Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Hughes-Fulford M and Fukushima M | Control of cell cycle by metabolites of prostaglandin D2 through a non-cAMP mediated mechanism. | 1993 | Life Sci Adv Exp Clin Endocrinol | pmid:11539936 |
Campbell AM et al. | Conjunctival provocation tests with codeine phosphate. Effect of disodium cromoglycate. | 1993 | Ann Allergy | pmid:7687104 |
Charlesworth EN et al. | Cutaneous late-phase response in food-allergic children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis. | 1993 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:7687509 |
al-Laith M and Pearce FL | On the mechanism of action of sodium orthovanadate in inducing histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. | 1993 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:7689004 |
Marone G et al. | Mechanisms of activation of human mast cells and basophils by general anesthetic drugs. | 1993 | Ann Fr Anesth Reanim | pmid:7690200 |
Naclerio RM | Effects of antihistamines on inflammatory mediators. | 1993 | Ann Allergy | pmid:7690526 |
Ko FN et al. | Inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation and adhesion by a pseudocyanide derivative of avicine isolated from Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum Merr. | 1993 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:8216367 |
Sawyer MM et al. | Arachidonic acid immunoregulation in lambs persistently infected with border disease virus. | 1993 | Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. | pmid:8281741 |
Spitzer JA and Mayer AM | Hepatic neutrophil influx: eicosanoid and superoxide formation in endotoxemia. | 1993 | J. Surg. Res. | pmid:8412083 |
Baker DG et al. | Cellular and chemical mediators of type 1 hypersensitivity in calves infected with Ostertagia ostertagi: histamine, prostaglandin D2, prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene C4. | 1993 | Int. J. Parasitol. | pmid:8359983 |
Faili A et al. | Reduction by arachidonic acid of prostaglandin I2-induced cyclic AMP formation. Involvement of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha. | 1993 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:8388209 |
Matsuo T and Cynader MS | The EP2 receptor is the predominant prostanoid receptor in the human ciliary muscle. | 1993 | Br J Ophthalmol | pmid:8435410 |
Woodward DF et al. | Further studies on ocular responses to DP receptor stimulation. | 1993 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:8440310 |
Nakazawa I et al. | Some features in prostaglandin synthesis of the cancer cells which metastasized into liver from intestinal cancer lesions. | 1993 | Tohoku J. Exp. Med. | pmid:8266326 |
Koizumi T et al. | Activation of heat shock transcription factors by delta 12-prostaglandin J2 and its inhibition by intracellular glutathione. | 1993 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:8328983 |
Furukawa F et al. | Relationship between heat shock protein induction and the binding of antibodies to the extractable nuclear antigens on cultured human keratinocytes. | 1993 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:8345220 |
Harada T et al. | Arachidonic acid metabolism by isolated and cultured middle ear epithelial cells from the chinchilla. | 1993 | Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol | pmid:8369117 |
Takagi T et al. | Effect of prostaglandin D2 on the femoral bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats. | 1993 | Calcif. Tissue Int. | pmid:8369992 |
Püschel GP et al. | Increase in prostanoid formation in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) by human anaphylatoxin C3a. | 1993 | Hepatology | pmid:8244278 |
Neuschäfer-Rube F et al. | Characterization of prostaglandin-F2 alpha-binding sites on rat hepatocyte plasma membranes. | 1993 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:8425526 |
Jaffar ZH and Pearce FL | Some characteristics of the ATP-induced histamine release from and permeabilization of rat mast cells. | 1993 | Agents Actions | pmid:7511869 |
Spatz M et al. | Prostaglandin D2 and endothelin-1 induce the production of prostaglandin F2 alpha, 9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2, prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane in capillary endothelium of human brain. | 1993 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:7505058 |
Casolaro V et al. | Nimesulide, a sulfonanilide nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, inhibits mediator release from human basophils and mast cells. | 1993 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:7505332 |
Hay DW et al. | Relative contributions of direct and indirect mechanisms mediating endothelin-induced contraction of guinea-pig trachea. | 1993 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:7507780 |
Twentyman OP et al. | The effect of H1-receptor blockade on the development of early- and late-phase bronchoconstriction and increased bronchial responsiveness in allergen-induced asthma. | 1993 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:8099592 |
