Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
---|
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kozawa O et al. | Mechanism of prostaglandin D(2)-stimulated heat shock protein 27 induction in osteoblasts. | 2001 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:11483406 |
Xu X et al. | Effect of Salusin-β on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and its Possible Mechanism. | 2015 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:26279448 |
Meng Y et al. | Angiotensin II-induced Egr-1 expression is suppressed by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligand 15d-PGJ₂ in macrophages. | 2015 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:25591955 |
Niemoeller OM et al. | Ciglitazone and 15d-PGJ2 induced suicidal erythrocyte death. | 2008 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:18769050 |
Ye F et al. | Quantitative characterization of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 in regulating EGFPSmad2 translocation in CHO cells through PPARgamma/TGFbeta/Smad2 pathway. | 2006 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:16914899 |
Muñoz U et al. | On the mechanism of inhibition of p27 degradation by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in lymphoblasts of Alzheimer's disease patients. | 2008 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:18818877 |
Olmos G et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin-J(2) reveals a new pVHL-independent, lysosomal-dependent mechanism of HIF-1alpha degradation. | 2009 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:19458911 |
Lahaye DH et al. | Effect of bradykinin on loss of density-dependent growth inhibition of normal rat kidney cells. | 1994 | Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) | pmid:7981625 |
Gualde N et al. | Stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis by the serum factor (FTS). | 1982 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:6957270 |
Mulkins MA et al. | Mycophenolic acid inhibits the degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells. | 1992 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:1349511 |
Burke SJ and Collier JJ | The gene encoding cyclooxygenase-2 is regulated by IL-1β and prostaglandins in 832/13 rat insulinoma cells. | 2011 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:21885043 |
Bancos S et al. | Induction of heme oxygenase-1 in normal and malignant B lymphocytes by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) requires Nrf2. | 2010 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:20064636 |
Parker CW et al. | Modulation of IL-4 production in murine spleen cells by prostaglandins. | 1995 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:7720090 |
Moon TC et al. | Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and endogenous cytokine expression by bacterial lipopolysaccharide that acts in synergy with c-kit ligand and Fc epsilon receptor I crosslinking in cultured mast cells. | 1998 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:9636692 |
Farnesi-de-Assunção TS et al. | PPAR-γ agonists, mainly 15d-PGJ(2), reduce eosinophil recruitment following allergen challenge. | 2012 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:22192475 |
Merwald H et al. | Induction of the 72-kilodalton heat shock protein and protection from ultraviolet B-induced cell death in human keratinocytes by repetitive exposure to heat shock or 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2. | 2006 | Cell Stress Chaperones | pmid:16572732 |
Hamel L et al. | Induction of heat shock protein 70 by herbimycin A and cyclopentenone prostaglandins in smooth muscle cells. | 2000 | Cell Stress Chaperones | pmid:11147963 |
Hennersdorf F et al. | Identification of CD13, CD107a, and CD164 as novel basophil-activation markers and dissection of two response patterns in time kinetics of IgE-dependent upregulation. | 2005 | Cell Res. | pmid:15916720 |
Austin S et al. | Induction of the nuclear orphan receptor RORgamma during adipocyte differentiation of D1 and 3T3-L1 cells. | 1998 | Cell Growth Differ. | pmid:9543393 |
Butler R et al. | Nonapoptotic cell death associated with S-phase arrest of prostate cancer cells via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand, 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2000 | Cell Growth Differ. | pmid:10672903 |
Campo PA et al. | Translational regulation of cyclin D1 by 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2). | 2002 | Cell Growth Differ. | pmid:12354750 |
Zhu F et al. | Prostaglandin (PG)D(2) and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2), but not PGE(2), mediate shear-induced chondrocyte apoptosis via protein kinase A-dependent regulation of polo-like kinases. | 2010 | Cell Death Differ. | pmid:20150912 |
Lalier L et al. | Prostaglandins antagonistically control Bax activation during apoptosis. | 2011 | Cell Death Differ. | pmid:20966963 |
Figarella K et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces programmed cell death in Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream form. | 2005 | Cell Death Differ. | pmid:15678148 |
