Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Qu WM et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase produces prostaglandin D2 involved in regulation of physiological sleep. | 2006 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:17093043 |
Arai I | [Role of cutaneous prostaglandin D2 production on scratching dermatitis in mice]. | 2006 | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi | pmid:17167214 |
Akabane H et al. | Effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate on immunological activation of human cultured mast cells. | 2006 | Allergol Int | pmid:17130681 |
Ishimura M et al. | Effects of KP-496, a novel dual antagonist for leukotriene D4 and thromboxane A2 receptors, on contractions induced by various agonists in the guinea pig trachea. | 2006 | Allergol Int | pmid:17130683 |
Mazid MA et al. | Endogenous 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) synthesized by adipocytes during maturation phase contributes to upregulation of fat storage. | 2006 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:17150216 |
Rousseaux C and Desreumaux P | [The peroxisome-proliferator-activated gamma receptor and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (PPARgamma and IBD)]. | 2006 | J. Soc. Biol. | pmid:17151549 |
Kang DS et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces renal epithelial cell death through NF-kappaB-dependent and MAPK-independent mechanism. | 2006 | Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. | pmid:16890972 |
Mohri I et al. | Prostaglandin D2-mediated microglia/astrocyte interaction enhances astrogliosis and demyelination in twitcher. | 2006 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:16624958 |
Hauser B et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 during hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia. | 2006 | Intensive Care Med | pmid:16534570 |
Lee SJ et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoic acid X receptor alpha represses the TGFbeta1 gene via PTEN-mediated p70 ribosomal S6 kinase-1 inhibition: role for Zf9 dephosphorylation. | 2006 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:16611854 |
Rockwell CE et al. | Interleukin-2 suppression by 2-arachidonyl glycerol is mediated through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma independently of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. | 2006 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:16611855 |
Arnold R and König W | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in human lung epithelial cells. | 2006 | Virology | pmid:16616290 |
Cheng K et al. | Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans. | 2006 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:16617107 |
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El Mezayen R et al. | Effect of thymoquinone on cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. | 2006 | Immunol. Lett. | pmid:16762422 |
Kobayashi M et al. | ATM activation by a sulfhydryl-reactive inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandin. | 2006 | Genes Cells | pmid:16824197 |
Ding J et al. | Cyclooxygenase isozymes are expressed in human myeloma cells but not involved in anti-proliferative effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. | 2006 | Mol. Carcinog. | pmid:16385588 |
Ogburn KD and Figueiredo-Pereira ME | Cytoskeleton/endoplasmic reticulum collapse induced by prostaglandin J2 parallels centrosomal deposition of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16774923 |
Landar A et al. | Interaction of electrophilic lipid oxidation products with mitochondria in endothelial cells and formation of reactive oxygen species. | 2006 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:16387790 |
Zhang M et al. | Curcumin inhibits trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis in rats by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2006 | Int. Immunopharmacol. | pmid:16782535 |
Shimizu T et al. | A role of PPAR-gamma in androstenediol-mediated salutary effects on cardiac function following trauma-hemorrhage. | 2006 | Ann. Surg. | pmid:16794398 |
Chen Y et al. | Effects of PPARgamma agonists on cell survival and focal adhesions in a Chinese thyroid carcinoma cell line. | 2006 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:16795079 |
Wang Z et al. | Prostaglandin J2 alters pro-survival and pro-death gene expression patterns and 26 S proteasome assembly in human neuroblastoma cells. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16737963 |
Yasugi E et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands stimulate myeloid differentiation and lipogenensis in human leukemia NB4 cells. | 2006 | Dev. Growth Differ. | pmid:16573735 |
Cuzzocrea S | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and acute lung injury. | 2006 | Curr Opin Pharmacol | pmid:16580256 |
Brannan JD et al. | Inhibition of mast cell PGD2 release protects against mannitol-induced airway narrowing. | 2006 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:16707393 |
