Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Strakhova MI et al. | In vitro and in vivo characterization of A-940894: a potent histamine H4 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties. | 2009 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:19413570 |
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Nakajima M et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 and its analogue, BW245C, on intraocular pressure in humans. | 1991 | Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. | pmid:1937072 |
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Ricart KC et al. | The permissive role of mitochondria in the induction of haem oxygenase-1 in endothelial cells. | 2009 | Biochem. J. | pmid:19161347 |
Moreira V et al. | Effects of Bothrops asper snake venom on the expression of cyclooxygenases and production of prostaglandins by peritoneal leukocytes in vivo, and by isolated neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. | 2009 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19155166 |
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Kim DH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and subsequently matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human breast cancer cells: possible roles of iron and ROS. | 2009 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:19136476 |
Johansson S et al. | CC16 inhibits the migration of eosinophils towards the formyl peptide fMLF but not towards PGD2. | 2009 | Inflammation | pmid:19132521 |
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Koinuma S et al. | The resetting of the circadian rhythm by Prostaglandin J2 is distinctly phase-dependent. | 2009 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:19111547 |
Dubourdeau M et al. | Opposite roles of STAT and PPARgamma in the induction of p21WAF1 expression by IL-13 in human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2008 | Eur. Cytokine Netw. | pmid:19103521 |
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Yang JH et al. | Anti-allergic activity of an ethanol extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza. | 2008 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:19099230 |
Wang WM et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta1-induced chemokine expression in human tubular epithelial cells. | 2009 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. | pmid:19098936 |
Gebicke-Haerter PJ et al. | Pertussis and cholera toxins inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in rat astrocyte cultures at distinct metabolic steps. | 1991 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1909527 |
Hayaishi O | Molecular mechanisms of sleep-wake regulation: roles of prostaglandins D2 and E2. | 1991 | FASEB J. | pmid:1907936 |
Ding Q et al. | Identification of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in adipose tissue and its secretion as an adipokine by human adipocytes. | 2009 | Endocrinology | pmid:19074584 |
Boehme SA et al. | Antagonism of CRTH2 ameliorates chronic epicutaneous sensitization-induced inflammation by multiple mechanisms. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066315 |
Boehme SA et al. | A small molecule CRTH2 antagonist inhibits FITC-induced allergic cutaneous inflammation. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066314 |
Smith GS et al. | Adaptive cytoprotection against alcohol injury in the rat stomach is not due to increased prostanoid synthesis. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1906621 |
Mickleborough TD et al. | Eicosapentaenoic acid is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells. | 2009 | Clin Nutr | pmid:19054597 |
Lee JH et al. | The 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in IFN-gamma-stimulated astrocytes through induction of MAPK phosphatase-1. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19050284 |
Vesin MF and Droz B | Biosynthesis of prostaglandins D2 and E2 in chick dorsal root ganglion during development. | 1991 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:1904909 |
Levy JH | Biomarkers in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis: making nature disclose her mysteries. | 2009 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:19032357 |
Conde B et al. | Modulation of cell growth and differentiation induced by prostaglandin D2 in the glioma cell line C6. | 1991 Jan-Feb | Anticancer Res. | pmid:1902073 |
Gressner OA et al. | Elevated concentrations of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in chronic liver disease propose therapeutic trials with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma-inducing drugs. | 2009 | Liver Int. | pmid:19018984 |
Chearwae W and Bright JJ | PPARgamma agonists inhibit growth and expansion of CD133+ brain tumour stem cells. | 2008 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:19018263 |
Kuehn HS et al. | The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of Btk is required for optimal eicosanoid production and generation of reactive oxygen species in antigen-stimulated mast cells. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19017959 |
Eichele K et al. | R(+)-methanandamide-induced apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma cells involves a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent pathway. | 2009 | Pharm. Res. | pmid:19015962 |
Schröder R et al. | The C-terminal tail of CRTH2 is a key molecular determinant that constrains Galphai and downstream signaling cascade activation. | 2009 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:19010788 |
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Sinzinger H et al. | Platelet lipoxygenase defect (Wien-Penzing defect) in two patients with myocardial infarction. | 1991 | Am. J. Hematol. | pmid:1899965 |
