PGD2
Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with PGD2?
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with PGD2?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What functions are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What lipids are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What genes are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with PGD2
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kanaoka Y and Urade Y | Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase. | 2003 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12895599 |
| Nagata K and Hirai H | The second PGD(2) receptor CRTH2: structure, properties, and functions in leukocytes. | 2003 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12895600 |
| Powell WS | A novel PGD(2) receptor expressed in eosinophils. | 2003 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12895601 |
| Kabashima K and Narumiya S | The DP receptor, allergic inflammation and asthma. | 2003 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12895602 |
| Jabr S et al. | Quantification of major urinary metabolites of PGE2 and PGD2 in cystic fibrosis: correlation with disease severity. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23791427 |
| Thornhill J and Asselin J | Temperature and hemodynamic changes associated with increased neural damage to global hemispheric hypoxic ischemia by prior prostaglandin E2, D2 and F2alpha administration. | 1999 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:10574644 |
| Tokuda H et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces interleukin-6 synthesis via Ca2+ mobilization in osteoblasts: regulation by protein kinase C. | 1999 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:10582659 |
| Sato TA and Mitchell MD | Preferential production of prostaglandin D2 by lipopolysaccharide stimulated human choriodecidual explants. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16380246 |
| ElAttar TM and Virji AS | Inhibition of growth in oral squamous carcinoma cells by cyclopentenone prostaglandins: comparison with chemotherapeutic agents. | 1997 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9223658 |
| Sugimoto M et al. | Role of COX-1 and COX-2 on skin PGs biosynthesis by mechanical scratching in mice. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16815697 |
| Urquhart P et al. | Profile of eicosanoids produced by human saphenous vein endothelial cells and the effect of dietary fatty acids. | 2001 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:11487303 |
| Vedin I et al. | Stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from lipopolysaccharide-activated human blood monocytes by prostaglandin J2 and metabolites of prostaglandin J2. | 1996 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:8931117 |
| Kuroyanagi G et al. | Suppression by resveratrol of prostaglandin D2-stimulated osteoprotegerin synthesis in osteoblasts. | 2014 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:24813642 |
| Nasushita R et al. | A comparative study of adrenocorticotropin-releasing activity of prostaglandins E1, E2, F2 alpha and D2 in the rat. | 1997 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9051727 |
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| Yamauchi J et al. | (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibits prostaglandin D2-stimulated HSP27 induction via suppression of the p44/p42 MAP kinase pathway in osteoblasts. | 2007 Oct-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17949962 |
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| Yoshida M et al. | Methotrexate enhances prostaglandin D2-stimulated heat shock protein 27 induction in osteoblasts. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15519494 |
| Sugimoto M et al. | Putative mechanism of the itch-scratch circle: repeated scratching decreases the cutaneous level of prostaglandin D2, a mediator that inhibits itching. | 2007 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17250998 |
| Brose SA and Golovko MY | Eicosanoid post-mortem induction in kidney tissue is prevented by microwave irradiation. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:24113545 |
| Fukushima M | Biological activities and mechanisms of action of PGJ2 and related compounds: an update. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1438462 |
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| van der Donk EM et al. | Leukotriene C4 formation by enriched human basophil preparations from normal and asthmatic subjects. | 1991 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1719566 |
| Imaizumi T et al. | Effect of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on IL-1beta-induced expression of epithelial neutrophil-activating protein-78 in human endothelial cells. | 2003 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:14580366 |
| Asano S et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 on Na-dependent phosphate transport activity and its intracellular signaling mechanism in osteoblast-like cells. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19616422 |
| Berry EB et al. | Differential effects of serum constituents on apoptosis induced by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in WISH epithelial cells. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15253890 |
| Virgolini I et al. | Effects of bopindolol on platelet function in hypertension at rest and during exercise. | 1990 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:2143586 |
| Son DJ et al. | Antiplatelet effect of green tea catechins: a possible mechanism through arachidonic acid pathway. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15172681 |