Suzuki T et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human breast carcinoma: a modulator of estrogenic actions. | 2006 | Endocr. Relat. Cancer | pmid:16601291 |
Grill M et al. | Systemic inflammation induces COX-2 mediated prostaglandin D2 biosynthesis in mice spinal cord. | 2006 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:16182321 |
Zhao X et al. | 15d-Prostaglandin J2 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, promotes expression of catalase, and reduces inflammation, behavioral dysfunction, and neuronal loss after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. | 2006 | J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. | pmid:16208315 |
Landar A et al. | Induction of the permeability transition and cytochrome c release by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in mitochondria. | 2006 | Biochem. J. | pmid:16268779 |
Cesario RM et al. | Differentiation and growth inhibition mediated via the RXR:PPARgamma heterodimer in colon cancer. | 2006 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:16271436 |
Ye P et al. | [The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in proliferation of cardiac non myocytes]. | 2006 | Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi | pmid:21162229 |
Garg TK and Chang JY | Methylmercury causes oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in microglia: attenuation by 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2. | 2006 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:16225932 |
Shiraki T et al. | Spectroscopic analyses of the binding kinetics of 15d-PGJ2 to the PPARgamma ligand-binding domain by multi-wavelength global fitting. | 2006 | Biochem. J. | pmid:16236024 |
Cho WH et al. | 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) induces cell death through caspase-independent mechanism in A172 human glioma cells. | 2006 | Neurochem. Res. | pmid:17006759 |
Maciejewski-Lenoir D et al. | Langerhans cells release prostaglandin D2 in response to nicotinic acid. | 2006 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:17008871 |
Wilson RJ et al. | GW627368X ((N-{2-[4-(4,9-diethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[f]isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]acetyl} benzene sulphonamide): a novel, potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist. | 2006 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16604093 |
Millán O et al. | Potentiation of tumor formation by topical administration of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in a model of skin carcinogenesis. | 2006 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:16113051 |
Gulliksson M et al. | Release of prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 in response to hyperosmolar stimulation of mast cells. | 2006 | Allergy | pmid:17073880 |
Phulwani NK et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and ciglitazone modulate Staphylococcus aureus-dependent astrocyte activation primarily through a PPAR-gamma-independent pathway. | 2006 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:17074064 |
Kim EH et al. | Upregulation of VEGF by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 via heme oxygenase-1 and ERK1/2 signaling in MCF-7 cells. | 2006 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:17384282 |
Aquila S et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is expressed by human spermatozoa: its potential role on the sperm physiology. | 2006 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:16972250 |
Gayarre J et al. | Addition of electrophilic lipids to actin alters filament structure. | 2006 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:16979589 |
Zhang YJ et al. | Effect of 15d-PGJ2 on the expression of CD40 and RANTES induced by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). | 2006 | Am. J. Nephrol. | pmid:16864989 |
Schratl P et al. | Hierarchy of eosinophil chemoattractants: role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. | 2006 | Eur. J. Immunol. | pmid:16906532 |
Ciucci A et al. | Induction of apoptosis in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells by natural and synthetic cyclopentenones: role of the IkappaB kinase/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. | 2006 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:16908599 |
Egan K and FitzGerald GA | Eicosanoids and the vascular endothelium. | 2006 | Handb Exp Pharmacol | pmid:16999220 |
Sugimoto M et al. | Time course changes of scratching counts, dermatitis symptoms, and levels of cutaneous prostaglandins in NC/Nga mice. | 2006 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:17002684 |
Feldon SE et al. | Activated human T lymphocytes express cyclooxygenase-2 and produce proadipogenic prostaglandins that drive human orbital fibroblast differentiation to adipocytes. | 2006 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:17003477 |
