Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Mutalithas K et al. | CRTH2 expression on T cells in asthma. | 2010 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:20491797 |
Koharudin LM et al. | Cyclopentenone prostaglandin-induced unfolding and aggregation of the Parkinson disease-associated UCH-L1. | 2010 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:20231490 |
Norman P | DP(2) receptor antagonists in development. | 2010 | Expert Opin Investig Drugs | pmid:20615077 |
Pedersen PJ et al. | Prostaglandin phospholipid conjugates with unusual biophysical and cytotoxic properties. | 2010 | Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. | pmid:20591667 |
Bai YJ et al. | A LC-MS-based method for quantification of biomarkers from serum of allergic rats. | 2010 | Molecules | pmid:20657485 |
Syed MA et al. | Expression of TREM-1 is inhibited by PGD2 and PGJ2 in macrophages. | 2010 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:20797396 |
Lou HQ et al. | [CRTH2 antagonist ameliorates airway inflammation in rats with asthma]. | 2010 | Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban | pmid:20175238 |
He R et al. | The prostaglandin Dâ‚‚ receptor CRTH2 is important for allergic skin inflammation after epicutaneous antigen challenge. | 2010 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:20713302 |
Schell C et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12-14-prostaglandin-J2 induces hypertrophy and loss of contractility in human testicular peritubular cells: implications for human male fertility. | 2010 | Endocrinology | pmid:20133451 |
Poncin S et al. | Oxidative stress: a required condition for thyroid cell proliferation. | 2010 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:20093493 |
Wang Y et al. | Role of cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway dysfunction in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. | 2010 | Chin. Med. J. | pmid:20819509 |
Xiao Y et al. | 3T3-L1 adipocyte apoptosis induced by thiazolidinediones is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-dependent and mediated by the caspase-3-dependent apoptotic pathway. | 2010 | FEBS J. | pmid:20050918 |
van den Brule S et al. | The D prostanoid receptor agonist BW245C [(4S)-(3-[(3R,S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2,5-dioxo)-4-imidazolidineheptanoic acid] inhibits fibroblast proliferation and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. | 2010 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:20719937 |
Watanabe K et al. | 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 prevents inflammatory response and endothelial cell damage in rats with acute obstructive cholangitis. | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | pmid:20056897 |
Kar R et al. | Mitochondrial remodeling following fission inhibition by 15d-PGJ2 involves molecular changes in mitochondrial fusion protein OPA1. | 2010 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:20678484 |
Satoh T et al. | Indomethacin-induced reduction in CRTH2 in eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji's disease): a proposed mechanism of action. | 2010 | Acta Derm. Venereol. | pmid:20107720 |
Akin C et al. | Mast cell activation syndrome: Proposed diagnostic criteria. | 2010 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:21035176 |
Veliça P et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits C2C12 myogenesis. | 2010 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:20109525 |
Gallant MA et al. | Increased concentrations of prostaglandin D2 during post-fracture bone remodeling. | 2010 | J. Rheumatol. | pmid:20080921 |
Zhang HX et al. | Alteration of biochemical and pathological properties of TDP-43 protein by a lipid mediator, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2). | 2010 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:20083106 |
Katura T et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 biphasically regulates the proliferation of mouse hippocampal neural progenitor cells by modulating the redox state. | 2010 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:20086036 |
Buga GM et al. | L-4F alters hyperlipidemic (but not healthy) mouse plasma to reduce platelet aggregation. | 2010 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:19965777 |
Roy SJ et al. | Characterization of C-terminal tail determinants involved in CRTH2 receptor trafficking: identification of a recycling motif. | 2010 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:20035740 |
Lin TY and London CA | Characterization and modulation of canine mast cell derived eicosanoids. | 2010 | Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. | pmid:20036014 |
Byrns MC et al. | Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 expression in MCF-7 cells reveals roles in steroid hormone and prostaglandin metabolism that may explain its over-expression in breast cancer. | 2010 | J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:20036328 |
Moraes LA et al. | Non-genomic effects of PPARgamma ligands: inhibition of GPVI-stimulated platelet activation. | 2010 | J. Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:20040043 |
