |
Tynan SS et al. | On the multiplicity of platelet prostaglandin receptors. II. The use of N-0164 for distinguishing the loci of action for PGI2, PGD2, PGE2 and hydantoin analogs. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6087417 |
Tasaki Y et al. | Prostaglandin D2 metabolite stimulates collagen synthesis by human osteoblasts during calcification. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1871375 |
Foreman D et al. | Anhydrolevuglandin D2 inhibits the uterotonic activity of prostaglandins F2 alpha and D2. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3163807 |
Whittle BJ et al. | Platelet and cardiovascular activity of the hydantoin BW245C, a potent prostaglandin analogue. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6344147 |
Kane GC et al. | Insights into IgE-mediated lung inflammation derived from a study employing a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. | 1995 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8588068 |
Kawamura M and Koshihara Y | Prostaglandin D2 lowers nuclear DNA polymerase activity in cultured mastocytoma cells. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6427850 |
Ramis I et al. | In vivo release of 15-HETE and other arachidonic acid metabolites in nasal secretions during early allergic reactions. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1662405 |
Hata Y et al. | Primary colonic epithelial cell culture of the rabbit producing prostaglandins. | 1993 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8430223 |
Ninomiya H et al. | Endothelin-1 induces stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in cells obtained from canine airways by bronchoalveolar lavage. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1584994 |
Lee DY et al. | Prostaglandin profile and synthetic capacity of the colon: comparison of tissue sources and subcellular fractions. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1542741 |
Gimeno AL et al. | Prostacyclin induces a surprising long-lasting motility in quiescent uterine strips (indomethacin-treated) isolated from ovariectomized rats. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6361911 |
Tanaka H et al. | The effects of PGD2 and 9-deoxy-delta 9-PGD2 on colony formation of murine osteosarcoma cells. | 1985 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3863195 |
Morrow JD et al. | Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 in vivo in humans following the administration of nicotinic acid. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2475889 |
Roberts LJ and Sweetman BJ | Metabolic fate of endogenously synthesized prostaglandin D2 in a human female with mastocytosis. | 1985 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3864190 |
Gerritsen ME and Printz MP | Prostaglandin D synthase in microvessels from the rat cerebral cortex. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6119739 |
Foreman D et al. | Effects of E2 levuglandins on the contractile activity of the rat uterus. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3317517 |
Shimizu Y et al. | Selective synthesis and retention of 66k protein in a human neuroblastoma cell line (NCG) treated with a cytotoxic dosage of delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3449899 |
Maclouf J et al. | Development of a radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin D2 using an antiserum against 11-methoxime prostaglandin D2. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3456623 |
Koizumi T et al. | Induction of heme oxygenase by delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in porcine aortic endothelial cells. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1542739 |
Black JL et al. | A comparison of the contractile activity of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on human isolated bronchus. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3464041 |
Armstrong RA and Talpain E | Comparison of the prostaglandin E (EP) receptor of human neutrophils and HL-60 cells differentiated with DMSO. | 1994 | Prostaglandins | pmid:7878190 |
Seiler S et al. | SQ-27986 inhibition of platelet aggregation is mediated through activation of platelet prostaglandin D2 receptors. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2171039 |
Napier FE and Temple DM | The influence of xanthines on the contractile responses of PGF2 alpha and PGD2 in human parenchymal strips. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2772222 |
Ikai K et al. | Prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin D synthetase in mast cell deficient mice. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6435183 |
Alvarez R et al. | Stimulation of prostaglandin D2 receptors on human platelets by analogs of prostacyclin. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1775633 |
Ashida Y et al. | A novel anti-asthmatic quinone derivative, AA-2414 with a potent antagonistic activity against a variety of spasmogenic prostanoids. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2748922 |
Raisz LG and Woodiel FN | Effect of alterations in the cyclopentane ring on bone resorptive activity of prostaglandin. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2727307 |
Lysz TW et al. | Kupffer cell-hepatocyte interactions and the changes in 1-14C-arachidonate incorporation in response to endotoxin in vitro. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2112770 |
Bulbena O et al. | Mast cells in the rat gastric mucosa are not primarily responsible for PGD2 generation. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1871377 |
Heavey DJ et al. | Effects of intravenous infusions of prostaglandin D2 in man. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6596653 |
Hayashi H et al. | Determination of 9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 by stereospecific antibody in various rat tissues. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3474704 |
Nakahata N et al. | PGJ2 and delta 12PGJ2 inhibit cell growth accompanied with inhibition of phosphoinositide turnover in human astrocytoma cells. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2177901 |