| Garcia Palacios V et al. | Expression of adipogenesis markers in a murine stromal cell line treated with 15-deoxy Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2, interleukin-11, 9-cis retinoic acid and vitamin K2. | 2001 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:11728175 |
| Levine L | Stimulated release of arachidonic acid by agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and retinoic acid receptors. | 2001 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:11728177 |
| Takai S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces the phosphorylation of HSP27 in osteoblasts: function of the MAP kinase superfamily. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16876988 |
| Sirén AL | Central cardiovascular and thermal effects of prostaglandin D2 in rats. | 1982 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6955803 |
| Mitchell MD et al. | The human placenta: a major source of prostaglandin D2. | 1982 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6955806 |
| Viganò T et al. | Stimulus-related difference in the formation of leukotrienes and PGD2 after immunological and non-immunological challenge of human lung parenchyma "in vitro". | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020580 |
| Koshihara Y and Kawamura M | Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin D2 on DNA synthesis in nuclei. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020589 |
| Förstermann U et al. | Studies on the mechanism of central cardiovascular and temperature responses to prostaglandin D2. | 1985 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:2991946 |
| Jaschonek K et al. | The binding of 6-oxo-prostaglandin E1 to platelet prostanoid receptors. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3020591 |
| Todo S et al. | Cell kinetic studies of PGD2 cytotoxicity on the in vitro growth of human neuroblastoma. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3016753 |
| Tanaka A et al. | Antiherpetic action of prostaglandin D2. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3029784 |
| Horie H et al. | Modulation by prostaglandin D2 of glucagon and insulin secretion in the perfused rat pancreas. | 1983 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6361782 |
| Walenga RW et al. | Re-examination of the assay for plasma prostanoids by solid-phase extraction, and radioimmunoassay. | 1985 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3865240 |
| Vincent JE et al. | The effect of 5-(2-chlorobenzyl)-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro 4H-thieno (3.2-C)-pyridine-2-one hydrochloride (PCR 3787), a metabolite of ticlopidine, on the aggregation of human platelets in vitro and on the aggregation inhibiting action of PGI2 and PGD2. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6396655 |
| Gardiner PJ and Browne JL | Tussive activity of inhaled PGD2 in the cat and characterisation of the receptor(s) involved. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6328541 |
| Sugiyama T et al. | Platelet prostaglandin D2 dehydrogenase in patients with myeloproliferative disorders. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3457389 |
| Marsden KA et al. | The effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on circulating eosinophils. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6593748 |
| Mahmud I et al. | On the identification and biological properties of prostaglandin J2. | 1984 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:6597446 |
| Strobl-Jäger E et al. | Influence of type IIa, IIb and IV-hyperlipoproteinemia on platelet prostaglandin sensitivity, plasma thromboxane B2 and platelet half-life. | 1986 | Prostaglandins Leukot Med | pmid:3540998 |
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| Ishizawa M and Minowa T | Effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on longitudinal and circular muscles of guinea-pig isolated proximal colon. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6962973 |
| Wendling MG and DuCharme DW | Cardiovascular effects of prostaglandin D3 and D2 in anesthetized dogs. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6945633 |
| Toda N | Different responsiveness of a variety of isolated dog arteries to prostaglandin D2. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6950464 |
| Barrow SE et al. | Measurement of prostaglandin D2 and identification of metabolites in human plasma during intravenous infusion. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6441188 |
| Rossi AG and O'Flaherty JT | Prostaglandin binding sites in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2549574 |
| Kim HS et al. | Intracellular glutathione level modulates the induction of apoptosis by delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1996 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8873236 |
| Spannhake EW et al. | Bronchoactive metabolites of arachidonic acid and their role in airway function. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6801729 |
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| Mitsuoka S et al. | Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin delta 12-PGJ2 on cell proliferation and alpha-fetoprotein expression in HuH-7 human hepatoma cells. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1371888 |
| Taber DF et al. | A nomenclature system for the isoprostanes. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9112285 |
| Stenson WF et al. | Metabolism of exogenous arachidonic acid by murine macrophage-like tumor cell lines. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6803301 |
