PGD2

Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with PGD2?

PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Carotid Artery Thrombosis D002341 7 associated lipids
Catalepsy D002375 30 associated lipids
Cataract D002386 34 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic D002471 126 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Viral D002472 26 associated lipids
Brain Ischemia D002545 89 associated lipids
Cholangitis D002761 3 associated lipids
Chondrosarcoma D002813 9 associated lipids
Colitis D003092 69 associated lipids
Colitis, Ulcerative D003093 24 associated lipids
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 189

PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with PGD2

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What functions are associated with PGD2?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What genes are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).

Rodent Model

Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with PGD2

Download all related citations
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 3138
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Pignatelli M et al. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is an inhibitor of ErbBs activity in human breast cancer cells. 2001 J. Cell. Sci. pmid:11739643
Tonge D et al. Enhancement of axonal regeneration by in vitro conditioning and its inhibition by cyclopentenone prostaglandins. 2008 J. Cell. Sci. pmid:18650498
Zavoico GB et al. Enhancement of thrombin- and ionomycin-stimulated prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor production in cultured endothelial cells by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester. 1990 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:2113537
Ito H et al. Prostaglandins stimulate the stress-induced synthesis of hsp27 and alpha B crystallin. 1997 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:9066782
Lin TH et al. 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14) -prostaglandin-J2 and ciglitazone inhibit TNF-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase 13 production via the antagonism of NF-κB activation in human synovial fibroblasts. 2011 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:21344384
Friedmann PS et al. Ultraviolet stimulated melanogenesis by human melanocytes is augmented by di-acyl glycerol but not TPA. 1990 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:2303529
Ulivi V et al. 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits the synthesis of the acute phase protein SIP24 in cartilage: Involvement of COX-2 in resolution of inflammation. 2008 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:18615580
Refsnes M et al. On the mechanisms of the growth-promoting effect of prostaglandins in hepatocytes: the relationship between stimulation of DNA synthesis and signaling mediated by adenylyl cyclase and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. 1995 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:7650056
Castaño E and Gil J 15-deoxy-delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 synergizes with phorbol ester to induce proliferation in Swiss 3T3 cells independently of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and PGD2 receptors. 2003 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:12704651
Baek K et al. Myeloid Elf-1-like factor stimulates adipogenic differentiation through the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression in bone marrow. 2012 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:22307523
Aquila S et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is expressed by human spermatozoa: its potential role on the sperm physiology. 2006 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:16972250
Qin HD et al. Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis after balloon injury. 2009 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:19562688
Lin TH et al. Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 inhibits the maturation and mineralization of osteoblasts. 2010 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:20020468
Satoh M and Yamazaki M In vitro DNA synthesis of mouse hepatocytes stimulated by tumor necrosis factor is inhibited by glucocorticoids and prostaglandin D2 but enhanced by retinoic acid. 1993 J. Cell. Physiol. pmid:8408229
Zhou J et al. Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit gastric aspiration lung injury and inflammation in rats. 2016 J. Cell. Mol. Med. pmid:27061967
Toaldo C et al. PPARgamma ligands inhibit telomerase activity and hTERT expression through modulation of the Myc/Mad/Max network in colon cancer cells. 2010 J. Cell. Mol. Med. pmid:19912441
Giannini L et al. Activation of cannabinoid receptors prevents antigen-induced asthma-like reaction in guinea pigs. 2008 J. Cell. Mol. Med. pmid:18266975
Guan NN et al. Prostaglandin D2 effects and DP1 /DP2 receptor distribution in guinea pig urinary bladder out-flow region. 2017 J. Cell. Mol. Med. pmid:27664012
Souza SC et al. TNF-alpha induction of lipolysis is mediated through activation of the extracellular signal related kinase pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 2003 J. Cell. Biochem. pmid:12898507
Chen Y et al. Effects of PPARgamma agonists on cell survival and focal adhesions in a Chinese thyroid carcinoma cell line. 2006 J. Cell. Biochem. pmid:16795079
Viji RI et al. Modulation of cyclooxygenase in endothelial cells by fibronectin: relevance to angiogenesis. 2008 J. Cell. Biochem. pmid:18459145
