PGD2
Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with PGD2?
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with PGD2?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What functions are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What lipids are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What genes are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with PGD2
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khan E and Abu-Amer Y | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma inhibits differentiation of preosteoblasts. | 2003 | J. Lab. Clin. Med. | pmid:12878983 |
| Yuan ZY et al. | [Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate autoimmune myocarditis associated with inhibition of T cell immunity]. | 2003 | Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi | pmid:14703419 |
| Ceaser EK et al. | Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-PGJ2 increase mitochondrial complex I activity in endothelial cells. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:12881207 |
| Zanoni G et al. | First enantioselective total synthesis of (8S,12R,15S)-prostaglandin J(2). | 2003 | J. Org. Chem. | pmid:12895084 |
| Genovese A et al. | Protein Fv produced during viral hepatitis is an endogenous immunoglobulin superantigen activating human heart mast cells. | 2003 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:14707465 |
| Bishop-Bailey D and Warner TD | PPARgamma ligands induce prostaglandin production in vascular smooth muscle cells: indomethacin acts as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma antagonist. | 2003 | FASEB J. | pmid:12897060 |
| Souza SC et al. | TNF-alpha induction of lipolysis is mediated through activation of the extracellular signal related kinase pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. | 2003 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:12898507 |
| Zhuang H et al. | Prostaglandins of J series control heme oxygenase expression: potential significance in modulating neuroinflammation. | 2003 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:12853315 |
| Nencioni A et al. | Cyclopentenone prostaglandins induce lymphocyte apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway independent of external death receptor signaling. | 2003 | J. Immunol. | pmid:14607914 |
| Yang L et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and ligands inhibit surfactant protein B gene expression in the lung. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12829715 |
| Houston KD et al. | Inhibition of proliferation and estrogen receptor signaling by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands in uterine leiomyoma. | 2003 | Cancer Res. | pmid:12649180 |
| Adachi H et al. | Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. | pmid:14631946 |
| Mueller C et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands attenuate immunological symptoms of experimental allergic asthma. | 2003 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:14522590 |
| Hu VY et al. | COX-2 and prostanoid expression in micturition pathways after cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in the rat. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:12388444 |
| Kim BE et al. | Cytochrome C-dependent Fas-independent apoptotic pathway in HeLa cells induced by delta12-prostaglandin J2. | 2003 | Exp. Mol. Med. | pmid:14508070 |
| Ianaro A et al. | Anti-inflammatory activity of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 and 2-cyclopenten-1-one: role of the heat shock response. | 2003 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:12815164 |
| Hashimoto K et al. | The PPARgamma ligand, 15d-PGJ2, attenuates the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. | 2003 | Pancreas | pmid:12826907 |
| Montuschi P et al. | Exhaled leukotrienes and prostaglandins in COPD. | 2003 | Thorax | pmid:12832671 |
| Taba Y et al. | 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 and laminar fluid shear stress stabilize c-IAP1 in vascular endothelial cells. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:12623786 |
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| Lee CH and Edwards AM | Differential expression of c-fos and c-myc protooncogenes by estrogens, xenobiotics and other growth-stimulatory agents in primary rat hepatocytes. | 2003 | Arch. Toxicol. | pmid:12632255 |
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| Jelson GS et al. | Modulation of guinea pig intrinsic cardiac neurons by prostaglandins. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:12791585 |
| Okano H et al. | The PPARgamma ligand, 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-PGJ2, regulates apoptosis-related protein expression in cholangio cell carcinoma cells. | 2003 | Int. J. Mol. Med. | pmid:14612959 |
| Rehan V and Torday J | Hyperoxia augments pulmonary lipofibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. | 2003 | Cell Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:12794266 |
| Aoun P et al. | Role of PPAR-gamma ligands in neuroprotection against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells. | 2003 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:12824244 |
| Ajmone-Cat MA et al. | Prolonged exposure of microglia to lipopolysaccharide modifies the intracellular signaling pathways and selectively promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis. | 2003 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:14622099 |