Figarella K et al. | Prostaglandin-induced programmed cell death in Trypanosoma brucei involves oxidative stress. | 2006 | Cell Death Differ. | pmid:16456581 |
Akrishnan VR and Menon VP | Potential role of antioxidants during ethanol-induced changes in the fatty acid composition and arachidonic acid metabolites in male Wistar rats. | 2001 | Cell Biol. Toxicol. | pmid:11504446 |
Torii SI et al. | Thiazolidinedione induces the adipose differentiation of fibroblast-like cells resident within bovine skeletal muscle. | 1998 | Cell Biol. Int. | pmid:10328850 |
Wang JJ and Mak OT | Induction of apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells by PGDâ‚‚ metabolite, 15d-PGJâ‚‚. | 2011 | Cell Biol. Int. | pmid:21999315 |
Maggiora M et al. | Involvement of PPARα and PPARγ in apoptosis and proliferation of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. | 2010 | Cell Biochem. Funct. | pmid:20862655 |
Rehan V and Torday J | Hyperoxia augments pulmonary lipofibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. | 2003 | Cell Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:12794266 |
Makino N et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands attenuate brain natriuretic peptide production and affect remodeling in cardiac fibroblasts in reoxygenation after hypoxia. | 2006 | Cell Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:16456235 |
Kanaoka Y et al. | Cloning and crystal structure of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase. | 1997 | Cell | pmid:9323136 |
Nagy L et al. | Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARgamma. | 1998 | Cell | pmid:9568715 |
Forman BM et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPAR gamma. | 1995 | Cell | pmid:8521497 |
Kliewer SA et al. | A prostaglandin J2 metabolite binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and promotes adipocyte differentiation. | 1995 | Cell | pmid:8521498 |
Tontonoz P et al. | PPARgamma promotes monocyte/macrophage differentiation and uptake of oxidized LDL. | 1998 | Cell | pmid:9568716 |
Takai T et al. | FcR gamma chain deletion results in pleiotrophic effector cell defects. | 1994 | Cell | pmid:8313472 |
Viñals M et al. | Aspirin increases CD36, SR-BI, and ABCA1 expression in human THP-1 macrophages. | 2005 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:15769457 |
Yuan Z et al. | Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis. | 2003 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:14499870 |
Chintalgattu V et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists induce the expression of VEGF and its receptors in cultured cardiac myofibroblasts. | 2007 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:17320065 |
Ramji DP | Growth hormone-releasing peptides, CD36, and stimulation of cholesterol efflux: cyclooxygenase-2 is the link. | 2009 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:19520704 |
Tomita H et al. | Troglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 inhibit shear-induced coupling factor 6 release in endothelial cells. | 2005 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:15949477 |
Bujold K et al. | CD36-mediated cholesterol efflux is associated with PPARgamma activation via a MAPK-dependent COX-2 pathway in macrophages. | 2009 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:19377069 |
Qiu H et al. | Cardiac-generated prostanoids mediate cardiac myocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischaemia. | 2012 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:22707158 |
Chatterjee PK et al. | The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure. | 2004 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:14962493 |
Carlson LM et al. | Low-dose aspirin delays an inflammatory tumor progression in vivo in a transgenic mouse model of neuroblastoma. | 2013 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:23349014 |
Millán O et al. | Potentiation of tumor formation by topical administration of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in a model of skin carcinogenesis. | 2006 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:16113051 |
Pavan L et al. | Human invasive trophoblasts transformed with simian virus 40 provide a new tool to study the role of PPARgamma in cell invasion process. | 2003 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:12807721 |
Kim DH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and subsequently matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human breast cancer cells: possible roles of iron and ROS. | 2009 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:19136476 |
Clay CE et al. | Influence of J series prostaglandins on apoptosis and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells. | 1999 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:10506103 |
Kim EH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces COX-2 expression through Akt-driven AP-1 activation in human breast cancer cells: a potential role of ROS. | 2008 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:18192694 |
