PGD2

Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with PGD2?

PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Body Weight D001835 333 associated lipids
Lung Neoplasms D008175 171 associated lipids
Adenocarcinoma D000230 166 associated lipids
Colonic Neoplasms D003110 161 associated lipids
Edema D004487 152 associated lipids
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular D006528 140 associated lipids
Hemolysis D006461 131 associated lipids
Prostatic Neoplasms D011471 126 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic D002471 126 associated lipids
Inflammation D007249 119 associated lipids
Hypertension D006973 115 associated lipids
Glioma D005910 112 associated lipids
Hypercholesterolemia D006937 91 associated lipids
Diabetes Mellitus D003920 90 associated lipids
Brain Ischemia D002545 89 associated lipids
Seizures D012640 87 associated lipids
Arteriosclerosis D001161 86 associated lipids
Atherosclerosis D050197 85 associated lipids
Pancreatic Neoplasms D010190 77 associated lipids
Alzheimer Disease D000544 76 associated lipids
Stomach Ulcer D013276 75 associated lipids
Leukemia D007938 74 associated lipids
Hyperlipidemias D006949 73 associated lipids
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung D002289 72 associated lipids
Coronary Disease D003327 70 associated lipids
Melanoma D008545 69 associated lipids
Colitis D003092 69 associated lipids
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental D008325 67 associated lipids
Liver Cirrhosis D008103 67 associated lipids
Neuroblastoma D009447 66 associated lipids
Cystic Fibrosis D003550 65 associated lipids
Reperfusion Injury D015427 65 associated lipids
Pain D010146 64 associated lipids
Weight Loss D015431 56 associated lipids
Parkinson Disease D010300 53 associated lipids
Nerve Degeneration D009410 53 associated lipids
Asthma D001249 52 associated lipids
Leukemia, Myeloid D007951 52 associated lipids
Kidney Failure, Chronic D007676 51 associated lipids
Osteosarcoma D012516 50 associated lipids
Thrombosis D013927 49 associated lipids
Precancerous Conditions D011230 48 associated lipids
Coronary Artery Disease D003324 47 associated lipids
Hypersensitivity, Delayed D006968 43 associated lipids
Leukemia P388 D007941 43 associated lipids
Arrhythmias, Cardiac D001145 42 associated lipids
Leukemia, Experimental D007942 42 associated lipids
Hyperalgesia D006930 42 associated lipids
Hypotension D007022 41 associated lipids
Arthritis D001168 41 associated lipids
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PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with PGD2

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What functions are associated with PGD2?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What genes are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).

