PGD2

Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with PGD2?

PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Actinobacillus Infections D000189 4 associated lipids
Adenocarcinoma D000230 166 associated lipids
Alzheimer Disease D000544 76 associated lipids
Anal Gland Neoplasms D000694 1 associated lipids
Anaphylaxis D000707 35 associated lipids
Arrhythmias, Cardiac D001145 42 associated lipids
Arteriosclerosis D001161 86 associated lipids
Arthritis D001168 41 associated lipids
Arthritis, Experimental D001169 24 associated lipids
Ascariasis D001196 3 associated lipids
Asthma D001249 52 associated lipids
Astrocytoma D001254 15 associated lipids
Autoimmune Diseases D001327 27 associated lipids
Blister D001768 16 associated lipids
Blood Platelet Disorders D001791 12 associated lipids
Body Weight D001835 333 associated lipids
Brain Damage, Chronic D001925 6 associated lipids
Bronchial Spasm D001986 18 associated lipids
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung D002289 72 associated lipids
Carcinoma, Renal Cell D002292 12 associated lipids
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 189

PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with PGD2

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What functions are associated with PGD2?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What genes are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).

Rodent Model

Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with PGD2

Download all related citations
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 3138
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Bishop-Bailey D and Warner TD PPARgamma ligands induce prostaglandin production in vascular smooth muscle cells: indomethacin acts as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma antagonist. 2003 FASEB J. pmid:12897060
Souza SC et al. TNF-alpha induction of lipolysis is mediated through activation of the extracellular signal related kinase pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 2003 J. Cell. Biochem. pmid:12898507
Zhuang H et al. Prostaglandins of J series control heme oxygenase expression: potential significance in modulating neuroinflammation. 2003 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. pmid:12853315
Pestel S et al. Inhibition of prostaglandin D2 clearance in rat hepatocytes by the thromboxane receptor antagonists daltroban and ifetroban and the thromboxane synthase inhibitor furegrelate. 2003 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:12906929
Pritts EA et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand inhibition of RANTES production by human endometriotic stromal cells is mediated through an upstream promoter element. 2003 Fertil. Steril. pmid:12909507
Zanoni G et al. A --> J prostaglandin swap: a new tactic for cyclopentenone prostaglandin synthesis. 2003 J. Org. Chem. pmid:12919053
Nencioni A et al. Cyclopentenone prostaglandins induce lymphocyte apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway independent of external death receptor signaling. 2003 J. Immunol. pmid:14607914
Zhang M et al. [Apoptosis of human lung cancer cells induced by activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and its mechanism]. 2003 Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi pmid:12921638
Honda K et al. Prostaglandin D2 reinforces Th2 type inflammatory responses of airways to low-dose antigen through bronchial expression of macrophage-derived chemokine. 2003 J. Exp. Med. pmid:12925672
Mendez M and LaPointe MC PPARgamma inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2, PGE2 synthase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in cardiac myocytes. 2003 Hypertension pmid:12885795
Li L et al. Heme oxygenase-1 is an antifibrogenic protein in human hepatic myofibroblasts. 2003 Gastroenterology pmid:12891549
Vosseler CA et al. Structural requirements of cyclopentenone prostaglandins to induce endothelial cell apoptosis. 2003 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:12859958
Aoun P et al. Neuroprotective effects of PPARgamma agonists against oxidative insults in HT-22 cells. 2003 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:12860474
Zanoni G et al. First total synthesis of JS isoprostane. 2003 J. Org. Chem. pmid:12868940
Zahradka P et al. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma1 inhibits human smooth muscle cell proliferation. 2003 Mol. Cell. Biochem. pmid:12841350
Keelan JA et al. Cytokines, prostaglandins and parturition--a review. 2003 Placenta pmid:12842412
Date M et al. 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, a ligand for peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma cells. 2003 Liver Int. pmid:14986820
Kim BE et al. Cytochrome C-dependent Fas-independent apoptotic pathway in HeLa cells induced by delta12-prostaglandin J2. 2003 Exp. Mol. Med. pmid:14508070
Piliponsky AM et al. Non-IgE-dependent activation of human lung- and cord blood-derived mast cells is induced by eosinophil major basic protein and modulated by the membrane form of stem cell factor. 2003 Blood pmid:12393403