Inase N et al. | Mitogen-inducible prostaglandin G/H synthase is expressed in canine mastocytoma cells. | 1993 | Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. | pmid:8217194 |
Itoh Y et al. | [Inhibitory effects of AA-2414, a thromboxane (Tx) A2 receptor antagonist, on U-46619-, prostaglandin (PG) D2- and 9 alpha, 11 beta PGF2-induced contractions of guinea pig tracheas and isolated human bronchi]. | 1993 | Arerugi | pmid:8279967 |
Liu P et al. | [Effects of magnesium lithospermate B on D-galactosamine induced rat liver injury]. | 1993 | Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi | pmid:8257841 |
van der Linden PW et al. | Insect-sting challenge in 138 patients: relation between clinical severity of anaphylaxis and mast cell activation. | 1992 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1629497 |
King KL et al. | Metabolism of arachidonic acid by isolated rabbit ciliary epithelium. | 1992 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:1426059 |
Thomas PS et al. | Tobacco smoke releases performed mediators from canine mast cells and modulates prostaglandin production. | 1992 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:1636731 |
Sasaguri T et al. | Prostaglandins A and J arrest the cell cycle of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells without suppression of c-myc expression. | 1992 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:1572402 |
Sinzinger H et al. | Isradipine improves platelet function in hypertensives. | 1992 | Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. | pmid:1531796 |
Ito S et al. | Type-1 and type-2 astrocytes are distinct targets for prostaglandins D2, E2, and F2 alpha. | 1992 | Glia | pmid:1324890 |
Tsukagoshi H and Kurosawa M | [Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine induced by intravenous administration of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) in guinea pigs]. | 1992 | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi | pmid:1559641 |
Magnussen H et al. | Effects of a thromboxane-receptor antagonist, BAY u 3405, on prostaglandin D2- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. | 1992 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1535083 |
Campbell AM et al. | In vitro activation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells by house dust mite allergens. | 1992 | Ann Allergy | pmid:1371209 |
Gaetani P et al. | Ex vivo release of eicosanoids after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary experience in humans. | 1992 | Acta Neurol. Scand. | pmid:1414230 |
Mitsuoka S et al. | Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin delta 12-PGJ2 on cell proliferation and alpha-fetoprotein expression in HuH-7 human hepatoma cells. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1371888 |
Yen A et al. | Protoporphyrin and long-wave ultraviolet light modulate metabolic events in rat peritoneal mast cells. | 1992 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:1372341 |
Stellato C et al. | Anti-inflammatory effect of cyclosporin A on human skin mast cells. | 1992 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:1373749 |
Katz HR et al. | Secretory granule mediator release and generation of oxidative metabolites of arachidonic acid via Fc-IgG receptor bridging in mouse mast cells. | 1992 | J. Immunol. | pmid:1309842 |
Morrow JD et al. | Identification of skin as a major site of prostaglandin D2 release following oral administration of niacin in humans. | 1992 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:1373750 |
Okayama Y et al. | Inhibition profiles of sodium cromoglycate and nedocromil sodium on mediator release from mast cells of human skin, lung, tonsil, adenoid and intestine. | 1992 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:1375128 |
Okayama Y and Church MK | Comparison of the modulatory effect of ketotifen, sodium cromoglycate, procaterol and salbutamol in human skin, lung and tonsil mast cells. | 1992 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:1375203 |
Smith JB et al. | Cyclic AMP does not inhibit collagen-induced platelet signal transduction. | 1992 | Biochem. J. | pmid:1375452 |
Yu SM et al. | Dicentrine, a novel antiplatelet agent inhibiting thromboxane formation and increasing the cyclic AMP level of rabbit platelets. | 1992 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1310852 |
Shin MH et al. | The effect of azelastine on the early allergic response. | 1992 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:1349259 |
Molderings G et al. | Inhibition of noradrenaline release in the rat vena cava via prostanoid receptors of the EP3-subtype. | 1992 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:1330175 |
Mulkins MA et al. | Mycophenolic acid inhibits the degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells. | 1992 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:1349511 |