Kobayashi Y et al. | Syntheses of 2,6-dideoxy-6-fluoro-2-[(3R and 3S)-3- hydroxytetradecanamido]-3-O-[(3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetra decanoyl]-D- glucopyranose 4-(dihydrogen phosphate) and 2-deoxy-2-[(3R and 3S)-3- hydroxytetradecanamido]-3-O-[(3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetra decanoyl]- alpha-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride 4-(dihydrogen phosphate): fluorosugar analogues of GLA-60. | 1991 | Carbohydr. Res. | pmid:1813114 |
Chen F | Endogenous inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappaB, an opportunity for cancer control. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15548674 |
Atsmon J et al. | Conjugation of 9-deoxy-delta 9,delta 12(E)-prostaglandin D2 with intracellular glutathione and enhancement of its antiproliferative activity by glutathione depletion. | 1990 | Cancer Res. | pmid:2306739 |
Sakai T et al. | Protection by cycloheximide against cytotoxicity induced by vincristine, colchicine, or delta 12-prostaglandin J2 on human osteosarcoma cells. | 1989 | Cancer Res. | pmid:2917351 |
Chiabrando C et al. | Prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis by M5076 ovarian reticulosarcoma during growth: effects of a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. | 1987 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3100032 |
McClay EF et al. | delta 12-Prostaglandin-J2 is cytotoxic in human malignancies and synergizes with both cisplatin and radiation. | 1996 | Cancer Res. | pmid:8752147 |
Rubin GL et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands inhibit estrogen biosynthesis in human breast adipose tissue: possible implications for breast cancer therapy. | 2000 | Cancer Res. | pmid:10749129 |
Houston KD et al. | Inhibition of proliferation and estrogen receptor signaling by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands in uterine leiomyoma. | 2003 | Cancer Res. | pmid:12649180 |
Yang VW et al. | Size-dependent increase in prostanoid levels in adenomas of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. | 1998 | Cancer Res. | pmid:9563494 |
Vanaja DK et al. | Tumor prevention and antitumor immunity with heat shock protein 70 induced by 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate cells. | 2000 | Cancer Res. | pmid:10987274 |
Abdel-Malek ZA et al. | In vitro modulation of proliferation and melanization of S91 melanoma cells by prostaglandins. | 1987 | Cancer Res. | pmid:2438034 |
Ishioka C et al. | Inhibitory effects of prostaglandin A2 on c-myc expression and cell cycle progression in human leukemia cell line HL-60. | 1988 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3162825 |
Iwanaga K et al. | Mast cell-derived prostaglandin D2 inhibits colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. | 2014 | Cancer Res. | pmid:24879565 |
Kim J et al. | Suppression of prostate tumor cell growth by stromal cell prostaglandin D synthase-derived products. | 2005 | Cancer Res. | pmid:16024620 |
Park JM et al. | Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase suppresses intestinal adenomas in ApcMin/+ mice. | 2007 | Cancer Res. | pmid:17283118 |
Kim HJ et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor-alpha via covalent modification of DNA-binding domain. | 2007 | Cancer Res. | pmid:17363578 |
Bregman MD et al. | Inhibition of human melanoma growth by prostaglandin A, D, and J analogues. | 1986 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3698005 |
Kato T et al. | Antitumor activity of delta 7-prostaglandin A1 and delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in vitro and in vivo. | 1986 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3708585 |
Shimakura S and Boland CR | Eicosanoid production by the human gastric cancer cell line AGS and its relation to cell growth. | 1992 | Cancer Res. | pmid:1551103 |
Badawi AF et al. | Inhibition of rat mammary gland carcinogenesis by simultaneous targeting of cyclooxygenase-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:14871855 |
Bhuyan BK et al. | Cell cycle effects of prostaglandins A1, A2, and D2 in human and murine melanoma cells in culture. | 1986 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3456266 |
Kikuchi Y et al. | Inhibition of human ovarian cancer cell growth in vitro and in nude mice by prostaglandin D2. | 1986 | Cancer Res. | pmid:3458525 |
Avis I et al. | Inhibitors of the arachidonic acid pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands have superadditive effects on lung cancer growth inhibition. | 2005 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15899809 |
Grau R et al. | Inhibition of activator protein 1 activation, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in colon carcinoma cells: evidence for a redox-sensitive peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent mechanism. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15289320 |