Rodent Model

Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with PGD2

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Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 3138
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Qu WM et al. Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase produces prostaglandin D2 involved in regulation of physiological sleep. 2006 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. pmid:17093043
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Akabane H et al. Effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate on immunological activation of human cultured mast cells. 2006 Allergol Int pmid:17130681
Ishimura M et al. Effects of KP-496, a novel dual antagonist for leukotriene D4 and thromboxane A2 receptors, on contractions induced by various agonists in the guinea pig trachea. 2006 Allergol Int pmid:17130683
Mazid MA et al. Endogenous 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) synthesized by adipocytes during maturation phase contributes to upregulation of fat storage. 2006 FEBS Lett. pmid:17150216
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Kang DS et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces renal epithelial cell death through NF-kappaB-dependent and MAPK-independent mechanism. 2006 Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. pmid:16890972
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Hauser B et al. Effects of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 during hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia. 2006 Intensive Care Med pmid:16534570
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Rockwell CE et al. Interleukin-2 suppression by 2-arachidonyl glycerol is mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma independently of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. 2006 Mol. Pharmacol. pmid:16611855
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Cheng K et al. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans. 2006 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. pmid:16617107
Sheddan NA and Mulzer J Cross metathesis as a general strategy for the synthesis of prostacyclin and prostaglandin analogues. 2006 Org. Lett. pmid:16805562
Chiang PC et al. Induction of Fas clustering and apoptosis by coral prostanoid in human hormone-resistant prostate cancer cells. 2006 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:16806159
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El Mezayen R et al. Effect of thymoquinone on cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. 2006 Immunol. Lett. pmid:16762422
Kobayashi M et al. ATM activation by a sulfhydryl-reactive inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandin. 2006 Genes Cells pmid:16824197
Ding J et al. Cyclooxygenase isozymes are expressed in human myeloma cells but not involved in anti-proliferative effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. 2006 Mol. Carcinog. pmid:16385588
Ogburn KD and Figueiredo-Pereira ME Cytoskeleton/endoplasmic reticulum collapse induced by prostaglandin J2 parallels centrosomal deposition of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16774923
Landar A et al. Interaction of electrophilic lipid oxidation products with mitochondria in endothelial cells and formation of reactive oxygen species. 2006 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. pmid:16387790
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Wang Z et al. Prostaglandin J2 alters pro-survival and pro-death gene expression patterns and 26 S proteasome assembly in human neuroblastoma cells. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16737963
Yasugi E et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands stimulate myeloid differentiation and lipogenensis in human leukemia NB4 cells. 2006 Dev. Growth Differ. pmid:16573735
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Brannan JD et al. Inhibition of mast cell PGD2 release protects against mannitol-induced airway narrowing. 2006 Eur. Respir. J. pmid:16707393
Suzuki T et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human breast carcinoma: a modulator of estrogenic actions. 2006 Endocr. Relat. Cancer pmid:16601291
Grill M et al. Systemic inflammation induces COX-2 mediated prostaglandin D2 biosynthesis in mice spinal cord. 2006 Neuropharmacology pmid:16182321
Zhao X et al. 15d-Prostaglandin J2 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, promotes expression of catalase, and reduces inflammation, behavioral dysfunction, and neuronal loss after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. 2006 J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. pmid:16208315
Landar A et al. Induction of the permeability transition and cytochrome c release by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in mitochondria. 2006 Biochem. J. pmid:16268779
Cesario RM et al. Differentiation and growth inhibition mediated via the RXR:PPARgamma heterodimer in colon cancer. 2006 Cancer Lett. pmid:16271436
Ye P et al. [The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in proliferation of cardiac non myocytes]. 2006 Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi pmid:21162229
Garg TK and Chang JY Methylmercury causes oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in microglia: attenuation by 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2. 2006 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:16225932
Shiraki T et al. Spectroscopic analyses of the binding kinetics of 15d-PGJ2 to the PPARgamma ligand-binding domain by multi-wavelength global fitting. 2006 Biochem. J. pmid:16236024
Cho WH et al. 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) induces cell death through caspase-independent mechanism in A172 human glioma cells. 2006 Neurochem. Res. pmid:17006759
Maciejewski-Lenoir D et al. Langerhans cells release prostaglandin D2 in response to nicotinic acid. 2006 J. Invest. Dermatol. pmid:17008871
Wilson RJ et al. GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist. 2006 Br. J. Pharmacol. pmid:16604093
Millán O et al. Potentiation of tumor formation by topical administration of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in a model of skin carcinogenesis. 2006 Carcinogenesis pmid:16113051
Gulliksson M et al. Release of prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 in response to hyperosmolar stimulation of mast cells. 2006 Allergy pmid:17073880
Phulwani NK et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and ciglitazone modulate Staphylococcus aureus-dependent astrocyte activation primarily through a PPAR-gamma-independent pathway. 2006 J. Neurochem. pmid:17074064
Kim EH et al. Upregulation of VEGF by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 via heme oxygenase-1 and ERK1/2 signaling in MCF-7 cells. 2006 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. pmid:17384282
Aquila S et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is expressed by human spermatozoa: its potential role on the sperm physiology. 2006 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:16972250
Gayarre J et al. Addition of electrophilic lipids to actin alters filament structure. 2006 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:16979589
