PGD2

Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with PGD2?

PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Hemolysis D006461 131 associated lipids
Uremia D014511 33 associated lipids
Colitis, Ulcerative D003093 24 associated lipids
Stomach Ulcer D013276 75 associated lipids
Kidney Failure, Chronic D007676 51 associated lipids
Diabetes Mellitus D003920 90 associated lipids
Arrhythmias, Cardiac D001145 42 associated lipids
Hypercalcemia D006934 13 associated lipids
Adenocarcinoma D000230 166 associated lipids
Pain D010146 64 associated lipids
Autoimmune Diseases D001327 27 associated lipids
Lung Diseases D008171 37 associated lipids
Lung Neoplasms D008175 171 associated lipids
Pulmonary Fibrosis D011658 24 associated lipids
Sarcoidosis D012507 13 associated lipids
Pleurisy D010998 20 associated lipids
Pancreatic Neoplasms D010190 77 associated lipids
Inflammation D007249 119 associated lipids
Reperfusion Injury D015427 65 associated lipids
Colitis D003092 69 associated lipids
Colonic Neoplasms D003110 161 associated lipids
Cataract D002386 34 associated lipids
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental D008325 67 associated lipids
Sarcoma 180 D012510 21 associated lipids
Body Weight D001835 333 associated lipids
Edema D004487 152 associated lipids
Precancerous Conditions D011230 48 associated lipids
Arthritis D001168 41 associated lipids
Arthritis, Experimental D001169 24 associated lipids
Hypotension D007022 41 associated lipids
Ureteral Obstruction D014517 10 associated lipids
Coronary Disease D003327 70 associated lipids
Prostatic Neoplasms D011471 126 associated lipids
Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental D008106 36 associated lipids
Hypersensitivity D006967 22 associated lipids
Osteosarcoma D012516 50 associated lipids
Rhinitis D012220 10 associated lipids
Melanoma D008545 69 associated lipids
Asthma D001249 52 associated lipids
Hyperemia D006940 25 associated lipids
Hypersensitivity, Delayed D006968 43 associated lipids
Glioma D005910 112 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic D002471 126 associated lipids
Leukemia P388 D007941 43 associated lipids
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury D056486 39 associated lipids
Hypercholesterolemia D006937 91 associated lipids
Thrombosis D013927 49 associated lipids
Hypertension, Pulmonary D006976 32 associated lipids
Uterine Neoplasms D014594 18 associated lipids
Myocardial Infarction D009203 21 associated lipids
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PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with PGD2

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What functions are associated with PGD2?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What genes are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).

Rodent Model

Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with PGD2

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Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 3138
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Dong YG et al. Effects of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in ECV304 endothelial cells. 2004 Acta Pharmacol. Sin. pmid:14704122
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Kumar AP et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands regulate myeloperoxidase expression in macrophages by an estrogen-dependent mechanism involving the -463GA promoter polymorphism. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14668325
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Kasim-Karakas SE et al. Metabolic and endocrine effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diet in polycystic ovary syndrome. 2004 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. pmid:14764771
Hirai H [Prostaglandin D2 in allergy: PGD2 has dual receptor systems]. 2004 Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi pmid:14695454
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Arai I et al. Prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist inhibits the pruritic activity in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. 2004 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:15556157
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Kim BE et al. Involvement of Sox-4 in the cytochrome c-dependent AIF-independent apoptotic pathway in HeLa cells induced by Delta12-prostaglandin J2. 2004 Exp. Mol. Med. pmid:15557816
Józkowicz A et al. 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 inhibits expression of eNOS in human endothelial cells. 2004 Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. pmid:15560113
Emi M and Maeyama K The biphasic effects of cyclopentenone prostaglandins, prostaglandin J(2) and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) on proliferation and apoptosis in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. 2004 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:15013841
Waits PS et al. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ modulates human T cell function in vitro. 2004 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:15020071