Chinery R et al. | Prostaglandin J2 and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induce proliferation of cyclooxygenase-depleted colorectal cancer cells. | 1999 | Cancer Res. | pmid:10364000 |
Desmond JC et al. | The aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3 is a novel suppressor of cell differentiation that provides a plausible target for the non-cyclooxygenase-dependent antineoplastic actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | 2003 | Cancer Res. | pmid:12543809 |
Zimmer M et al. | The connectivity map links iron regulatory protein-1-mediated inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-2a translation to the anti-inflammatory 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2010 | Cancer Res. | pmid:20354189 |
Qin C et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. | 2003 | Cancer Res. | pmid:12615709 |
Davies NJ et al. | AKR1C isoforms represent a novel cellular target for jasmonates alongside their mitochondrial-mediated effects. | 2009 | Cancer Res. | pmid:19487289 |
Park EY et al. | Transactivation of the PPAR-responsive enhancer module in chemopreventive glutathione S-transferase gene by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor heterodimer. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15150131 |
Tippin BL et al. | Intestinal tumor suppression in ApcMin/+ mice by prostaglandin D2 receptor PTGDR. | 2014 | Cancer Med | pmid:24729479 |
Fu YG et al. | Inhibition of gastric cancer cells associated angiogenesis by 15d-prostaglandin J2 through the downregulation of angiopoietin-1. | 2006 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:16412567 |
Cesario RM et al. | Differentiation and growth inhibition mediated via the RXR:PPARgamma heterodimer in colon cancer. | 2006 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:16271436 |
Qiao L et al. | Loss of XIAP sensitizes colon cancer cells to PPARgamma independent antitumor effects of troglitazone and 15-PGJ2. | 2008 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:18477501 |
Tan BS et al. | 6-Shogaol inhibits breast and colon cancer cell proliferation through activation of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ). | 2013 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:23612072 |
Núñez NP et al. | PPAR-gamma ligands and amino acid deprivation promote apoptosis of melanoma, prostate, and breast cancer cells. | 2006 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:15979236 |
Sakai T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the proliferation of human neuroblastoma cells. | 1983 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:6572553 |
Siavash H et al. | Targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor by cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. | 2004 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:15194221 |
Hawcroft G et al. | Expression of prostaglandin D2 receptors DP1 and DP2 by human colorectal cancer cells. | 2004 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:15172124 |
Sabichi AL et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma suppresses cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human prostate cells. | 2004 | Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. | pmid:15533896 |
Subbarayan V et al. | Differential peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma isoform expression and agonist effects in normal and malignant prostate cells. | 2004 | Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. | pmid:15533897 |
Nagata D et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and growth inhibition by its ligands in prostate cancer. | 2008 | Cancer Detect. Prev. | pmid:18789607 |
Liu J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma ligands induced cell growth inhibition and its influence on matrix metalloproteinase activity in human myeloid leukemia cells. | 2005 | Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. | pmid:15838654 |
Liao CH et al. | Antiplatelet effect of demethyldiisoeugenol. | 1996 | Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:9022830 |
Coe JY et al. | A fetal-instrumented model to study age-specific responses to leukotriene D4 and prostaglandin D2 in unsedated newborn lambs. | 1989 | Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:2776077 |
Larsen P et al. | Calcium-stimulated short-circuit currents in the canine proximal colonic epithelium: effects of DK-PGD2, a metabolite of prostaglandin D2. | 2002 | Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:12489928 |
Sato T et al. | Decreased hypothalamic prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 contents during isoflurane anaesthesia in rats. | 1995 | Can J Anaesth | pmid:8590493 |
Takagi T et al. | Effect of prostaglandin D2 on the femoral bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats. | 1993 | Calcif. Tissue Int. | pmid:8369992 |
Maurin AC et al. | Expression of PPARgamma and beta/delta in human primary osteoblastic cells: influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2005 | Calcif. Tissue Int. | pmid:15868283 |