Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Moulin D et al. | Rosiglitazone induces interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in interleukin-1beta-stimulated rat synovial fibroblasts via a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta-dependent mechanism. | 2005 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:15751073 |
Farrajota K et al. | Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase 2 expression in human synovial fibroblasts by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 through a histone deacetylase-independent mechanism. | 2005 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:15641079 |
de Paulis A et al. | Human synovial mast cells. I. Ultrastructural in situ and in vitro immunologic characterization. | 1996 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:8670335 |
Maicas N et al. | Prostaglandin D2 regulates joint inflammation and destruction in murine collagen-induced arthritis. | 2012 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:21898357 |
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Murakami Y et al. | Inhibition of monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced acute inflammation by retrovirally transfected prostaglandin D synthase. | 2003 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:14558100 |
Inoue K et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 on nuclear localization of GATA-3 in the murine lung in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. | 2005 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:15819389 |
Inoue K et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on the cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the murine lung in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. | 2004 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:15612612 |
Misawa M and Kanai Y | Effect of the new antiallergic drug epinastine on chemical mediator induced bronchoconstrictions in guinea pigs. | 1991 | Arzneimittelforschung | pmid:1725697 |
Arisawa M et al. | Suppressive effect of prostaglandin D2 on prolactin secretion from rat anterior pituitary. | 1985 | Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol | pmid:3860198 |
Arisawa M et al. | Direct suppressive effect of prostaglandin D2 on growth hormone secretion from rat anterior pituitary. | 1984 | Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol | pmid:6598030 |
Muhammad SN et al. | 15d-PGJ2 Induces Apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cells via Increased Intracellular Calcium and Activation of Caspases, Independent of ERα and ERβ. | 2016 | Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. | pmid:27509924 |
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Beatty CH et al. | Metabolism of arachidonic acid by macaque platelets. Implications for studies on atherosclerosis. | 1985 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:3924062 |
Abbate R et al. | Decreased number of PGD2 binding sites on platelets from patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia. | 1985 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:3857047 |
Nilsson J and Olsson AG | Prostaglandin E1 inhibits DNA synthesis in arterial smooth muscle cells stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor. | 1984 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:6093830 |
Chang MC et al. | Antiplatelet effect by p-cresol, a uremic and environmental toxicant, is related to inhibition of reactive oxygen species, ERK/p38 signaling and thromboxane A2 production. | 2011 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:21993412 |
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Inoue T et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase is a powerful biomarker for severity of stable coronary artery disease. | 2008 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:18436228 |
Meyers CD et al. | Nicotinic acid induces secretion of prostaglandin D2 in human macrophages: an in vitro model of the niacin flush. | 2007 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:16945375 |
Tachi M et al. | Mass spectrometric determination of prostanoids in rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus microdialysates. | 2014 | Auton Neurosci | pmid:24447364 |
Jin YR et al. | An antithrombotic agent, NQ301, inhibits thromboxane A2 receptor and synthase activity in rabbit platelets. | 2005 | Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. | pmid:16128910 |
Li P et al. | [Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ on endothelial cells oxidative stress induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis]. | 2015 | Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao | pmid:26679661 |
Li CF et al. | [Effect of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma in the mechanisms of sulindac against large intestine carcinoma]. | 2007 | Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao | pmid:17304332 |
Varma D et al. | Comparison of UHPLC and HPLC methods for the assay of prostanoids: "are the methods equivalent in terms of accuracy and precision?". | 2011 | Bioanalysis | pmid:21510759 |
Ueno R et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces sleep when microinjected into the preoptic area of conscious rats. | 1982 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6960896 |
Fukushima M et al. | 9-deoxy-delta 9-prostaglandin D2, a prostaglandin D2 derivative with potent antineoplastic and weak smooth muscle-contracting activities. | 1982 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6961920 |
Kawabe H et al. | Differential calcium effects on prostaglandin D2 generation and histamine release from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells. | 1987 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:2436614 |
Wächtershäuser A et al. | PPAR-gamma is selectively upregulated in Caco-2 cells by butyrate. | 2000 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:10833422 |
Ohno K et al. | Metabolic dehydration of prostaglandin E2 and cellular uptake of the dehydration product: correlation with prostaglandin E2-induced growth inhibition. | 1986 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:3464277 |
Dieter P et al. | Functional coupling of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 to discrete prostanoid synthases in liver macrophages. | 2000 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:11027502 |
Tanaka K et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 on helper T cell functions. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15044085 |
Onozaki A et al. | Rapid change of glucose concentration promotes mesangial cell proliferation via VEGF: inhibitory effects of thiazolidinedione. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15047143 |
Kuiper J et al. | The induction of glycogenolysis in the perfused liver by platelet activating factor is mediated by prostaglandin D2 from Kupffer cells. | 1988 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:3144970 |
Chock SP and Schmauder-Chock EA | Synthesis of prostaglandins and eicosanoids by the mast cell secretory granule. | 1988 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:3190706 |
Niwa Y et al. | Opposite effects of PU.1 on mast cell stimulation. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18680724 |
Engdahl R et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) mediates repression of TNF-alpha by decreasing levels of acetylated histone H3 and H4 at its promoter. | 2007 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:17532302 |
Azuma Y et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits IL-10 and IL-12 production by macrophages. | 2001 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:11327705 |
Satoh T et al. | Prostaglandin J2 and its metabolites promote neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor in PC12 cells. | 1999 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:10222233 |
Satarug S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression through the DP2 receptor. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18957281 |
Sakuma S et al. | Existence of an enzymatic pathway furnishing arachidonic acid for prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonoyl CoA in rabbit kidney medulla. | 1994 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:8048918 |
Keelan JA et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, induces apoptosis in JEG3 choriocarcinoma cells. | 1999 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:10471366 |
Ehara N et al. | Activators of PPARgamma antagonize protection of cardiac myocytes by endothelin-1. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15358182 |
Gayarre J et al. | Addition of electrophilic lipids to actin alters filament structure. | 2006 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:16979589 |
Erman A and Nasjletti A | Enhancement of renal medulla prostaglandin synthetase activity by dexamethasone treatment in the rat. | 1984 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6428405 |
Farrow B and Evers BM | Activation of PPARgamma increases PTEN expression in pancreatic cancer cells. | 2003 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:12535639 |
Yamamoto N et al. | Mechanism of inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication by delta 7-prostaglandin A1 and delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1987 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:3040001 |
Hirai H et al. | Gene structure and functional properties of mouse CRTH2, a prostaglandin D2 receptor. | 2003 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:12878180 |