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Fogel-Petrovic M et al. Activated human dendritic cells express inducible cyclo-oxygenase and synthesize prostaglandin E2 but not prostaglandin D2. 2004 Immunol. Cell Biol. pmid:14984594
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Alvarez-Maqueda M et al. 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner in human lymphocytes. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15024026
Marone G et al. The human heart as a shock organ in anaphylaxis. 2004 Novartis Found. Symp. pmid:15025396
Qin C et al. A new class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists that inhibit growth of breast cancer cells: 1,1-Bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substituted phenyl)methanes. 2004 Mol. Cancer Ther. pmid:15026545
Hashimoto K et al. Activation and role of MAP kinases in 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. 2004 Pancreas pmid:15028947
Toyomoto M et al. Prostaglandins are powerful inducers of NGF and BDNF production in mouse astrocyte cultures. 2004 FEBS Lett. pmid:15044028
Tanaka K et al. Effects of prostaglandin D2 on helper T cell functions. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15044085
Onozaki A et al. Rapid change of glucose concentration promotes mesangial cell proliferation via VEGF: inhibitory effects of thiazolidinedione. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15047143
Koda N et al. Synthesis of prostaglandin F ethanolamide by prostaglandin F synthase and identification of Bimatoprost as a potent inhibitor of the enzyme: new enzyme assay method using LC/ESI/MS. 2004 Arch. Biochem. Biophys. pmid:15047184
Saydam O et al. Transactivator protein BICP0 of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is blocked by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which points to a mechanism for PGD2-mediated inhibition of BHV-1 replication. 2004 J. Virol. pmid:15047795
Woolhiser MR et al. Activation of human mast cells by aggregated IgG through FcgammaRI: additive effects of C3a. 2004 Clin. Immunol. pmid:15003814
Relic B et al. 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits Bay 11-7085-induced sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and apoptosis in human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15004016
Angeli V et al. Activation of the D prostanoid receptor 1 regulates immune and skin allergic responses. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15004188
Lupi R et al. Rosiglitazone prevents the impairment of human islet function induced by fatty acids: evidence for a role of PPARgamma2 in the modulation of insulin secretion. 2004 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. pmid:14625208
Tsuji T et al. Differential effects of beta2-adrenoceptor desensitization on the IgE-dependent release of chemical mediators from cultured human mast cells. 2004 Biol. Pharm. Bull. pmid:15467193
Konopleva M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and retinoid X receptor ligands are potent inducers of differentiation and apoptosis in leukemias. 2004 Mol. Cancer Ther. pmid:15486192
Ishii T and Uchida K Induction of reversible cysteine-targeted protein oxidation by an endogenous electrophile 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2004 Chem. Res. Toxicol. pmid:15487891
Li Z et al. Neurotoxic prostaglandin J2 enhances cyclooxygenase-2 expression in neuronal cells through the p38MAPK pathway: a death wish? 2004 J. Neurosci. Res. pmid:15523637
Sabichi AL et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma suppresses cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human prostate cells. 2004 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. pmid:15533896
Subbarayan V et al. Differential peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma isoform expression and agonist effects in normal and malignant prostate cells. 2004 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. pmid:15533897
Mix KS et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent repression of collagenase gene expression by 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid and prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14) J2: a role for Smad signaling. 2004 Mol. Pharmacol. pmid:14742672
Yuan Z et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis associated with inhibition of self-sensitive T cells. 2004 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:15167281
Lee KJ et al. Ox-LDL suppresses PMA-induced MMP-9 expression and activity through CD36-mediated activation of PPAR-g. 2004 Exp. Mol. Med. pmid:15665586
Dahlén SE and Kumlin M Monitoring mast cell activation by prostaglandin D2 in vivo. 2004 Thorax pmid:15170020
Bochenek G et al. Plasma 9alpha,11beta-PGF2, a PGD2 metabolite, as a sensitive marker of mast cell activation by allergen in bronchial asthma. 2004 Thorax pmid:15170023
Cheron A et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits glucocorticoid binding and signaling in macrophages through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-independent process. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15187150