Subra C et al. | Exosomes account for vesicle-mediated transcellular transport of activatable phospholipases and prostaglandins. | 2010 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:20424270 |
Bancos S et al. | Induction of heme oxygenase-1 in normal and malignant B lymphocytes by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) requires Nrf2. | 2010 | Cell. Immunol. | pmid:20064636 |
Oh YC et al. | Anti-allergic activity of a platycodon root ethanol extract. | 2010 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:20717534 |
Lee CM et al. | Prostaglandin expression profile in hypoxic osteoblastic cells. | 2010 | J. Bone Miner. Metab. | pmid:19471853 |
Kim SH et al. | Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) regulates haem oxygenase-1/ferritin expression: implications for toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma. | 2010 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:20345975 |
Zimmer M et al. | The connectivity map links iron regulatory protein-1-mediated inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-2a translation to the anti-inflammatory 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2010 | Cancer Res. | pmid:20354189 |
Koyama M et al. | Histone deacetylase inhibitors and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 synergistically induce apoptosis. | 2010 | Clin. Cancer Res. | pmid:20371690 |
Kim DH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) stabilizes, but functionally inactivates p53 by binding to the cysteine 277 residue. | 2010 | Oncogene | pmid:20208557 |
Cho HY et al. | Nrf2-regulated PPAR{gamma} expression is critical to protection against acute lung injury in mice. | 2010 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:20224069 |
Krall CM et al. | Food deprivation alters thermoregulatory responses to lipopolysaccharide by enhancing cryogenic inflammatory signaling via prostaglandin D2. | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:20393159 |
Lee JJ et al. | The protective effects of paclitaxel on platelet aggregation through the inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthase. | 2010 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:20361303 |
Pérez-Novo CA et al. | CRTH2 mediates the activation of human Th2 cells in response to PGD(2) released from IgE/anti-IgE treated nasal polyp tissue. | 2010 | Allergy | pmid:19839971 |
Mo C et al. | PPARgamma regulates LIF-induced growth and self-renewal of mouse ES cells through Tyk2-Stat3 pathway. | 2010 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:19922793 |
Kanda N et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces the production of human beta-defensin-3 in human keratinocytes. | 2010 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:19925780 |
Shim J et al. | The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands, pioglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), have antineoplastic effects against hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma cells. | 2010 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:19956851 |
Bach-Ngohou K et al. | Enteric glia modulate epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation through 15-deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2010 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:20478974 |
Masoodi M et al. | Prostaglandin D production in FM55 melanoma cells is regulated by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and is not related to melanin production. | 2010 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:20482620 |
Hilliard M et al. | The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20457605 |
Yokoyama Y et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits angiotensin II-induced fibronectin expression via hepatocyte growth factor induction in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. | 2010 | Ther Apher Dial | pmid:20438519 |
Romanovsky AA and Garami A | Prostaglandin riddles in energy metabolism: E is for excess, D is for depletion. Focus on "Food deprivation alters thermoregulatory responses to lipopolysaccharide by enhancing cryogenic inflammatory signaling via prostaglandin D2". | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:20410482 |
Shiraya K et al. | A novel transporter of SLC22 family specifically transports prostaglandins and co-localizes with 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in renal proximal tubules. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20448048 |
Mishra N et al. | Inhibition of mitochondrial division through covalent modification of Drp1 protein by 15 deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2. | 2010 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:20307494 |
Guo N et al. | Mast cell-derived prostaglandin D2 controls hyaluronan synthesis in human orbital fibroblasts via DP1 activation: implications for thyroid eye disease. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20308056 |
Poncin S et al. | N-acetylcysteine and 15 deoxy-{delta}12,14-prostaglandin J2 exert a protective effect against autoimmune thyroid destruction in vivo but not against interleukin-1{alpha}/interferon {gamma}-induced inhibitory effects in thyrocytes in vitro. | 2010 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:20489149 |
