Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Hortobágyi L et al. | Adaptation of the hypothalamic blood flow to chronic nitric oxide deficiency is independent of vasodilator prostanoids. | 2007 | Brain Res. | pmid:17161389 |
Kang MA et al. | Up-regulation of skeletal muscle LIM protein 1 gene by 25-hydroxycholesterol may mediate morphological changes of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. | 2007 | Life Sci. | pmid:17161435 |
Sánchez-Gómez FJ et al. | Direct evidence for the covalent modification of glutathione-S-transferase P1-1 by electrophilic prostaglandins: implications for enzyme inactivation and cell survival. | 2007 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:17169324 |
Huang ZL et al. | Prostaglandins and adenosine in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. | 2007 | Curr Opin Pharmacol | pmid:17129762 |
Sugimoto M et al. | The anti-pruritic efficacy of TS-022, a prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist, is dependent on the endogenous prostaglandin D2 level in the skin of NC/Nga mice. | 2007 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17328887 |
Suwaki N et al. | Expression and potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in the placenta of diabetic pregnancy. | 2007 | Placenta | pmid:16753211 |
Tinfo N and Komar C | Potential role for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in regulating luteal lifespan in the rat. | 2007 | Reproduction | pmid:17244745 |
Lee JH et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-ProstaglandinJ2 regulates dedifferentiation through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-dependent pathway but not COX-2 expression in articular chondrocytes. | 2007 | J. Korean Med. Sci. | pmid:17982241 |
Payne SG et al. | The immunosuppressant drug FTY720 inhibits cytosolic phospholipase A2 independently of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. | 2007 | Blood | pmid:17008548 |
Li SJ et al. | [Effect of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma ligands on cytotrophoblast invasion in first trimester pregnancy]. | 2007 | Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi | pmid:17983488 |
Porter DW et al. | PGJ2 inhibition of LPS-induced inflammatory mediator expression from rat alveolar macrophages. | 2007 | J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A | pmid:17966068 |
Nitta N et al. | Quantitative analysis of eosinophil chemotaxis tracked using a novel optical device -- TAXIScan. | 2007 | J. Immunol. Methods | pmid:17289072 |
Futaki N et al. | Role of prostaglandins on mechanical scratching-induced cutaneous barrier disruption in mice. | 2007 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:17518991 |
Aschenbach JR et al. | Functional characteristics of the porcine colonic epithelium following transportation stress and Salmonella infection. | 2007 | Scand. J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:17505993 |
Wang XS et al. | PGE suppresses excessive anti-IgE induced cysteinyl leucotrienes production in mast cells of patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. | 2007 | Allergy | pmid:17508965 |
Monroy MA et al. | THE PPARgamma ligand 15d-PGJ2 modulates macrophage activation after injury in a murine trauma model. | 2007 | Shock | pmid:17510607 |
Lin TH et al. | PPARgamma inhibits osteogenesis via the down-regulation of the expression of COX-2 and iNOS in rats. | 2007 | Bone | pmid:17669705 |
Fionda C et al. | Inhibition of trail gene expression by cyclopentenonic prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in T lymphocytes. | 2007 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:17673570 |
Joo M et al. | Induction and function of lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase in host immunity. | 2007 | J. Immunol. | pmid:17675519 |
Satoh T | [Cysteine-mediated signaling pathway by a novel electrophilic compound, NEPP11]. | 2007 | Seikagaku | pmid:17319510 |
Chintalgattu V et al. | PPAR-gamma agonists induce the expression of VEGF and its receptors in cultured cardiac myofibroblasts. | 2007 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:17320065 |
Yoon EK et al. | ERK-1/-2 and p38 kinase oppositely regulate 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandinJ(2)-Induced PPAR-gamma activation that mediates dedifferentiation but not cyclooxygenase-2 expression in articular chondrocytes. | 2007 | J. Korean Med. Sci. | pmid:18162716 |
Cossette C et al. | Agonist and antagonist effects of 15R-prostaglandin (PG) D2 and 11-methylene-PGD2 on human eosinophils and basophils. | 2007 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:17041009 |
Sandig H et al. | Contrary prostaglandins: the opposing roles of PGD2 and its metabolites in leukocyte function. | 2007 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:17043246 |
Rollins MD et al. | Anti-inflammatory effects of PPAR-gamma agonists directly correlate with PPAR-gamma expression during acute pancreatitis. | 2006 Sep-Oct | J. Gastrointest. Surg. | pmid:16966031 |
Goya K et al. | The thiazolidinedione drug troglitazone up-regulates nitric oxide synthase expression in vascular endothelial cells. | 2006 Sep-Oct | J. Diabetes Complicat. | pmid:16949522 |
