PGD2

Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with PGD2?

PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references

We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2

MeSH term MeSH ID Detail
Carotid Artery Thrombosis D002341 7 associated lipids
Catalepsy D002375 30 associated lipids
Cataract D002386 34 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic D002471 126 associated lipids
Cell Transformation, Viral D002472 26 associated lipids
Brain Ischemia D002545 89 associated lipids
Cholangitis D002761 3 associated lipids
Chondrosarcoma D002813 9 associated lipids
Colitis D003092 69 associated lipids
Colitis, Ulcerative D003093 24 associated lipids
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 189

PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with PGD2

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What functions are associated with PGD2?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

What genes are associated with PGD2?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).

Rodent Model

Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.

NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with PGD2

Download all related citations
Per page 10 20 50 100 | Total 3138
Authors Title Published Journal PubMed Link
Storer PD et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes: implications for multiple sclerosis. 2005 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:15748950
Spik I et al. Activation of the prostaglandin D2 receptor DP2/CRTH2 increases allergic inflammation in mouse. 2005 J. Immunol. pmid:15749909
Nakajima N et al. [Alternation of ion transport of airway epithelium by eicosanoids]. 2005 Arerugi pmid:16407682
Chen WC et al. Induction of apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma activation up-regulating PTEN and inhibiting PI3K activity. 2005 Chin. Med. J. pmid:16157051
Uehara Y [Prostaglandin D2]. 2005 Nippon Rinsho pmid:16149440
Zamuner SR et al. Predisposition to colorectal cancer in rats with resolved colitis: role of cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin d2. 2005 Am. J. Pathol. pmid:16251413
Negoro H et al. Endogenous prostaglandin D(2) synthesis decreases vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 2005 Life Sci. pmid:16154157
O'Flaherty JT et al. 5-Oxo-ETE analogs and the proliferation of cancer cells. 2005 Biochim. Biophys. Acta pmid:16154383
Schmidt R et al. LC-MS/MS-analysis of prostaglandin E2 and D2 in microdialysis samples of rats. 2005 J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. pmid:16172029
Shiraki T et al. Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone is a core moiety of natural ligands for covalent binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. 2005 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15695504
Bulló M et al. Stimulation of NGF expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by prostaglandins PGD2, PGJ2, and Delta12-PGJ2. 2005 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. pmid:15713689
García-Bueno B et al. The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin 15d-PGJ2 decreases oxidative/nitrosative mediators in brain after acute stress in rats. 2005 Psychopharmacology (Berl.) pmid:15719215
Hashimoto Y et al. Prostaglandin D2 inhibits IgE-mediated scratching by suppressing histamine release from mast cells. 2005 J. Pharmacol. Sci. pmid:15879676
Martín AR et al. The COX-2 inhibitor, rofecoxib, ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium induced colitis in mice. 2005 Inflamm. Res. pmid:15883736
Chen YC et al. Prostaglandin D(2) and J(2) induce apoptosis in human leukemia cells via activation of the caspase 3 cascade and production of reactive oxygen species. 2005 Biochim. Biophys. Acta pmid:15843042
Lappas M et al. Effect of nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands on PTHrP release from human fetal membranes. 2004 Sep-Oct Placenta pmid:15450387
PPAR activators and gastroenterology. 2004 Drug News Perspect. pmid:15801147
Józkowicz A et al. Opposite effects of prostaglandin-J2 on VEGF in normoxia and hypoxia: role of HIF-1. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:14715242
Neuhofer W et al. Chronic COX-2 inhibition reduces medullary HSP70 expression and induces papillary apoptosis in dehydrated rats. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:14717913
Ward JE et al. PPAR gamma ligands, 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and rosiglitazone regulate human cultured airway smooth muscle proliferation through different mechanisms. 2004 Br. J. Pharmacol. pmid:14718259
Ray DM et al. Human multiple myeloma cells express peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and undergo apoptosis upon exposure to PPARgamma ligands. 2004 Clin. Immunol. pmid:15451478
Abdelrahman M et al. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand 15-deoxyDelta12,14 prostaglandin J2 reduces the organ injury in hemorrhagic shock. 2004 Shock pmid:15545828
Chen F Endogenous inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappaB, an opportunity for cancer control. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:15548674
Inoue K et al. Effects of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on the cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the murine lung in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. 2004 Arzneimittelforschung pmid:15612612
Mitsumori S Recent progress in work on PGD2 antagonists for drugs targeting allergic diseases. 2004 Curr. Pharm. Des. pmid:15579050
Arai I et al. Prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist inhibits the pruritic activity in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. 2004 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:15556157
Chen Q et al. A yeast two-hybrid technology-based system for the discovery of PPARgamma agonist and antagonist. 2004 Anal. Biochem. pmid:15556564
Kumagai M et al. 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 inhibits the IL-1beta-induced expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. 2004 Tohoku J. Exp. Med. pmid:14998300