Kolaczkowska E et al. | Resident peritoneal macrophages and mast cells are important cellular sites of COX-1 and COX-2 activity during acute peritoneal inflammation. | 2009 Nov-Dec | Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.) | pmid:19885646 |
Moreira V et al. | Effects of Bothrops asper snake venom on the expression of cyclooxygenases and production of prostaglandins by peritoneal leukocytes in vivo, and by isolated neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. | 2009 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19155166 |
Csanky E et al. | Lipid metabolite levels of prostaglandin D2 and eicosapentaenoic acid recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid correlate with lung function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and controls. | 2009 | Electrophoresis | pmid:19294692 |
Kase K et al. | Inhibitory action of roxithromycin on histamine release and prostaglandin D2 production from beta-defensin 2-stimulated mast cells. | 2009 | Int. J. Mol. Med. | pmid:19212651 |
Ricart KC et al. | The permissive role of mitochondria in the induction of haem oxygenase-1 in endothelial cells. | 2009 | Biochem. J. | pmid:19161347 |
Lee DR et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis through inhibition of PKA/NF-kappaB in renal proximal epithelial cells. | 2009 | Toxicology | pmid:19167456 |
Quarello E and Trabbia A | High-definition flow combined with spatiotemporal image correlation in the diagnosis of fetal coarctation of the aorta. | 2009 | Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol | pmid:19194864 |
Ishii T et al. | Pivotal role of mast cells in pruritogenesis in patients with myeloproliferative disorders. | 2009 | Blood | pmid:19196660 |
Passeron T et al. | Upregulation of SOX9 inhibits the growth of human and mouse melanomas and restores their sensitivity to retinoic acid. | 2009 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:19273910 |
Yuan ZB et al. | Temporal expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in peritoneal macrophages of rats and effects of panax notoginseng saponins. | 2009 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:19184357 |
Whelan CJ | Evidence that 13-14 di-hydro, 15-keto prostaglandin D(2)-induced airway eosinophilia in guinea-pigs is independent of interleukin-5. | 2009 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:19184361 |
Liu J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 and pioglitazone inhibit hydroxyl peroxide-induced TNF-alpha and lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine expression in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 2009 | Shock | pmid:19174742 |
Kolaczkowska E et al. | Increased cyclooxygenase activity impairs apoptosis of inflammatory neutrophils in mice lacking gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9. | 2009 | Immunology | pmid:19175797 |
Joo M et al. | Lipopolysaccharide-dependent interaction between PU.1 and c-Jun determines production of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase and prostaglandin D2 in macrophages. | 2009 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:19181746 |
Bruck R et al. | Additive inhibitory effect of experimentally induced hepatic cirrhosis by agonists of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma and retinoic acid receptor. | 2009 | Dig. Dis. Sci. | pmid:18594976 |
Moriai M et al. | Down-regulation of hTERT expression plays an important role in 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. | 2009 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:19360348 |
Boehme SA et al. | Murine bone marrow-derived mast cells express chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T-helper class 2 cells (CRTh2). | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19346259 |
Iinuma K et al. | Involvement of Propionibacterium acnes in the augmentation of lipogenesis in hamster sebaceous glands in vivo and in vitro. | 2009 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:19282842 |
Ferguson HE et al. | Electrophilic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands have potent antifibrotic effects in human lung fibroblasts. | 2009 | Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. | pmid:19286977 |
Xue L et al. | Interaction between prostaglandin D and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells mediates cytokine production by Th2 lymphocytes in response to activated mast cells. | 2009 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:19220324 |
Ono E et al. | Increased production of cysteinyl leukotrienes and prostaglandin D2 during human anaphylaxis. | 2009 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:19128354 |
Shin SW et al. | 15d-PGJ2 induces apoptosis by reactive oxygen species-mediated inactivation of Akt in leukemia and colorectal cancer cells and shows in vivo antitumor activity. | 2009 | Clin. Cancer Res. | pmid:19690198 |
Wendeburg L et al. | Resveratrol inhibits prostaglandin formation in IL-1beta-stimulated SK-N-SH neuronal cells. | 2009 | J Neuroinflammation | pmid:19751497 |
Ferguson HE et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands induce heme oxygenase-1 in lung fibroblasts by a PPARgamma-independent, glutathione-dependent mechanism. | 2009 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:19734319 |