Castellani ML et al. | Rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3) generate prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) after regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) activation. | 2006 Oct-Dec | Int. J. Biol. Markers | pmid:17177158 |
Lappas M et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) and troglitazone regulation of the release of phospholipid metabolites, inflammatory cytokines and proteases from human gestational tissues. | 2006 Nov-Dec | Placenta | pmid:16434095 |
Urade Y | Twenty-fifth anniversary of the discovery of somnogenic activity of prostaglandin D2: sleep research directed by Osamu Hayaishi. | 2006 May-Jun | IUBMB Life | pmid:16754308 |
Okano M et al. | Presence and characterization of prostaglandin D2-related molecules in nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis. | 2006 May-Jun | Am J Rhinol | pmid:16871941 |
Guyer BJ et al. | Mast cell inhibitor R112 is well tolerated and affects prostaglandin D2 but not other mediators, symptoms, or nasal volumes in a nasal challenge model of allergic rhinitis. | 2006 May-Jun | Allergy Asthma Proc | pmid:16913263 |
Akabane H et al. | Effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate on immunological activation of human cultured mast cells. | 2006 | Allergol Int | pmid:17130681 |
Ishimura M et al. | Effects of KP-496, a novel dual antagonist for leukotriene D4 and thromboxane A2 receptors, on contractions induced by various agonists in the guinea pig trachea. | 2006 | Allergol Int | pmid:17130683 |
Mazid MA et al. | Endogenous 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) synthesized by adipocytes during maturation phase contributes to upregulation of fat storage. | 2006 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:17150216 |
Rousseaux C and Desreumaux P | [The peroxisome-proliferator-activated gamma receptor and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (PPARgamma and IBD)]. | 2006 | J. Soc. Biol. | pmid:17151549 |
Kang DS et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces renal epithelial cell death through NF-kappaB-dependent and MAPK-independent mechanism. | 2006 | Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. | pmid:16890972 |
Nakata S et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) induces death receptor 5 expression through mRNA stabilization independently of PPARgamma and potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis. | 2006 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:16891469 |
Wang XS and Lau HY | Beta-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of mediator release from human peripheral blood-derived mast cells. | 2006 | Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. | pmid:16895550 |
Zhang A et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells. | 2006 | Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. | pmid:16896186 |
Chaffer CL et al. | PPARgamma-independent induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in prostate and bladder carcinoma. | 2006 | BMC Cancer | pmid:16519808 |
Pérez S et al. | The 2-series prostaglandins suppress VLDL secretion in an inflammatory condition-dependent manner in primary rat hepatocytes. | 2006 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:16545597 |
Wise H | Lack of interaction between prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes in regulating adenylyl cyclase activity in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion cells. | 2006 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16545798 |
Wang XS et al. | Functional characterization of human mast cells cultured from adult peripheral blood. | 2006 | Int. Immunopharmacol. | pmid:16546715 |
Ogburn KD et al. | Prostaglandin J2 reduces catechol-O-methyltransferase activity and enhances dopamine toxicity in neuronal cells. | 2006 | Neurobiol. Dis. | pmid:16406650 |
Honma Y et al. | Effects of indomethacin and dexamethasone on mechanical scratching-induced cutaneous barrier disruption in mice. | 2006 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:16761958 |
El Mezayen R et al. | Effect of thymoquinone on cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. | 2006 | Immunol. Lett. | pmid:16762422 |
Lin TN et al. | 15d-prostaglandin J2 protects brain from ischemia-reperfusion injury. | 2006 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:16385084 |
Kobayashi M et al. | ATM activation by a sulfhydryl-reactive inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandin. | 2006 | Genes Cells | pmid:16824197 |
Ding J et al. | Cyclooxygenase isozymes are expressed in human myeloma cells but not involved in anti-proliferative effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. | 2006 | Mol. Carcinog. | pmid:16385588 |
Ogburn KD and Figueiredo-Pereira ME | Cytoskeleton/endoplasmic reticulum collapse induced by prostaglandin J2 parallels centrosomal deposition of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16774923 |
Landar A et al. | Interaction of electrophilic lipid oxidation products with mitochondria in endothelial cells and formation of reactive oxygen species. | 2006 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:16387790 |