Conti P et al. | Role of lipoxins A4 and B4 in the generation of arachidonic acid metabolites by rat mast cells and their effect on [3H]serotonin release. | 1992 | Immunol. Lett. | pmid:1612634 |
Liu H et al. | Regulation of the surface expression of the platelet-activating factor receptor in IC-21 peritoneal macrophages. Effects of lipopolysaccharide. | 1992 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:1328211 |
González-Utor AL et al. | Cytochemical localization of K(+)-dependent p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and adenylate cyclase by using one-step method in human washed platelets. | 1992 | Histochemistry | pmid:1330994 |
Raible DG et al. | Mast cell mediators prostaglandin-D2 and histamine activate human eosinophils. | 1992 | J. Immunol. | pmid:1588043 |
Amici C et al. | Inhibition of Sendai virus replication by delta 12-prostaglandin J2: induction of heat shock protein synthesis and alteration of protein glycosylation. | 1992 | Antiviral Res. | pmid:1332600 |
Seregi A et al. | Functionally diverse purinergic P2Y-receptors mediate prostanoid synthesis in cultured rat astrocytes: the role of ATP-induced phosphatidyl-inositol breakdown. | 1992 | Eicosanoids | pmid:1333251 |
Björnsson OG et al. | Prostaglandins suppress VLDL secretion in primary rat hepatocyte cultures: relationships to hepatic calcium metabolism. | 1992 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:1331281 |
Knani J et al. | Indirect evidence of nasal inflammation assessed by titration of inflammatory mediators and enumeration of cells in nasal secretions of patients with chronic rhinitis. | 1992 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1334102 |
Stellato C et al. | Human basophil/mast cell releasability. IX. Heterogeneity of the effects of opioids on mediator release. | 1992 | Anesthesiology | pmid:1280014 |
de Paulis A et al. | Anti-inflammatory effect of FK-506 on human skin mast cells. | 1992 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:1281861 |
Tomita Y et al. | Melanocyte-stimulating properties of arachidonic acid metabolites: possible role in postinflammatory pigmentation. | 1992 | Pigment Cell Res. | pmid:1292020 |
Morii H and Watanabe Y | A possible role of carbohydrate moieties in prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 receptor proteins from the porcine temporal cortex. | 1992 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:1309289 |
Wang JP et al. | Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of magnolol. | 1992 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:1336574 |
Kuchinke W et al. | A lung type prostaglandin F synthase is expressed in bovine liver: cDNA sequence and expression in E. coli. | 1992 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:1339268 |
Columbo M et al. | The human recombinant c-kit receptor ligand, rhSCF, induces mediator release from human cutaneous mast cells and enhances IgE-dependent mediator release from both skin mast cells and peripheral blood basophils. | 1992 | J. Immunol. | pmid:1378071 |
Goerg KJ et al. | Inhibition of neuronally mediated secretion in rat colonic mucosa by prostaglandin D2. | 1992 | Gastroenterology | pmid:1379954 |
Charlesworth EN et al. | Effect of H1 receptor blockade on the early and late response to cutaneous allergen challenge. | 1992 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:1382132 |
Murakami M et al. | Release of 14-kDa group-II phospholipase A2 from activated mast cells and its possible involvement in the regulation of the degranulation process. | 1992 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:1382985 |
Johnston SL et al. | The effects of an oral thromboxane TP receptor antagonist BAY u 3405, on prostaglandin D2- and histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma, and relationship to plasma drug concentrations. | 1992 | Br J Clin Pharmacol | pmid:1467134 |
Lin CH et al. | HA-29: an inhibitor of thromboxane A2 formation with antagonism of thromboxane A2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor in rabbit platelets. | 1992 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:1412184 |
Koizumi T et al. | Inhibitory effect of an intracellular glutathione on delta 12-prostaglandin J2-induced protein syntheses in porcine aortic endothelial cells. | 1992 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1417983 |
Norwitz ER et al. | Prostaglandin D2 production by term human decidua: cellular origins defined using flow cytometry. | 1992 | Obstet Gynecol | pmid:1495703 |
Sasaguri T et al. | Anti-proliferative effect of prostaglandins A and J on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. | 1992 | Jpn. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:1507558 |
Hoshi A et al. | [Experimental study on the role of prostaglandin D2 in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma]. | 1992 | Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:1507684 |