Yuan Z et al. Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis. 2003 Cardiovasc. Res. pmid:14499870
Sugimoto H et al. An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of CRTH2, ramatroban (BAY u3405), inhibits prostaglandin D2-induced eosinophil migration in vitro. 2003 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:12649388
Urade Y and Eguchi N [Sleep substances]. 2003 No To Shinkei pmid:12649899
Smith SA et al. Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on rat cultured cerebellar granule neuronal viability. 2003 J. Neurosci. Res. pmid:12774315
Armoni M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma represses GLUT4 promoter activity in primary adipocytes, and rosiglitazone alleviates this effect. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12777391
Shibata T et al. An endogenous electrophile that modulates the regulatory mechanism of protein turnover: inhibitory effects of 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on proteasome. 2003 Biochemistry pmid:14636064
Liu H et al. PPARgamma ligands and ATRA inhibit the invasion of human breast cancer cells in vitro. 2003 Breast Cancer Res. Treat. pmid:12779083
Villegas I et al. A new flavonoid derivative, dosmalfate, attenuates the development of dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in mice. 2003 Int. Immunopharmacol. pmid:14636824
Mitsumori S et al. Synthesis and biological activity of various derivatives of a novel class of potent, selective, and orally active prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists. 1. Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives. 2003 J. Med. Chem. pmid:12773047
Inoue K et al. Effect of 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. 2003 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:14642794
Mitsumori S et al. Synthesis and biological activity of various derivatives of a novel class of potent, selective, and orally active prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists. 2. 6,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane derivatives. 2003 J. Med. Chem. pmid:12773048
Ide T et al. Activation of nuclear receptors by prostaglandins. 2003 Thromb. Res. pmid:14592554
Kim EJ et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activator 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits neuroblastoma cell growth through induction of apoptosis: association with extracellular signal-regulated kinase signal pathway. 2003 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:12966153
Yagami T et al. Novel binding sites of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in plasma membranes from primary rat cortical neurons. 2003 Exp. Cell Res. pmid:14597421
Collin M and Thiemermann C The PPAR-gamma ligand 15-deoxy(delta12,14) prostaglandin J2 reduces the liver injury in endotoxic shock. 2003 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:12969773
Cuzzocrea S et al. Rosiglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, ligands of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), reduce ischaemia/reperfusion injury of the gut. 2003 Br. J. Pharmacol. pmid:12970094
Caivano M et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 regulates endogenous Cot MAPK kinase kinase 1 activity induced by lipopolysaccharide. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14557273
Farrow B et al. Selective activation of PPARgamma inhibits pancreatic cancer invasion and decreases expression of tissue plasminogen activator. 2003 Surgery pmid:12947319
Murakami Y et al. Inhibition of monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced acute inflammation by retrovirally transfected prostaglandin D synthase. 2003 Arthritis Rheum. pmid:14558100
Zhang M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activated by ligands can inhibit human lung cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis. 2003 J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. Med. Sci. pmid:12973930
Niyonsaba F et al. Epithelial cell-derived antibacterial peptides human beta-defensins and cathelicidin: multifunctional activities on mast cells. 2003 Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy pmid:14561157
Powell WS 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2: endogenous PPARgamma ligand or minor eicosanoid degradation product? 2003 J. Clin. Invest. pmid:12975467
Chen YX et al. 15d-PGJ2 inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis of MCG-803 human gastric cancer cell line. 2003 World J. Gastroenterol. pmid:14562367
Bell-Parikh LC et al. Biosynthesis of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 and the ligation of PPARgamma. 2003 J. Clin. Invest. pmid:12975479
Shichijo M et al. Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells activation in vivo increases blood leukocyte counts and its blockade abrogates 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin D2-induced eosinophilia in rats. 2003 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:12975488
Gilroy DW et al. Inducible cyclooxygenase-derived 15-deoxy(Delta)12-14PGJ2 brings about acute inflammatory resolution in rat pleurisy by inducing neutrophil and macrophage apoptosis. 2003 FASEB J. pmid:14563690