Zhang M et al. | Curcumin inhibits trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis in rats by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2006 | Int. Immunopharmacol. | pmid:16782535 |
Shimizu T et al. | A role of PPAR-gamma in androstenediol-mediated salutary effects on cardiac function following trauma-hemorrhage. | 2006 | Ann. Surg. | pmid:16794398 |
Chen Y et al. | Effects of PPARgamma agonists on cell survival and focal adhesions in a Chinese thyroid carcinoma cell line. | 2006 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:16795079 |
Yucel-Lindberg T et al. | Signal pathways involved in the regulation of prostaglandin E synthase-1 in human gingival fibroblasts. | 2006 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:16766159 |
Relic B et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma1 is dephosphorylated and degraded during BAY 11-7085-induced synovial fibroblast apoptosis. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16766531 |
Sugimoto M et al. | Role of COX-1 and COX-2 on skin PGs biosynthesis by mechanical scratching in mice. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16815697 |
Schwartz MS et al. | Determination of a prostaglandin D2 antagonist and its acyl glucuronide metabolite in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection--a lack of MS/MS selectivity between a glucuronide conjugate and a phase I metabolite. | 2006 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:16716772 |
Na HK and Surh YJ | Transcriptional regulation via cysteine thiol modification: a novel molecular strategy for chemoprevention and cytoprotection. | 2006 | Mol. Carcinog. | pmid:16673384 |
BrazÃs P et al. | Dermal microdialysis in the dog: in vivo assessment of the effect of cyclosporin A on cutaneous histamine and prostaglandin D2 release. | 2006 | Vet. Dermatol. | pmid:16674731 |
Hickson-Bick DL et al. | The response of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes to lipopolysaccharide-induced stress. | 2006 | Shock | pmid:16680021 |
Son MJ et al. | Naturally occurring biflavonoid, ochnaflavone, inhibits cyclooxygenases-2 and 5-lipoxygenase in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | 2006 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:16681032 |
Bellows CF et al. | Modulation of macrophage nitric oxide production by prostaglandin D2. | 2006 | J. Surg. Res. | pmid:16289592 |
Helliwell RJ et al. | Gestational age-dependent up-regulation of prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) and production of PGDS-derived antiinflammatory prostaglandins in human placenta. | 2006 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:16291703 |
Grill M et al. | Systemic inflammation induces COX-2 mediated prostaglandin D2 biosynthesis in mice spinal cord. | 2006 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:16182321 |
Stamatakis K et al. | Identification of novel protein targets for modification by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in mesangial cells reveals multiple interactions with the cytoskeleton. | 2006 | J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. | pmid:16291835 |
Zhao X et al. | 15d-Prostaglandin J2 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, promotes expression of catalase, and reduces inflammation, behavioral dysfunction, and neuronal loss after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. | 2006 | J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. | pmid:16208315 |
Landar A et al. | Induction of the permeability transition and cytochrome c release by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in mitochondria. | 2006 | Biochem. J. | pmid:16268779 |
Cesario RM et al. | Differentiation and growth inhibition mediated via the RXR:PPARgamma heterodimer in colon cancer. | 2006 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:16271436 |
Ye P et al. | [The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in proliferation of cardiac non myocytes]. | 2006 | Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi | pmid:21162229 |
Garg TK and Chang JY | Methylmercury causes oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in microglia: attenuation by 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2. | 2006 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:16225932 |
Shiraki T et al. | Spectroscopic analyses of the binding kinetics of 15d-PGJ2 to the PPARgamma ligand-binding domain by multi-wavelength global fitting. | 2006 | Biochem. J. | pmid:16236024 |
Millán O et al. | Potentiation of tumor formation by topical administration of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in a model of skin carcinogenesis. | 2006 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:16113051 |
Tanaka H et al. | Polymer-assisted solution-phase synthesis and neurite-outgrowth-promoting activity of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-PGJ2 derivatives. | 2006 | Chem Asian J | pmid:17441107 |
Peeraully MR et al. | Prostaglandin D2 and J2-series (PGJ2, Delta12-PGJ2) prostaglandins stimulate IL-6 and MCP-1, but inhibit leptin, expression and secretion by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. | 2006 | Pflugers Arch. | pmid:16924534 |