Yuan Z et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis associated with inhibition of self-sensitive T cells. 2004 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:15167281
Goetze S et al. PPAR gamma-ligands inhibit migration mediated by multiple chemoattractants in vascular smooth muscle cells. 1999 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:10226869
Inceoglu AB et al. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase limits niacin-induced vasodilation in mice. 2012 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:22526297
Perreault T and De Marte J Endothelin-1 has a dilator effect on neonatal pig pulmonary vasculature. 1991 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:1719291
Jin YR et al. Antiplatelet activity of epigallocatechin gallate is mediated by the inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation, elevation of PGD2 production, and maintaining calcium-ATPase activity. 2008 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:18209568
Bräutigam K et al. Combined treatment with TRAIL and PPARγ ligands overcomes chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cell lines. 2011 J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. pmid:20878528
Woodiel FN et al. Anabolic effects of prostaglandins in cultured fetal rat calvariae: structure-activity relations and signal transduction pathway. 1996 J. Bone Miner. Res. pmid:8864899
Pilbeam CC et al. Autoregulation of inducible prostaglandin G/H synthase in osteoblastic cells by prostaglandins. 1995 J. Bone Miner. Res. pmid:7785462
Gallant MA et al. Production of prostaglandin D(2) by human osteoblasts and modulation of osteoprotegerin, RANKL, and cellular migration by DP and CRTH2 receptors. 2005 J. Bone Miner. Res. pmid:15765187
Lee CM et al. Prostaglandin expression profile in hypoxic osteoblastic cells. 2010 J. Bone Miner. Metab. pmid:19471853
Shyu RY et al. H-rev107 regulates prostaglandin D2 synthase-mediated suppression of cellular invasion in testicular cancer cells. 2013 J. Biomed. Sci. pmid:23687991
Li L et al. 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces apoptosis of human hepatic myofibroblasts. A pathway involving oxidative stress independently of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors. 2001 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11477100
Reginato MJ et al. Prostaglandins promote and block adipogenesis through opposing effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. 1998 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9442016
Casteleijn E et al. Hormonal control of glycogenolysis in parenchymal liver cells by Kupffer and endothelial liver cells. 1988 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3422638
Nelson SM et al. Selenoprotein Expression in Macrophages Is Critical for Optimal Clearance of Parasitic Helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. 2016 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:26644468
Urade Y et al. Purification and characterization of rat brain prostaglandin D synthetase. 1985 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3930495
Fournier T et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inversely regulates prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin E2 production in murine macrophages. Synergistic action of cyclic AMP on cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis. 1997 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9388257
Takeda K et al. 15-Deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 and thiazolidinediones activate the MEK/ERK pathway through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2001 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11687581
Yang L et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and ligands inhibit surfactant protein B gene expression in the lung. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12829715
Bingham CO et al. A heparin-sensitive phospholipase A2 and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 are functionally linked in the delayed phase of prostaglandin D2 generation in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. 1996 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:8824228
Masamune A et al. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma block activation of pancreatic stellate cells. 2002 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11606585
Morii E and Oboki K MITF is necessary for generation of prostaglandin D2 in mouse mast cells. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15375155
Inoue H et al. Feedback control of cyclooxygenase-2 expression through PPARgamma. 2000 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10827178
Ogburn KD and Figueiredo-Pereira ME Cytoskeleton/endoplasmic reticulum collapse induced by prostaglandin J2 parallels centrosomal deposition of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16774923
Reddy ST et al. Analysis of the secretory phospholipase A2 that mediates prostaglandin production in mast cells. 1997 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9153207
Relic B et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma1 is dephosphorylated and degraded during BAY 11-7085-induced synovial fibroblast apoptosis. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16766531
Cheng S et al. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced membrane-associated prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 expression in human synovial fibroblasts by interfering with Egr-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15023995
Alvarez-Maqueda M et al. 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner in human lymphocytes. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15024026