Maddox JF et al. 15-deoxy prostaglandin J2 enhances allyl alcohol-induced toxicity in rat hepatocytes. 2004 Toxicol. Sci. pmid:14657518
Baek SJ et al. Expression of NAG-1, a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member, by troglitazone requires the early growth response gene EGR-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14662774
Zhang X et al. Stress protein activation by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human mesangial cells. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:14871400
Ueta M et al. PPARgamma ligands attenuate mesangial contractile dysfunction in high glucose. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:14871416
Badawi AF et al. Inhibition of rat mammary gland carcinogenesis by simultaneous targeting of cyclooxygenase-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:14871855
Levonen AL et al. Cellular mechanisms of redox cell signalling: role of cysteine modification in controlling antioxidant defences in response to electrophilic lipid oxidation products. 2004 Biochem. J. pmid:14616092
Reddy RC et al. Deactivation of murine alveolar macrophages by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands. 2004 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. pmid:14617516
Asada K et al. Antiinflammatory roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human alveolar macrophages. 2004 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. pmid:14563653
Reddy PS et al. The synthesis and effects of prostaglandins on the ovary of the crab Oziotelphusa senex senex. 2004 Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. pmid:14644642
Ehara N et al. Activators of PPARgamma antagonize protection of cardiac myocytes by endothelin-1. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15358182
Yuan ZY et al. PPAR-gamma ligands inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and attenuate autoimmune myocarditis. 2004 Chin. Med. J. pmid:15361304
Dugo L et al. 15d-prostaglandin J2 reduces multiple organ failure caused by wall-fragment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 2004 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:15364008
Li L et al. Molecular mechanisms regulating the antifibrogenic protein heme-oxygenase-1 in human hepatic myofibroblasts. 2004 J. Hepatol. pmid:15336443
Hirata Y et al. Anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic effect of NEPP11 on manganese-induced apoptosis and JNK pathway activation in PC12 cells. 2004 Brain Res. pmid:15342272
Grau R et al. Inhibition of activator protein 1 activation, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in colon carcinoma cells: evidence for a redox-sensitive peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent mechanism. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:15289320
Yoshimura-Uchiyama C et al. Differential modulation of human basophil functions through prostaglandin D2 receptors DP and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells/DP2. 2004 Clin. Exp. Allergy pmid:15298571
Kielian T et al. S. aureus-dependent microglial activation is selectively attenuated by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta12,14- prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2). 2004 J. Neurochem. pmid:15312171
Ichiki T et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and thiazolidinediones transactivate epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15369766
Schlezinger JJ et al. Environmental and endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce bone marrow B cell growth arrest and apoptosis: interactions between mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15322177
Si Q et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits IFN-inducible protein 10/CXC chemokine ligand 10 expression in human microglia: mechanisms and implications. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15322215
Cheng J et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands, 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, and ciglitazone, induce growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest in hepatic oval cells. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15325252
Luster AD and Tager AM T-cell trafficking in asthma: lipid mediators grease the way. 2004 Nat. Rev. Immunol. pmid:15343370
Fernández-Tome M et al. p44/42(ERK1/2) MAPK and PLD activation by PGD2 preserves papillary phosphatidylcholine homeostasis. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15249196
Kanunfre CC et al. Ciglitizone and 15d PGJ2 induce apoptosis in Jurkat and Raji cells. 2004 Int. Immunopharmacol. pmid:15251113
Berry EB et al. Differential effects of serum constituents on apoptosis induced by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in WISH epithelial cells. 2004 Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:15253890
Morosetti R et al. The PPARgamma ligands PGJ2 and rosiglitazone show a differential ability to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis and differentiation of human glioblastoma cell lines. 2004 Int. J. Oncol. pmid:15254749
Hofnagel O et al. Proinflammatory cytokines regulate LOX-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2004 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. pmid:15271788