| Sugimoto H et al. | An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of CRTH2, ramatroban (BAY u3405), inhibits prostaglandin D2-induced eosinophil migration in vitro. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12649388 |
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| Saito S et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces apoptosis through activation of the CHOP gene in HeLa cells. | 2003 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:14575689 |
| Smith SA et al. | Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on rat cultured cerebellar granule neuronal viability. | 2003 | J. Neurosci. Res. | pmid:12774315 |
| Zamuner SR et al. | Cyclooxygenase 2 mediates post-inflammatory colonic secretory and barrier dysfunction. | 2003 | Gut | pmid:14633948 |
| Armoni M et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma represses GLUT4 promoter activity in primary adipocytes, and rosiglitazone alleviates this effect. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12777391 |
| Shibata T et al. | An endogenous electrophile that modulates the regulatory mechanism of protein turnover: inhibitory effects of 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on proteasome. | 2003 | Biochemistry | pmid:14636064 |
| Liu H et al. | PPARgamma ligands and ATRA inhibit the invasion of human breast cancer cells in vitro. | 2003 | Breast Cancer Res. Treat. | pmid:12779083 |
| Villegas I et al. | A new flavonoid derivative, dosmalfate, attenuates the development of dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in mice. | 2003 | Int. Immunopharmacol. | pmid:14636824 |
| Inoue K et al. | Effect of 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. | 2003 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:14642794 |
| Ide T et al. | Activation of nuclear receptors by prostaglandins. | 2003 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:14592554 |
| Yagami T et al. | Novel binding sites of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in plasma membranes from primary rat cortical neurons. | 2003 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:14597421 |
| Komar CM and Curry TE | Inverse relationship between the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and P450 side chain cleavage in the rat ovary. | 2003 | Biol. Reprod. | pmid:12700202 |
| Bochenek G et al. | A controlled study of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 (a prostaglandin D2 metabolite) in plasma and urine of patients with bronchial asthma and healthy controls after aspirin challenge. | 2003 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:12704352 |
| Castaño E and Gil J | 15-deoxy-delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 synergizes with phorbol ester to induce proliferation in Swiss 3T3 cells independently of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and PGD2 receptors. | 2003 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:12704651 |
| Ianaro A et al. | 2-Cyclopenten-1-one and prostaglandin J2 reduce restenosis after balloon angioplasty in rats: role of NF-kappaB. | 2003 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:14550540 |
| Ando M et al. | Retrovirally introduced prostaglandin D2 synthase suppresses lung injury induced by bleomycin. | 2003 | Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. | pmid:12707014 |
| Imaizumi T et al. | Effect of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on IL-1beta-induced expression of epithelial neutrophil-activating protein-78 in human endothelial cells. | 2003 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:14580366 |
| Cippitelli M et al. | The cyclopentenone-type prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits CD95 ligand gene expression in T lymphocytes: interference with promoter activation via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent mechanisms. | 2003 | J. Immunol. | pmid:12707336 |
| Heinemann A et al. | Delta 12-prostaglandin J2, a plasma metabolite of prostaglandin D2, causes eosinophil mobilization from the bone marrow and primes eosinophils for chemotaxis. | 2003 | J. Immunol. | pmid:12707356 |
| Ye P et al. | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in human endothelial cells increases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression. | 2003 | Chin. Med. J. | pmid:12667383 |
| Faveeuw C et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the production of interleukin-12 in murine dendritic cells through multiple signaling pathways. | 2003 | Eur. J. Immunol. | pmid:12672054 |
| Mohri I et al. | Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase is expressed in microglia in the developing postnatal mouse brain. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12673832 |
| Takata K et al. | Possible involvement of small oligomers of amyloid-beta peptides in 15-deoxy-delta 12,14 prostaglandin J2-sensitive microglial activation. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Sci. | pmid:12719662 |
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| Cuzzocrea S et al. | The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)- PGJ2 attenuates the development of colon injury caused by dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid in the rat. | 2003 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12598422 |