Zhang YJ et al. Effect of 15d-PGJ2 on the expression of CD40 and RANTES induced by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). 2006 Am. J. Nephrol. pmid:16864989
Schratl P et al. Hierarchy of eosinophil chemoattractants: role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. 2006 Eur. J. Immunol. pmid:16906532
Ciucci A et al. Induction of apoptosis in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells by natural and synthetic cyclopentenones: role of the IkappaB kinase/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. 2006 Mol. Pharmacol. pmid:16908599
Egan K and FitzGerald GA Eicosanoids and the vascular endothelium. 2006 Handb Exp Pharmacol pmid:16999220
Sugimoto M et al. Time course changes of scratching counts, dermatitis symptoms, and levels of cutaneous prostaglandins in NC/Nga mice. 2006 Exp. Dermatol. pmid:17002684
Feldon SE et al. Activated human T lymphocytes express cyclooxygenase-2 and produce proadipogenic prostaglandins that drive human orbital fibroblast differentiation to adipocytes. 2006 Am. J. Pathol. pmid:17003477
Peeraully MR et al. Prostaglandin D2 and J2-series (PGJ2, Delta12-PGJ2) prostaglandins stimulate IL-6 and MCP-1, but inhibit leptin, expression and secretion by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 2006 Pflugers Arch. pmid:16924534
Eucker J et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma. 2006 Anticancer Drugs pmid:16926626
Satoh T et al. Prostaglandin D2 plays an essential role in chronic allergic inflammation of the skin via CRTH2 receptor. 2006 J. Immunol. pmid:16888024
Sugimoto M et al. COX-1 inhibition enhances scratching behaviour in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. 2006 Exp. Dermatol. pmid:16842596
Quinkler M et al. Depot-specific prostaglandin synthesis in human adipose tissue: a novel possible mechanism of adipogenesis. 2006 Gene pmid:16842938
Raikwar HP et al. PPARgamma antagonists reverse the inhibition of neural antigen-specific Th1 response and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by Ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2006 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:16844232
Willermain F et al. 15-Deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits interferon gamma induced MHC class II but not class I expression on ARPE cells through a PPAR gamma independent mechanism. 2006 Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. pmid:16939878
Lim HJ et al. PPARgamma activation induces CD36 expression and stimulates foam cell like changes in rVSMCs. 2006 Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. pmid:16939881
Damrongsri D et al. Effects of Delta12-prostaglandin J2 on bone regeneration and growth factor expression in rats. 2006 Clin Oral Implants Res pmid:16441784
Mesquita-Santos FP et al. Cutting edge: prostaglandin D2 enhances leukotriene C4 synthesis by eosinophils during allergic inflammation: synergistic in vivo role of endogenous eotaxin. 2006 J. Immunol. pmid:16424158
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Kang HY et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma activator, ciglitazone, inhibits human melanocyte growth through induction of apoptosis. 2006 Arch. Dermatol. Res. pmid:16474974
Schröder O et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase type 2 in colon cancer cells. 2006 J. Lipid Res. pmid:16495511
King VL et al. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with celecoxib decreases angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice. 2006 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. pmid:16514081
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Takai S et al. Prostaglandin D2 induces the phosphorylation of HSP27 in osteoblasts: function of the MAP kinase superfamily. 2006 Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:16876988
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Moulin D et al. Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)gamma agonists on prostaglandins cascade in joint cells. 2006 Biorheology pmid:16912428
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Marchini C et al. Aspirin modulates LPS-induced nitric oxide release in rat glial cells. 2005 Jun 10-17 Neurosci. Lett. pmid:15882795
Marshall JC Modeling MODS: what can be learned from animal models of the multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome? 2005 Intensive Care Med pmid:15782317
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Fowler CJ and Tiger G Cyclooxygenation of the arachidonoyl side chain of 1-arachidonoylglycerol and related compounds block their ability to prevent anandamide and 2-oleoylglycerol metabolism by rat brain in vitro. 2005 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:15794945
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Wu CC et al. 2-(2-Br-phenyl)-8-methoxy-benzoxazinone (HPW-RX2), a direct thrombin inhibitor with a suppressive effect on thromboxane formation in platelets. 2005 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:16313903
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Martínez B et al. The mitochondrial respiratory complex I is a target for 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 action. 2005 J. Lipid Res. pmid:15654126
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Allred CD and Kilgore MW Selective activation of PPARgamma in breast, colon, and lung cancer cell lines. 2005 Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. pmid:15866424
Marzocco S et al. The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxydelta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 attenuates the development of zymosan-induced shock. 2005 Intensive Care Med pmid:15868139
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De Oliveira C et al. Insulin alters nuclear factor-lambdaB and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma protein expression induced by glycated bovine serum albumin in vascular smooth-muscle cells. 2005 J. Lab. Clin. Med. pmid:15871306
Capobianco E et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) levels in term placental tissues from control and diabetic rats: modulatory effects of a PPARgamma agonist on nitridergic and lipid placental metabolism. 2005 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. pmid:15899154
Avis I et al. Inhibitors of the arachidonic acid pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands have superadditive effects on lung cancer growth inhibition. 2005 Cancer Res. pmid:15899809
Costello DA et al. Agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma attenuate the Abeta-mediated impairment of LTP in the hippocampus in vitro. 2005 Neuropharmacology pmid:15993441
Patel KM et al. Differential modulation of COX-2 expression in A549 airway epithelial cells by structurally distinct PPAR(gamma) agonists: evidence for disparate functional effects which are independent of NF-(kappa)B and PPAR(gamma). 2005 Cell. Signal. pmid:15993751
Zurich MG et al. Unusual astrocyte reactivity caused by the food mycotoxin ochratoxin A in aggregating rat brain cell cultures. 2005 Neuroscience pmid:15994020
Chacón P et al. Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by allergens in lymphocytes from allergic patients. 2005 Eur. J. Immunol. pmid:15997464