Park KS et al. Neuronal differentiation of embryonic midbrain cells by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma via the JNK-dependent pathway. 2004 Exp. Cell Res. pmid:15212945
Shan ZZ et al. A potential role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 for induction of human articular chondrocyte apoptosis in arthritis. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15213234
Tanaka Y et al. Enhanced release of prostaglandin D2 during re-incubation of RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells after treatment of both lipopolysaccharide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 2004 Biol. Pharm. Bull. pmid:15256727
Jawerbaum A et al. Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation by its endogenous ligand 15-deoxy Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 on nitric oxide production in term placental tissues from diabetic women. 2004 Mol. Hum. Reprod. pmid:15258247
Zhao ML et al. 15-deoxy-delta (12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits astrocyte IL-1 signaling: inhibition of NF-kappaB and MAP kinase pathways and suppression of cytokine and chemokine expression. 2004 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:15265671
Zhang X et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and its ligands attenuate biologic functions of human natural killer cells. 2004 Blood pmid:15265789
Azuma Y et al. Induction of proliferation by 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the precursors in monocytic leukemia U937. 2004 Pharmacology pmid:15240994
Zhang C et al. The novel synthetic oleanane triterpenoid CDDO (2-cyano-3, 12-dioxoolean-1, 9-dien-28-oic acid) induces apoptosis in Mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome cells. 2004 J. Invest. Dermatol. pmid:15245439
Siavash H et al. Targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor by cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. 2004 Cancer Lett. pmid:15194221
Li Z et al. Delta12-Prostaglandin J2 inhibits the ubiquitin hydrolase UCH-L1 and elicits ubiquitin-protein aggregation without proteasome inhibition. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15194490
Ruiz PA et al. 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-mediated ERK signaling inhibits gram-negative bacteria-induced RelA phosphorylation and interleukin-6 gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells through modulation of protein phosphatase 2A activity. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15199053
Shimomura K et al. Fenofibrate, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 close KATP channels and induce insulin secretion. 2004 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. pmid:15201343
Garg TK and Chang JY 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-Prostaglandin J2 prevents reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by oxidative stress. 2004 BMC Pharmacol. pmid:15149553
Park EY et al. Transactivation of the PPAR-responsive enhancer module in chemopreventive glutathione S-transferase gene by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor heterodimer. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:15150131
Akbiyik F et al. Human bone marrow megakaryocytes and platelets express PPARgamma, and PPARgamma agonists blunt platelet release of CD40 ligand and thromboxanes. 2004 Blood pmid:15130939
Han S et al. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibit lung cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis by stimulation of P21 expression. 2004 Chest pmid:15136464
Collin M et al. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in the protection afforded by 15-deoxydelta12,14 prostaglandin J2 against the multiple organ failure caused by endotoxin. 2004 Crit. Care Med. pmid:15090969
Baolin L et al. Resveratrol inhibits the release of mediators from bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells in vitro. 2004 Planta Med. pmid:15095144
Zang C et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of human B lymphocytic leukemia. 2004 Leuk. Res. pmid:15109539
Jakob M et al. Chondrogenesis of expanded adult human articular chondrocytes is enhanced by specific prostaglandins. 2004 Rheumatology (Oxford) pmid:15113997
Verrier E et al. PPARgamma agonists ameliorate endothelial cell activation via inhibition of diacylglycerol-protein kinase C signaling pathway: role of diacylglycerol kinase. 2004 Circ. Res. pmid:15117825
Leung WK et al. Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ligands on growth and gene expression profiles of gastric cancer cells. 2004 Gut pmid:14960510
Mouihate A et al. A novel antipyretic action of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in the rat brain. 2004 J. Neurosci. pmid:14960602
Chatterjee PK et al. The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure. 2004 Cardiovasc. Res. pmid:14962493
Brummond KM et al. The first total synthesis of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the unambiguous assignment of the C14 stereochemistry. 2004 Org. Lett. pmid:14723515