Bacic F et al. | Prostaglandin D2 in cultured capillary and microvascular endothelium of human brain. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1508957 |
Thomas PS et al. | Prostaglandin D2 production and identification of prostaglandin H synthase within canine mast cell granule. | 1992 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:1514641 |
Kaiser L et al. | Dirofilaria immitis: do filarial cyclooxygenase products depress endothelium-dependent relaxation in the in vitro rat aorta? | 1992 | Exp. Parasitol. | pmid:1516664 |
Braun M and Schrör K | Prostaglandin D2 relaxes bovine coronary arteries by endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated cGMP formation. | 1992 | Circ. Res. | pmid:1385004 |
Goto H et al. | Age-associated decreases in prostaglandin contents in human gastric mucosa. | 1992 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:1510674 |
Emery BE et al. | The effect of IL-4 on human nasal mucosal responses. | 1992 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1430703 |
Barrett KE | Effect of histamine and other mast cell mediators on T84 epithelial cells. | 1992 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:1456653 |
Virgolini I et al. | Characterization of prostaglandin (PG)-binding sites expressed on human basophils. Evidence for a prostaglandin E1, I2, and a D2 receptor. | 1992 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:1377673 |
Watanabe-Kohno S et al. | MCI-826 is a potent and selective antagonist of peptide leukotrienes (p-LTs) and has characteristics distinctive from those of FPL 55712. | 1992 | Jpn. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:1460800 |
Baumgarten CR et al. | Bradykinin and other inflammatory mediators in BAL-fluid from patients with active pulmonary inflammation. | 1992 | Agents Actions Suppl. | pmid:1462881 |
Ellis JL and Undem BJ | Antigen-induced enhancement of noncholinergic contractile responses to vagus nerve and electrical field stimulation in guinea pig isolated trachea. | 1992 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:1323657 |
Tamaoki J et al. | Prostaglandin D2 increases Cl secretion across canine tracheal epithelium through cyclo-oxygenase stimulation and cAMP production. | 1992 | Acta Physiol. Scand. | pmid:1323920 |
Froldi M et al. | Mediator release in cerebrospinal fluid of human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with central nervous system involvement. | 1992 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:1315794 |
Fukushima M | Biological activities and mechanisms of action of PGJ2 and related compounds: an update. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1438462 |
Shimakura S and Boland CR | Eicosanoid production by the human gastric cancer cell line AGS and its relation to cell growth. | 1992 | Cancer Res. | pmid:1551103 |
Ninomiya H et al. | Endothelin-1 induces stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in cells obtained from canine airways by bronchoalveolar lavage. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1584994 |
Lee DY et al. | Prostaglandin profile and synthetic capacity of the colon: comparison of tissue sources and subcellular fractions. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1542741 |
Picado C et al. | Release of peptide leukotriene into nasal secretions after local instillation of aspirin in aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. | 1992 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:1309968 |
Kawada N et al. | Possible induction of fatty acid cyclo-oxygenase in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat Kupffer cells. | 1992 | Gastroenterology | pmid:1499903 |
Koizumi T et al. | Induction of heme oxygenase by delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in porcine aortic endothelial cells. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1542739 |
Eguchi N et al. | Permeability of brain structures and other peripheral tissues to prostaglandins D2, E2 and F2 alpha in rats. | 1992 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:1527717 |
Rangachari PK | Concerning prostaglandin D2: forgotten, promiscuous, capricious. | 1992 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:1456655 |
Krueger JM et al. | Prostaglandins E2 and D2 have little effect on rabbit sleep. | 1992 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:1523224 |
D'Onofrio C et al. | Comparative anti-viral and anti-proliferative activity of PGA1 and PGJ2 against HTLV-I-infected MT-2 cells. | 1992 | Int. J. Cancer | pmid:1592539 |
Wang D et al. | Terbutaline acts at multiple sites to inhibit bronchoconstriction induced by dry air in canine peripheral airways. | 1992 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:1595994 |
Hogaboam CM et al. | Platelet-activating factor synthesis by peritoneal mast cells and its inhibition by two quinoline-based compounds. | 1992 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:1596692 |