Peeraully MR et al. | Prostaglandin D2 and J2-series (PGJ2, Delta12-PGJ2) prostaglandins stimulate IL-6 and MCP-1, but inhibit leptin, expression and secretion by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. | 2006 | Pflugers Arch. | pmid:16924534 |
Eucker J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma. | 2006 | Anticancer Drugs | pmid:16926626 |
Satoh T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 plays an essential role in chronic allergic inflammation of the skin via CRTH2 receptor. | 2006 | J. Immunol. | pmid:16888024 |
Sugimoto M et al. | COX-1 inhibition enhances scratching behaviour in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. | 2006 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:16842596 |
Quinkler M et al. | Depot-specific prostaglandin synthesis in human adipose tissue: a novel possible mechanism of adipogenesis. | 2006 | Gene | pmid:16842938 |
Raikwar HP et al. | PPARgamma antagonists reverse the inhibition of neural antigen-specific Th1 response and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by Ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2006 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:16844232 |
Willermain F et al. | 15-Deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits interferon gamma induced MHC class II but not class I expression on ARPE cells through a PPAR gamma independent mechanism. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:16939878 |
Lim HJ et al. | PPARgamma activation induces CD36 expression and stimulates foam cell like changes in rVSMCs. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:16939881 |
Damrongsri D et al. | Effects of Delta12-prostaglandin J2 on bone regeneration and growth factor expression in rats. | 2006 | Clin Oral Implants Res | pmid:16441784 |
Mesquita-Santos FP et al. | Cutting edge: prostaglandin D2 enhances leukotriene C4 synthesis by eosinophils during allergic inflammation: synergistic in vivo role of endogenous eotaxin. | 2006 | J. Immunol. | pmid:16424158 |
MartÃn AR et al. | The effects of resveratrol, a phytoalexin derived from red wines, on chronic inflammation induced in an experimentally induced colitis model. | 2006 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16474422 |
Kang HY et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma activator, ciglitazone, inhibits human melanocyte growth through induction of apoptosis. | 2006 | Arch. Dermatol. Res. | pmid:16474974 |
Schröder O et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase type 2 in colon cancer cells. | 2006 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:16495511 |
King VL et al. | Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with celecoxib decreases angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice. | 2006 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:16514081 |
Ray DM et al. | The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and ciglitazone induce human B lymphocyte and B cell lymphoma apoptosis by PPARgamma-independent mechanisms. | 2006 | J. Immunol. | pmid:17015690 |
Takai S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces the phosphorylation of HSP27 in osteoblasts: function of the MAP kinase superfamily. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16876988 |
Piraino G et al. | Synergistic effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma and liver X receptor-alpha in the regulation of inflammation in macrophages. | 2006 | Shock | pmid:16878022 |
Moulin D et al. | Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)gamma agonists on prostaglandins cascade in joint cells. | 2006 | Biorheology | pmid:16912428 |
Yeh CH et al. | Cardiomyocytic apoptosis following global cardiac ischemia and reperfusion can be attenuated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha but not gamma activators. | 2006 | Shock | pmid:16912651 |
Ye F et al. | Quantitative characterization of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 in regulating EGFPSmad2 translocation in CHO cells through PPARgamma/TGFbeta/Smad2 pathway. | 2006 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:16914899 |
Calabrò P et al. | Inhibition of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha induced endothelial cell activation by a new class of PPAR-gamma agonists. An in vitro study showing receptor-independent effects. | 2005 Nov-Dec | J. Vasc. Res. | pmid:16155367 |
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Marshall JC | Modeling MODS: what can be learned from animal models of the multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome? | 2005 | Intensive Care Med | pmid:15782317 |
Gazi L et al. | Delta12-prostaglandin D2 is a potent and selective CRTH2 receptor agonist and causes activation of human eosinophils and Th2 lymphocytes. | 2005 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:15789622 |
Fowler CJ and Tiger G | Cyclooxygenation of the arachidonoyl side chain of 1-arachidonoylglycerol and related compounds block their ability to prevent anandamide and 2-oleoylglycerol metabolism by rat brain in vitro. | 2005 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:15794945 |