| Claeys M et al. | Lack of prostacyclin biosynthesis by aortic tissue of the chicken. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6803304 |
| Karniguian A et al. | Prostaglandins: specific inhibition of platelet adhesion to collagen and relationship with cAMP level. | 1982 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6287536 |
| Town MH et al. | Pharmacological and cardiovascular properties of a hydantoin derivative, BW 245 C, with high affinity and selectivity for PGD2 receptors. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6302737 |
| Tynan SS et al. | On the multiplicity of platelet prostaglandin receptors. II. The use of N-0164 for distinguishing the loci of action for PGI2, PGD2, PGE2 and hydantoin analogs. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6087417 |
| Tasaki Y et al. | Prostaglandin D2 metabolite stimulates collagen synthesis by human osteoblasts during calcification. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1871375 |
| Whittle BJ et al. | Platelet and cardiovascular activity of the hydantoin BW245C, a potent prostaglandin analogue. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6344147 |
| Kane GC et al. | Insights into IgE-mediated lung inflammation derived from a study employing a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. | 1995 | Prostaglandins | pmid:8588068 |
| Ramis I et al. | In vivo release of 15-HETE and other arachidonic acid metabolites in nasal secretions during early allergic reactions. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1662405 |
| Ninomiya H et al. | Endothelin-1 induces stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in cells obtained from canine airways by bronchoalveolar lavage. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1584994 |
| Lee DY et al. | Prostaglandin profile and synthetic capacity of the colon: comparison of tissue sources and subcellular fractions. | 1992 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1542741 |
| Morrow JD et al. | Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 in vivo in humans following the administration of nicotinic acid. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2475889 |
| Gerritsen ME and Printz MP | Prostaglandin D synthase in microvessels from the rat cerebral cortex. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6119739 |
| Foreman D et al. | Effects of E2 levuglandins on the contractile activity of the rat uterus. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3317517 |
| Shimizu Y et al. | Selective synthesis and retention of 66k protein in a human neuroblastoma cell line (NCG) treated with a cytotoxic dosage of delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3449899 |
| Maclouf J et al. | Development of a radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin D2 using an antiserum against 11-methoxime prostaglandin D2. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3456623 |
| Armstrong RA and Talpain E | Comparison of the prostaglandin E (EP) receptor of human neutrophils and HL-60 cells differentiated with DMSO. | 1994 | Prostaglandins | pmid:7878190 |
| Napier FE and Temple DM | The influence of xanthines on the contractile responses of PGF2 alpha and PGD2 in human parenchymal strips. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2772222 |
| Ikai K et al. | Prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin D synthetase in mast cell deficient mice. | 1984 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6435183 |
| Ashida Y et al. | A novel anti-asthmatic quinone derivative, AA-2414 with a potent antagonistic activity against a variety of spasmogenic prostanoids. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2748922 |
| Raisz LG and Woodiel FN | Effect of alterations in the cyclopentane ring on bone resorptive activity of prostaglandin. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2727307 |
| Hayashi H et al. | Determination of 9 alpha, 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 by stereospecific antibody in various rat tissues. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:3474704 |
| Nakahata N et al. | PGJ2 and delta 12PGJ2 inhibit cell growth accompanied with inhibition of phosphoinositide turnover in human astrocytoma cells. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2177901 |
| Simmet T and Jaffe BM | Inhibition of B-16 melanoma growth in vitro by prostaglandin D2. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6573723 |
| Ishizawa M | Contractile effects of PGD2 and PGF2 alpha on mechanical and electrical activities in longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea-pig colon. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6580679 |
| Bregman MD and Meyskens FL | In vitro modulation of human and murine melanoma growth by prostanoid analogues. | 1983 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6581509 |
| Thierauch KH et al. | Stable 9 beta- or 11 alpha-halogen-15-cyclohexyl-prostaglandins with high affinity to the PGD2-receptor. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2847246 |
| Kashimura M et al. | Prostaglandin D2 diminishes transmucosal potential difference in rat colonic mucosa in vitro in contrast to the increasing effect of prostaglandin E1. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2854645 |
| Smith GS et al. | Adaptive cytoprotection against alcohol injury in the rat stomach is not due to increased prostanoid synthesis. | 1991 | Prostaglandins | pmid:1906621 |
| Harris DN et al. | 9 alpha-homo-9,11-epoxy-5,13-prostadienoic acid analogues: specific stable agonist (SQ 26, 538) and antagonist (SQ 26, 536) of the human platelet thromboxane receptor. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6270744 |