| Castrillo A et al. | Potentiation of protein kinase C zeta activity by 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) induces an imbalance between mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappa B that promotes apoptosis in macrophages. | 2003 | Mol. Cell. Biol. | pmid:12556480 |
| Farrow B and Evers BM | Activation of PPARgamma increases PTEN expression in pancreatic cancer cells. | 2003 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:12535639 |
| Park EJ et al. | 15d-PGJ2 and rosiglitazone suppress Janus kinase-STAT inflammatory signaling through induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 in glia. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12584205 |
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| Abe M et al. | GATA-6 is involved in PPARgamma-mediated activation of differentiated phenotype in human vascular smooth muscle cells. | 2003 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:12615657 |
| Qin C et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. | 2003 | Cancer Res. | pmid:12615709 |
| Kajekar R et al. | Role of cyclooxygenase activation and prostaglandins in antigen-induced excitability changes of bronchial parasympathetic ganglia neurons. | 2003 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:12618420 |
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| Powell WS | A novel PGD(2) receptor expressed in eosinophils. | 2003 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12895601 |
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| Moore RM et al. | Physiological apoptotic agents have different effects upon human amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells. | 2003 Feb-Mar | Placenta | pmid:12566244 |
| Neuhofer W et al. | Chronic COX-2 inhibition reduces medullary HSP70 expression and induces papillary apoptosis in dehydrated rats. | 2004 | Kidney Int. | pmid:14717913 |
| Ward JE et al. | PPAR gamma ligands, 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and rosiglitazone regulate human cultured airway smooth muscle proliferation through different mechanisms. | 2004 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:14718259 |
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| Huang H et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands improve the antitumor efficacy of thrombospondin peptide ABT510. | 2004 | Mol. Cancer Res. | pmid:15498928 |
| Asami-Miyagishi R et al. | Expression and function of PPARgamma in rat placental development. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:14766236 |
| Blázovics A et al. | [Cytokines, prostaglandins, nutritive and non-nuitritive factors in inflammatory bowel diseases]. | 2004 | Orv Hetil | pmid:15662752 |
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| Lee KJ et al. | Ox-LDL suppresses PMA-induced MMP-9 expression and activity through CD36-mediated activation of PPAR-g. | 2004 | Exp. Mol. Med. | pmid:15665586 |
| Weber SM et al. | PPARgamma is not required for the inhibitory actions of PGJ2 on cytokine signaling in pancreatic beta-cells. | 2004 | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:14600076 |
| Sasaguri T and Miwa Y | Prostaglandin J2 family and the cardiovascular system. | 2004 | Curr Vasc Pharmacol | pmid:15320511 |
| Servidei T et al. | The cellular response to PPARgamma ligands is related to the phenotype of neuroblastoma cell lines. | 2004 | Oncol. Res. | pmid:15301425 |
| Boyault S et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits IL-1beta-induced IKK enzymatic activity and IkappaBalpha degradation in rat chondrocytes through a PPARgamma-independent pathway. | 2004 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:15304320 |
| Ichiki T et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and thiazolidinediones transactivate epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15369766 |
| Schlezinger JJ et al. | Environmental and endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce bone marrow B cell growth arrest and apoptosis: interactions between mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2004 | J. Immunol. | pmid:15322177 |
| Hsu MF et al. | Inhibition of the arachidonic acid cascade by norathyriol via blockade of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activity in neutrophils. | 2004 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:15083266 |
| Karimi K et al. | Substance P can stimulate prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 generation without granule exocytosis in murine mast cells. | 2004 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:15063154 |
| Chana RS et al. | Differential effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) ligands in proximal tubular cells: thiazolidinediones are partial PPAR gamma agonists. | 2004 | Kidney Int. | pmid:15149321 |
| Garg TK and Chang JY | 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-Prostaglandin J2 prevents reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by oxidative stress. | 2004 | BMC Pharmacol. | pmid:15149553 |
| Park EY et al. | Transactivation of the PPAR-responsive enhancer module in chemopreventive glutathione S-transferase gene by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor heterodimer. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15150131 |