Dore-Duffy P et al. | The CNS pericyte response to low oxygen: early synthesis of cyclopentenone prostaglandins of the J-series. | 2005 | Microvasc. Res. | pmid:15797264 |
Liu J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma ligands induced cell growth inhibition and its influence on matrix metalloproteinase activity in human myeloid leukemia cells. | 2005 | Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. | pmid:15838654 |
Wu CC et al. | 2-(2-Br-phenyl)-8-methoxy-benzoxazinone (HPW-RX2), a direct thrombin inhibitor with a suppressive effect on thromboxane formation in platelets. | 2005 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16313903 |
Yuhas Y et al. | Involvement of prostaglandins in an animal model of Shigella-related seizures. | 2005 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:16139898 |
Hatoum OA et al. | Novel mechanism of vasodilation in inflammatory bowel disease. | 2005 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:16141408 |
Noguchi J et al. | Strain difference of murine bone marrow-derived mast cell functions. | 2005 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:16126842 |
Jin YR et al. | An antithrombotic agent, NQ301, inhibits thromboxane A2 receptor and synthase activity in rabbit platelets. | 2005 | Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. | pmid:16128910 |
Shiraishi Y et al. | Prostaglandin D2-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation is mediated by CRTH2 receptor. | 2005 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:15528449 |
Boyce JA | Eicosanoid mediators of mast cells: receptors, regulation of synthesis, and pathobiologic implications. | 2005 | Chem Immunol Allergy | pmid:16107763 |
Hata AN et al. | Identification of determinants of ligand binding affinity and selectivity in the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2. | 2005 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16030019 |
Motilva V et al. | COX expression and PGE(2) and PGD(2) production in experimental acute and chronic gastric lesions. | 2005 | Int. Immunopharmacol. | pmid:15652766 |
MartÃnez B et al. | The mitochondrial respiratory complex I is a target for 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 action. | 2005 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:15654126 |
Liang X et al. | Prostaglandin D2 mediates neuronal protection via the DP1 receptor. | 2005 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:15659218 |
Allred CD and Kilgore MW | Selective activation of PPARgamma in breast, colon, and lung cancer cell lines. | 2005 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:15866424 |
Marzocco S et al. | The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxydelta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 attenuates the development of zymosan-induced shock. | 2005 | Intensive Care Med | pmid:15868139 |
Yoshida M et al. | Methotrexate suppresses inflammatory agonist induced interleukin 6 synthesis in osteoblasts. | 2005 | J. Rheumatol. | pmid:15868610 |
Li X et al. | Expression and regulation of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in human osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes. | 2005 | J. Rheumatol. | pmid:15868626 |
De Oliveira C et al. | Insulin alters nuclear factor-lambdaB and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma protein expression induced by glycated bovine serum albumin in vascular smooth-muscle cells. | 2005 | J. Lab. Clin. Med. | pmid:15871306 |
Capobianco E et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) levels in term placental tissues from control and diabetic rats: modulatory effects of a PPARgamma agonist on nitridergic and lipid placental metabolism. | 2005 | Reprod. Fertil. Dev. | pmid:15899154 |
Avis I et al. | Inhibitors of the arachidonic acid pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands have superadditive effects on lung cancer growth inhibition. | 2005 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15899809 |
Costello DA et al. | Agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma attenuate the Abeta-mediated impairment of LTP in the hippocampus in vitro. | 2005 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:15993441 |
Patel KM et al. | Differential modulation of COX-2 expression in A549 airway epithelial cells by structurally distinct PPAR(gamma) agonists: evidence for disparate functional effects which are independent of NF-(kappa)B and PPAR(gamma). | 2005 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:15993751 |
Zurich MG et al. | Unusual astrocyte reactivity caused by the food mycotoxin ochratoxin A in aggregating rat brain cell cultures. | 2005 | Neuroscience | pmid:15994020 |
Chacón P et al. | Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by allergens in lymphocytes from allergic patients. | 2005 | Eur. J. Immunol. | pmid:15997464 |