Kim DH et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 on the expression of p53 in MCF-7 cells. | 2009 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:19723057 |
Song NY et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 induces upregulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 via Nrf2 activation in human breast cancer cells. | 2009 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:19723058 |
Di Francesco L et al. | Induction of prostacyclin by steady laminar shear stress suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthesis via heme oxygenase-1 in human endothelial cells. | 2009 | Circ. Res. | pmid:19122175 |
Wang WM et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta1-induced chemokine expression in human tubular epithelial cells. | 2009 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. | pmid:19098936 |
Waku T et al. | Atomic structure of mutant PPARgamma LBD complexed with 15d-PGJ2: novel modulation mechanism of PPARgamma/RXRalpha function by covalently bound ligands. | 2009 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:19101554 |
Selg E et al. | Two different mechanisms for modulation of bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs by cyclooxygenase metabolites. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:19103301 |
Dong YW et al. | Suppression of pancreatic carcinoma growth by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma involves angiogenesis inhibition. | 2009 | World J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:19152448 |
Koinuma S et al. | The resetting of the circadian rhythm by Prostaglandin J2 is distinctly phase-dependent. | 2009 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:19111547 |
Baregamian N et al. | PPAR-gamma agonist protects against intestinal injury during necrotizing enterocolitis. | 2009 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:19114032 |
Byrns MC and Penning TM | Type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/prostaglandin F synthase (AKR1C3): role in breast cancer and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogs. | 2009 | Chem. Biol. Interact. | pmid:19010312 |
Higdon AN et al. | Methods for imaging and detecting modification of proteins by reactive lipid species. | 2009 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:19446632 |
Mickleborough TD et al. | Eicosapentaenoic acid is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells. | 2009 | Clin Nutr | pmid:19054597 |
Thura M et al. | GIF-0173 protects against cerebral infarction through DP1 receptor activation. | 2009 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:19576888 |
Bernardo A et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists promote differentiation and antioxidant defenses of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. | 2009 | J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. | pmid:19535992 |
Comabella M et al. | Plasma levels of 15d-PGJ are not altered in multiple sclerosis. | 2009 | Eur. J. Neurol. | pmid:19538219 |
Qin HD et al. | Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis after balloon injury. | 2009 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:19562688 |
Leduc M et al. | Functional selectivity of natural and synthetic prostaglandin EP4 receptor ligands. | 2009 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:19584306 |
Bai G et al. | Regulation of ANP secretion from isolated atria by prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase-2. | 2009 | Peptides | pmid:19539681 |
Pierre SR et al. | Subchronic infusion of the product of inflammation prostaglandin J2 models sporadic Parkinson's disease in mice. | 2009 | J Neuroinflammation | pmid:19630993 |
Pena-dos-Santos DR et al. | Activation of peripheral kappa/delta opioid receptors mediates 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induced-antinociception in rat temporomandibular joint. | 2009 | Neuroscience | pmid:19647045 |
Asano S et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 on Na-dependent phosphate transport activity and its intracellular signaling mechanism in osteoblast-like cells. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19616422 |
Gao W et al. | Prostaglandin D2 produced by hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase contributes to LPS-induced fever. | 2009 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:19617658 |
Hironaka A et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) impairs the functions of histone acetyltransferases through their insolubilization in cells. | 2009 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:19799872 |
Ohinata K et al. | Complement C5a stimulates food intake via a prostaglandin D(2)- and neuropeptide Y-dependent mechanism in mice. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:19800413 |
Tagen M et al. | Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 inhibits mast cell activation and reduces histamine content. | 2009 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19846869 |
Prakash J et al. | Albumin-binding and tumor vasculature determine the antitumor effect of 15-deoxy-Delta-(12,14)-prostaglandin-J(2) in vivo. | 2009 | Neoplasia | pmid:20019843 |