Pierzchalska M et al. Deficient prostaglandin E2 production by bronchial fibroblasts of asthmatic patients, with special reference to aspirin-induced asthma. 2003 J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. pmid:12743569
Okano H et al. 15-deoxy-delta-12-14-PGJ2 regulates apoptosis induction and nuclear factor-kappaB activation via a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma. 2003 Lab. Invest. pmid:14563954
Gao L et al. Formation of prostaglandins E2 and D2 via the isoprostane pathway: a mechanism for the generation of bioactive prostaglandins independent of cyclooxygenase. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12746435
Jowsey IR et al. Expression of the murine glutathione S-transferase alpha3 (GSTA3) subunit is markedly induced during adipocyte differentiation: activation of the GSTA3 gene promoter by the pro-adipogenic eicosanoid 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2003 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:14652005
Hammad H et al. Prostaglandin D2 inhibits airway dendritic cell migration and function in steady state conditions by selective activation of the D prostanoid receptor 1. 2003 J. Immunol. pmid:14530310
Fukuda T [Trend in chemical mediator research in asthma and its application for asthma treatment]. 2003 Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi pmid:14531291
Hata AN et al. Expression and molecular pharmacology of the mouse CRTH2 receptor. 2003 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:12721327
Yee LD et al. The antiproliferative effects of PPARgamma ligands in normal human mammary epithelial cells. 2003 Breast Cancer Res. Treat. pmid:12725418
Oliva JL et al. The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 binds to and activates H-Ras. 2003 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. pmid:12684535
Paumi CM et al. Multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 and MRP3 attenuate cytotoxic and transactivating effects of the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)prostaglandin J2 in MCF7 breast cancer cells. 2003 Biochemistry pmid:12731885
Gosset P et al. Prostaglandin D2 affects the maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells: consequence on the polarization of naive Th cells. 2003 J. Immunol. pmid:12734337
Lu S et al. Specific gene expression of isoforms in cyclooxygenase pathway to generate PGJ2 derivatives during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 2003 Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. pmid:12751756
Imaizumi T et al. 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 inhibits IFN-gamma-induced galectin-9 expression in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 2003 Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. pmid:12759491
Sommer A et al. A dominant role for extracellular glutathione S-transferase from Onchocerca volvulus is the production of prostaglandin D2. 2003 Infect. Immun. pmid:12761146
Irikura D et al. Cloning, expression, crystallization, and preliminary X-ray analysis of recombinant mouse lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase, a somnogen-producing enzyme. 2003 J. Biochem. pmid:12761195
Shibata T et al. Thioredoxin as a molecular target of cyclopentenone prostaglandins. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12709421
Zhuang H et al. Regulation of heme oxygenase expression by cyclopentenone prostaglandins. 2003 Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) pmid:12709576
Kämpfer H et al. Cyclooxygenase-1-coupled prostaglandin biosynthesis constitutes an essential prerequisite for skin repair. 2003 J. Invest. Dermatol. pmid:12713596
Brown JR et al. Diminished production of anti-inflammatory mediators during neutrophil apoptosis and macrophage phagocytosis in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). 2003 J. Leukoc. Biol. pmid:12714573
Tautenhahn A et al. Activation-induced PPARgamma expression sensitizes primary human T cells toward apoptosis. 2003 J. Leukoc. Biol. pmid:12714582
Qin C et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. 2003 Cancer Res. pmid:12615709
Kajekar R et al. Role of cyclooxygenase activation and prostaglandins in antigen-induced excitability changes of bronchial parasympathetic ganglia neurons. 2003 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. pmid:12618420
Wanichkul T et al. Cytokine regulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human endometrial cells. 2003 Fertil. Steril. pmid:12620489
Monneret G et al. 15R-methyl-prostaglandin D2 is a potent and selective CRTH2/DP2 receptor agonist in human eosinophils. 2003 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:12490611
Li L et al. RasGRP4 regulates the expression of prostaglandin D2 in human and rat mast cell lines. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12493770
Winnett G et al. Prostaglandin J2 metabolites inhibit aromatase activity by redox-sensitive mechanisms: potential implications for breast cancer therapy. 2003 Int. J. Cancer pmid:12494466
Kalla R et al. Loss of microglial ramification in microglia-astrocyte cocultures: involvement of adenylate cyclase, calcium, phosphatase, and Gi-protein systems. 2003 Glia pmid:12465045