Eucker J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in mantle cell lymphoma. | 2006 | Anticancer Drugs | pmid:16926626 |
Satoh T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 plays an essential role in chronic allergic inflammation of the skin via CRTH2 receptor. | 2006 | J. Immunol. | pmid:16888024 |
Sugimoto M et al. | COX-1 inhibition enhances scratching behaviour in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. | 2006 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:16842596 |
Quinkler M et al. | Depot-specific prostaglandin synthesis in human adipose tissue: a novel possible mechanism of adipogenesis. | 2006 | Gene | pmid:16842938 |
Raikwar HP et al. | PPARgamma antagonists reverse the inhibition of neural antigen-specific Th1 response and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by Ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2006 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:16844232 |
Willermain F et al. | 15-Deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits interferon gamma induced MHC class II but not class I expression on ARPE cells through a PPAR gamma independent mechanism. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:16939878 |
Lim HJ et al. | PPARgamma activation induces CD36 expression and stimulates foam cell like changes in rVSMCs. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:16939881 |
Chiba T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces IL-8 and GM-CSF by bronchial epithelial cells in a CRTH2-independent pathway. | 2006 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:16940740 |
Yu X et al. | Nrf2-mediated induction of cytoprotective enzymes by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 is attenuated by alkenal/one oxidoreductase. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16857669 |
Chen ZH et al. | Induction of adaptive response and enhancement of PC12 cell tolerance by 7-hydroxycholesterol and 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 through up-regulation of cellular glutathione via different mechanisms. | 2006 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:16565077 |
Horiguchi T et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2 mediates the development of cortical spreading depression-induced tolerance to transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. | 2006 | Neuroscience | pmid:16567054 |
Siddhivarn C et al. | Prostaglandin D2 pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-1 expression are induced by mechanical loading in an osteoblastic cell line. | 2006 | J. Periodont. Res. | pmid:16499711 |
Coyle AT and Kinsella BT | Synthetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists rosiglitazone and troglitazone suppress transcription by promoter 3 of the human thromboxane A2 receptor gene in human erythroleukemia cells. | 2006 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:16499875 |
Makino N et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands attenuate brain natriuretic peptide production and affect remodeling in cardiac fibroblasts in reoxygenation after hypoxia. | 2006 | Cell Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:16456235 |
Figarella K et al. | Prostaglandin-induced programmed cell death in Trypanosoma brucei involves oxidative stress. | 2006 | Cell Death Differ. | pmid:16456581 |
Takai S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces the phosphorylation of HSP27 in osteoblasts: function of the MAP kinase superfamily. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16876988 |
Piraino G et al. | Synergistic effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma and liver X receptor-alpha in the regulation of inflammation in macrophages. | 2006 | Shock | pmid:16878022 |
Moulin D et al. | Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)gamma agonists on prostaglandins cascade in joint cells. | 2006 | Biorheology | pmid:16912428 |
Yeh CH et al. | Cardiomyocytic apoptosis following global cardiac ischemia and reperfusion can be attenuated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha but not gamma activators. | 2006 | Shock | pmid:16912651 |
Ye F et al. | Quantitative characterization of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 in regulating EGFPSmad2 translocation in CHO cells through PPARgamma/TGFbeta/Smad2 pathway. | 2006 | Cell. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:16914899 |
Lee JJ et al. | Antiplatelet activity of carnosol is mediated by the inhibition of TXA2 receptor and cytosolic calcium mobilization. | 2006 | Vascul. Pharmacol. | pmid:16916624 |
Ulven T and Kostenis E | Targeting the prostaglandin D2 receptors DP and CRTH2 for treatment of inflammation. | 2006 | Curr Top Med Chem | pmid:16918458 |
Theiner G et al. | The mast cell mediator PGD2 suppresses IL-12 release by dendritic cells leading to Th2 polarized immune responses in vivo. | 2006 | Immunobiology | pmid:16920486 |
Urade Y and Mohri I | [Sleep and brain function]. | 2006 | No To Hattatsu | pmid:16986732 |
Kim EH and Surh YJ | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 as a potential endogenous regulator of redox-sensitive transcription factors. | 2006 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:16987499 |