Gerritsen ME | PGD2 formation in the vasculature: characteristics of rat tail vein prostaglandin endoperoxide-D isomerase. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6573722 |
Simmet T and Jaffe BM | Inhibition of B-16 melanoma growth in vitro by prostaglandin D2. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6573723 |
Ishizawa M | Contractile effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on mechanical and electrical activities in longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea-pig colon. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6580679 |
Bregman MD and Meyskens FL | In vitro modulation of human and murine melanoma growth by prostanoid analogues. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6581509 |
Hiroshima O et al. | Basal level of prostaglandin D2 in rat brain by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3532208 |
Sakai T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the proliferation of human malignant tumor cells. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6584941 |
Thierauch KH et al. | Stable 9 beta- or 11 alpha-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandins with high affinity to the PGD2-receptor. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2847246 |
Nakajima M and Toda N | Neuroeffector actions of prostaglandin D2 on isolated dog mesenteric arteries. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6587438 |
Kashimura M et al. | Prostaglandin D2 diminishes transmucosal potential difference in rat colonic mucosa in vitro in contrast to the increasing effect of prostaglandin E1. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2854645 |
Smith GS et al. | Adaptive cytoprotection against alcohol injury in the rat stomach is not due to increased prostanoid synthesis. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1906621 |
Harris DN et al. | 9 alpha-homo-9,11-epoxy-5,13-prostadienoic acid analogues: specific stable agonist (SQ 26, 538) and antagonist (SQ 26, 536) of the human platelet thromboxane receptor. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6270744 |
Xu L et al. | Effect of culture conditions on mast cell eicosanoid synthesis. | 1993 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8493360 |
Sirén AL | Central cardiovascular and thermal effects of prostaglandin D2 in rats. | 1982 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6955803 |
Mitchell MD et al. | The human placenta: a major source of prostaglandin D2. | 1982 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6955806 |
Viganò T et al. | Stimulus-related difference in the formation of leukotrienes and PGD2 after immunological and non-immunological challenge of human lung parenchyma "in vitro". | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020580 |
Koshihara Y and Kawamura M | Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin D2 on DNA synthesis in nuclei. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020589 |
Förstermann U et al. | Studies on the mechanism of central cardiovascular and temperature responses to prostaglandin D2. | 1985 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:2991946 |
Jaschonek K et al. | The binding of 6-oxo-prostaglandin E1 to platelet prostanoid receptors. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020591 |
Todo S et al. | Cell kinetic studies of PGD2 cytotoxicity on the in vitro growth of human neuroblastoma. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3016753 |
Tanaka A et al. | Antiherpetic action of prostaglandin D2. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3029784 |
Horie H et al. | Modulation by prostaglandin D2 of glucagon and insulin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas. | 1983 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6361782 |
Walenga RW et al. | Re-examination of the assay for plasma prostanoids by solid-phase extraction, and radioimmunoassay. | 1985 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3865240 |
Vincent JE et al. | The effect of 5-(2-chlorobenzyl)-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro 4H-thieno (3.2-C)-pyridine-2-one hydrochloride (PCR 3787), a metabolite of ticlopidine, on the aggregation of human platelets in vitro and on the aggregation inhibiting action of PGI2 and PGD2. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6396655 |
Gardiner PJ and Browne JL | Tussive activity of inhaled PGD2 in the cat and characterisation of the receptor(s) involved. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6328541 |
Sugiyama T et al. | Platelet prostaglandin D2 dehydrogenase in patients with myeloproliferative disorders. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3457389 |
Marsden KA et al. | The effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on circulating eosinophils. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6593748 |
Mahmud I et al. | On the identification and biological properties of prostaglandin J2. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6597446 |
Strobl-Jäger E et al. | Influence of type IIa, IIb and IV-hyperlipoproteinemia on platelet prostaglandin sensitivity, plasma thromboxane B2 and platelet half-life. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3540998 |
Okamatsu S and Lefer AM | Cardiac effects of prostaglandins during global ischemia in isolated perfused cat hearts. | 1982 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6952273 |
Kim KA et al. | 15d-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 modulates collagen type I synthesis in human hepatic stellate cells by inducing oxidative stress. | 2005 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16098720 |
Mita H et al. | Generation of thromboxane A2 from highly purified human sinus mast cells after immunological stimulation. | 1999 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:10359019 |
Tokuda H et al. | Function of Rho-kinase in prostaglandin D2-induced interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18771907 |
Berry EB et al. | Differential effects of serum constituents on apoptosis induced by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in WISH epithelial cells. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15253890 |