Liu H et al. Regulation of the surface expression of the platelet-activating factor receptor in IC-21 peritoneal macrophages. Effects of lipopolysaccharide. 1992 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:1328211
Reddy ST and Herschman HR Prostaglandin synthase-1 and prostaglandin synthase-2 are coupled to distinct phospholipases for the generation of prostaglandin D2 in activated mast cells. 1997 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9013559
Miyahara T et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and hepatic stellate cell activation. 2000 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10969082
Kuehn HS et al. Prostaglandin E2 activates and utilizes mTORC2 as a central signaling locus for the regulation of mast cell chemotaxis and mediator release. 2011 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:20980255
Sakamoto H et al. Involvement of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase in the modulation of prostaglandin D2 synthesis. 2000 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11010961
Kozak KR et al. Oxygenation of the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonylglycerol, to glyceryl prostaglandins by cyclooxygenase-2. 2000 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10931854
He P et al. Oxidative stress suppresses cysteinyl leukotriene generation by mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. 2011 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:21233206
Choi YH et al. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase/ribosomal S6 protein kinase 1 cascade phosphorylates cAMP response element-binding protein to induce MUC5B gene expression via D-prostanoid receptor signaling. 2011 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:21832046
Nie M et al. Differential regulation of chemokine expression by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists: interactions with glucocorticoids and beta2-agonists. 2005 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15531761
Negishi M et al. Functional reconstitution of prostaglandin E receptor from bovine adrenal medulla with guanine nucleotide binding proteins. 1988 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:2896200
Mahmud I et al. Prostaglandin D synthase in human megakaryoblastic cells. 1997 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9353279
Werman A et al. Ligand-independent activation domain in the N terminus of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). Differential activity of PPARgamma1 and -2 isoforms and influence of insulin. 1997 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:9242701
Eling TE et al. Oxidation of glutathione to its thiyl free radical metabolite by prostaglandin H synthase. A potential endogenous substrate for the hydroperoxidase. 1986 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3007487
Ikeda Y et al. Suppression of rat thromboxane synthase gene transcription by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in macrophages via an interaction with NRF2. 2000 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10930400
Koizumi T et al. Identification of a cis-regulatory element for delta 12-prostaglandin J2-induced expression of the rat heme oxygenase gene. 1995 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:7665598
Curfs DM et al. Macrophage secretory phospholipase A2 group X enhances anti-inflammatory responses, promotes lipid accumulation, and contributes to aberrant lung pathology. 2008 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:18511424
Wang YL et al. Thiazolidinedione activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma can enhance mitochondrial potential and promote cell survival. 2002 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12082115
Virgolini I et al. Characterization of prostaglandin (PG)-binding sites expressed on human basophils. Evidence for a prostaglandin E1, I2, and a D2 receptor. 1992 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:1377673
Wilhelm D et al. SOX9 regulates prostaglandin D synthase gene transcription in vivo to ensure testis development. 2007 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:17277314
Amir-Moazami O et al. Phospholipid scramblase 1 modulates a selected set of IgE receptor-mediated mast cell responses through LAT-dependent pathway. 2008 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:18579528
Shiraki T et al. Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone is a core moiety of natural ligands for covalent binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. 2005 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15695504
Vunta H et al. The anti-inflammatory effects of selenium are mediated through 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in macrophages. 2007 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:17439952
Bishop-Bailey D and Hla T Endothelial cell apoptosis induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligand 15-deoxy-Delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2. 1999 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10358055
Stubbs VE et al. Indomethacin causes prostaglandin D(2)-like and eotaxin-like selective responses in eosinophils and basophils. 2002 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11980903
Watanabe K et al. Enzymatic formation of prostaglandin F2 alpha from prostaglandin H2 and D2. Purification and properties of prostaglandin F synthetase from bovine lung. 1985 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3858278