Arici M et al. Stimulation of proximal tubular cell apoptosis by albumin-bound fatty acids mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma. 2003 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. pmid:12506134
Badawi AF and Badr MZ Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and levels of prostaglandin E2 and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human breast cancer and metastasis. 2003 Int. J. Cancer pmid:12455057
Kanaoka Y and Urade Y Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase. 2003 Aug-Sep Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:12895599
Nagata K and Hirai H The second PGD(2) receptor CRTH2: structure, properties, and functions in leukocytes. 2003 Aug-Sep Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:12895600
Powell WS A novel PGD(2) receptor expressed in eosinophils. 2003 Aug-Sep Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:12895601
Kabashima K and Narumiya S The DP receptor, allergic inflammation and asthma. 2003 Aug-Sep Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:12895602
Moore RM et al. Physiological apoptotic agents have different effects upon human amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells. 2003 Feb-Mar Placenta pmid:12566244
PPAR activators and gastroenterology. 2004 Drug News Perspect. pmid:15801147
Inoue K et al. Effects of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on the cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the murine lung in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. 2004 Arzneimittelforschung pmid:15612612
Mitsumori S Recent progress in work on PGD2 antagonists for drugs targeting allergic diseases. 2004 Curr. Pharm. Des. pmid:15579050
Arai I et al. Prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist inhibits the pruritic activity in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. 2004 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:15556157
Marone G et al. The human heart as a shock organ in anaphylaxis. 2004 Novartis Found. Symp. pmid:15025396
Qin C et al. A new class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists that inhibit growth of breast cancer cells: 1,1-Bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substituted phenyl)methanes. 2004 Mol. Cancer Ther. pmid:15026545
Hashimoto K et al. Activation and role of MAP kinases in 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. 2004 Pancreas pmid:15028947
Toyomoto M et al. Prostaglandins are powerful inducers of NGF and BDNF production in mouse astrocyte cultures. 2004 FEBS Lett. pmid:15044028
Tanaka K et al. Effects of prostaglandin D2 on helper T cell functions. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15044085
Liu JD et al. Thiol antioxidant and thiol-reducing agents attenuate 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced heme oxygenase-1 expression. 2004 Life Sci. pmid:14998722
Baek SJ et al. Expression of NAG-1, a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member, by troglitazone requires the early growth response gene EGR-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14662774
Morosetti R et al. The PPARgamma ligands PGJ2 and rosiglitazone show a differential ability to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis and differentiation of human glioblastoma cell lines. 2004 Int. J. Oncol. pmid:15254749
Hofnagel O et al. Proinflammatory cytokines regulate LOX-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2004 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. pmid:15271788
Park KS et al. Neuronal differentiation of embryonic midbrain cells by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma via the JNK-dependent pathway. 2004 Exp. Cell Res. pmid:15212945
Shan ZZ et al. A potential role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 for induction of human articular chondrocyte apoptosis in arthritis. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15213234
Tanaka Y et al. Enhanced release of prostaglandin D2 during re-incubation of RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells after treatment of both lipopolysaccharide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 2004 Biol. Pharm. Bull. pmid:15256727
Jawerbaum A et al. Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation by its endogenous ligand 15-deoxy Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 on nitric oxide production in term placental tissues from diabetic women. 2004 Mol. Hum. Reprod. pmid:15258247
Leung WK et al. Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ligands on growth and gene expression profiles of gastric cancer cells. 2004 Gut pmid:14960510
Mouihate A et al. A novel antipyretic action of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in the rat brain. 2004 J. Neurosci. pmid:14960602
Chatterjee PK et al. The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure. 2004 Cardiovasc. Res. pmid:14962493
Brummond KM et al. The first total synthesis of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the unambiguous assignment of the C14 stereochemistry. 2004 Org. Lett. pmid:14723515