Akerboom T et al. | Cholestasis and changes of portal pressure caused by chlorpromazine in the perfused rat liver. | 1991 | Hepatology | pmid:1899850 |
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Davidson J et al. | 7beta-hydroxy-epiandrosterone modulation of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 production from human mononuclear cells. | 2008 | J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:18996481 |
Rubin DB et al. | The influence of exogenous eicosanoids on the radiation response of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. | 1991 | Radiat. Res. | pmid:1898781 |
O'Brien JJ et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2-induced heme oxygenase-1 in megakaryocytes regulates thrombopoiesis. | 2009 | J. Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:18983509 |
Zhao W et al. | TGF-beta1 attenuates mediator release and de novo Kit expression by human skin mast cells through a Smad-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18981148 |
Waku T et al. | Structural insight into PPARgamma activation through covalent modification with endogenous fatty acids. | 2009 | J. Mol. Biol. | pmid:18977231 |
Zayed N et al. | Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 13 production in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes by prostaglandin D2. | 2008 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:18975308 |
Satarug S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression through the DP2 receptor. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18957281 |
Tsuji T et al. | Reduction of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effects of ibuprofen. | 2009 | Neurochem. Res. | pmid:18946735 |
Oguma T et al. | Role of prostaglandin D(2) and its receptors in the pathophysiology of asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18946232 |
Hayden RE et al. | Treatment of primary CLL cells with bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate induces apoptosis and represses the pro-proliferative signal of CD40-ligand, in part through increased 15dDelta12,14,PGJ2. | 2009 | Leukemia | pmid:18923439 |
Su RY et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 up-regulates death receptor 5 gene expression in HCT116 cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species and C/EBP homologous transcription factor gene transcription. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852146 |
Payne CA et al. | Loss of prostaglandin D2 synthase: a key molecular event in the transition of a low-grade astrocytoma to an anaplastic astrocytoma. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852145 |
Pirianov G et al. | The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) delays lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm delivery and reduces mortality in the newborn mouse. | 2009 | Endocrinology | pmid:18845626 |
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Pettipher R and Hansel TT | Antagonists of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Drug News Perspect. | pmid:18836589 |
Toscano CD et al. | NMDA-induced seizure intensity is enhanced in COX-2 deficient mice. | 2008 | Neurotoxicology | pmid:18834901 |
Kalogeromitros D et al. | A quercetin containing supplement reduces niacin-induced flush in humans. | 2008 Jul-Sep | Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol | pmid:18831918 |
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Fujimori K et al. | Enhancement of prostaglandin D(2) production through cyclooxygenase-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase by upstream stimulatory factor 1 in human brain-derived TE671 cells under serum starvation. | 2008 | Gene | pmid:18817855 |
Horváth B et al. | Carbon monoxide-prostaglandin E2 interaction in the hypothalamic circulation. | 2008 | Neuroreport | pmid:18815586 |
Yamamoto M et al. | Expression and characterization of PGD2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis: modulation of DP and CRTH2 by PGD2. | 2009 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:18802357 |
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Papaliodis D et al. | Niacin-induced "flush" involves release of prostaglandin D2 from mast cells and serotonin from platelets: evidence from human cells in vitro and an animal model. | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:18784348 |
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Kim JW et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) rescues PC12 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1: potential roles of Akt and ERK1/2. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18775681 |
Tokuda H et al. | Function of Rho-kinase in prostaglandin D2-induced interleukin-6 synthesis in osteoblasts. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18771907 |
Kim EH and Surh YJ | The role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, in tumor angiogenesis. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18771658 |
Takahashi N et al. | Molecular characterization of TRPA1 channel activation by cysteine-reactive inflammatory mediators. | 2008 Jul-Aug | Channels (Austin) | pmid:18769139 |
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O'Brien JJ et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 enhances platelet production from megakaryocytes. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18755987 |
Boisvert M et al. | PGJ2 antagonizes NF-kappaB-induced HIV-1 LTR activation in colonic epithelial cells. | 2008 | Virology | pmid:18755491 |
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Ho TC et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through the sequential activation of MAPKS and p53. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18718914 |
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