Lee TS et al. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression in murine macrophages is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of low dose 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12642589
Richman JG et al. Nicotinic acid receptor agonists differentially activate downstream effectors. 2007 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:17452318
Baek SJ et al. Expression of NAG-1, a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member, by troglitazone requires the early growth response gene EGR-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14662774
Schröder R et al. The C-terminal tail of CRTH2 is a key molecular determinant that constrains Galphai and downstream signaling cascade activation. 2009 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:19010788
Ho TC et al. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through the sequential activation of MAPKS and p53. 2008 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:18718914
Zavoico GB et al. Regulation of intracellular pH in human platelets. Effects of thrombin, A23187, and ionomycin and evidence for activation of Na+/H+ exchange and its inhibition by amiloride analogs. 1986 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3020026
Armoni M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma represses GLUT4 promoter activity in primary adipocytes, and rosiglitazone alleviates this effect. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12777391
Chen Y et al. Formation of reactive cyclopentenone compounds in vivo as products of the isoprostane pathway. 1999 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:10196163
Caivano M et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 regulates endogenous Cot MAPK kinase kinase 1 activity induced by lipopolysaccharide. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14557273
Murakami M et al. Interleukin-3 regulates development of the 5-lipoxygenase/leukotriene C4 synthase pathway in mouse mast cells. 1995 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:7559381
Song WL et al. Tetranor PGDM, an abundant urinary metabolite reflects biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2 in mice and humans. 2008 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:17993463
Boie Y et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of the human prostanoid DP receptor. 1995 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:7642548
Gao L et al. Formation of prostaglandins E2 and D2 via the isoprostane pathway: a mechanism for the generation of bioactive prostaglandins independent of cyclooxygenase. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12746435
Nelson CA and Seamon KB Binding of [3H]forskolin to human platelet membranes. Regulation by guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate, NaF, and prostaglandins E1 and D2. 1986 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:3463564
Lim SY et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) protects against nitrosative PC12 cell death through up-regulation of intracellular glutathione synthesis. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15319433
Shibata T et al. Thioredoxin as a molecular target of cyclopentenone prostaglandins. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12709421
Yu X et al. Nrf2-mediated induction of cytoprotective enzymes by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 is attenuated by alkenal/one oxidoreductase. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16857669
Chen ZH et al. Induction of adaptive response and enhancement of PC12 cell tolerance by 7-hydroxycholesterol and 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 through up-regulation of cellular glutathione via different mechanisms. 2006 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:16565077
Feinstein MB et al. Reversal of thrombin-induced myosin phosphorylation and the assembly of cytoskeletal structures in platelets by the adenylate cyclase stimulants prostaglandin D2 and forskolin. 1983 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:6571835
Ruiz PA et al. 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-mediated ERK signaling inhibits gram-negative bacteria-induced RelA phosphorylation and interleukin-6 gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells through modulation of protein phosphatase 2A activity. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15199053
Li L et al. RasGRP4 regulates the expression of prostaglandin D2 in human and rat mast cell lines. 2003 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:12493770
Manna JD et al. Identification of the major prostaglandin glycerol ester hydrolase in human cancer cells. 2014 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:25301951
Hilliard M et al. The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export. 2010 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:20457605
Paruchuri S et al. Leukotriene E4 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and induces prostaglandin D2 generation by human mast cells. 2008 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:18411276
Undem BJ et al. Inhibition by adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate of eicosanoid and platelet-activating factor biosynthesis in the mouse PT-18 mast cell. 1990 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:1691175
Hunter JG et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands differentially modulate muscle cell differentiation and MyoD gene expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma -dependent and -independent pathways. 2001 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:11477074