Emi M and Maeyama K The biphasic effects of cyclopentenone prostaglandins, prostaglandin J(2) and 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) on proliferation and apoptosis in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. 2004 Biochem. Pharmacol. pmid:15013841
Waits PS et al. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ modulates human T cell function in vitro. 2004 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:15020071
Azuma Y et al. Possible involvement of p38 in mechanisms underlying acceleration of proliferation by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 and the precursors in leukemia cell line THP-1. 2004 J. Pharmacol. Sci. pmid:15037811
Diab A et al. Ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and the retinoid X receptor exert additive anti-inflammatory effects on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. 2004 J. Neuroimmunol. pmid:14975592
Paumi CM et al. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) inhibit transcriptional activation by the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) ligand, 15-deoxy-delta 12,14prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2). 2004 Biochemistry pmid:14979731
Fogel-Petrovic M et al. Activated human dendritic cells express inducible cyclo-oxygenase and synthesize prostaglandin E2 but not prostaglandin D2. 2004 Immunol. Cell Biol. pmid:14984594
Cheng S et al. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits interleukin-1beta-induced membrane-associated prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 expression in human synovial fibroblasts by interfering with Egr-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15023995
Alvarez-Maqueda M et al. 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner in human lymphocytes. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15024026
Marone G et al. The human heart as a shock organ in anaphylaxis. 2004 Novartis Found. Symp. pmid:15025396
Qin C et al. A new class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists that inhibit growth of breast cancer cells: 1,1-Bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substituted phenyl)methanes. 2004 Mol. Cancer Ther. pmid:15026545
Hashimoto K et al. Activation and role of MAP kinases in 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. 2004 Pancreas pmid:15028947
Toyomoto M et al. Prostaglandins are powerful inducers of NGF and BDNF production in mouse astrocyte cultures. 2004 FEBS Lett. pmid:15044028
Tanaka K et al. Effects of prostaglandin D2 on helper T cell functions. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15044085
Onozaki A et al. Rapid change of glucose concentration promotes mesangial cell proliferation via VEGF: inhibitory effects of thiazolidinedione. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15047143
Tsuji T et al. Differential effects of beta2-adrenoceptor desensitization on the IgE-dependent release of chemical mediators from cultured human mast cells. 2004 Biol. Pharm. Bull. pmid:15467193
Liu JD et al. Thiol antioxidant and thiol-reducing agents attenuate 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced heme oxygenase-1 expression. 2004 Life Sci. pmid:14998722
Huang H et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands improve the antitumor efficacy of thrombospondin peptide ABT510. 2004 Mol. Cancer Res. pmid:15498928
Asami-Miyagishi R et al. Expression and function of PPARgamma in rat placental development. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:14766236
Hayashi N et al. Antitumor effects of peroxisome proliferator activate receptor gamma ligands on anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. 2004 Int. J. Oncol. pmid:14654945
Blázovics A et al. [Cytokines, prostaglandins, nutritive and non-nuitritive factors in inflammatory bowel diseases]. 2004 Orv Hetil pmid:15662752
Trottein F et al. Role of the D prostanoid receptor 1 in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses. 2004 Crit. Rev. Immunol. pmid:15663363
Yuan Z et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis associated with inhibition of self-sensitive T cells. 2004 J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. pmid:15167281
Lee KJ et al. Ox-LDL suppresses PMA-induced MMP-9 expression and activity through CD36-mediated activation of PPAR-g. 2004 Exp. Mol. Med. pmid:15665586
Dahlén SE and Kumlin M Monitoring mast cell activation by prostaglandin D2 in vivo. 2004 Thorax pmid:15170020
Bochenek G et al. Plasma 9alpha,11beta-PGF2, a PGD2 metabolite, as a sensitive marker of mast cell activation by allergen in bronchial asthma. 2004 Thorax pmid:15170023
Cheron A et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits glucocorticoid binding and signaling in macrophages through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-independent process. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15187150
Maddox JF et al. 15-deoxy prostaglandin J2 enhances allyl alcohol-induced toxicity in rat hepatocytes. 2004 Toxicol. Sci. pmid:14657518
Baek SJ et al. Expression of NAG-1, a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member, by troglitazone requires the early growth response gene EGR-1. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:14662774
Zhang X et al. Stress protein activation by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human mesangial cells. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:14871400
Ueta M et al. PPARgamma ligands attenuate mesangial contractile dysfunction in high glucose. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:14871416
Badawi AF et al. Inhibition of rat mammary gland carcinogenesis by simultaneous targeting of cyclooxygenase-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:14871855
Weber SM et al. PPARgamma is not required for the inhibitory actions of PGJ2 on cytokine signaling in pancreatic beta-cells. 2004 Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. pmid:14600076
Asada K et al. Antiinflammatory roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in human alveolar macrophages. 2004 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. pmid:14563653
Reddy PS et al. The synthesis and effects of prostaglandins on the ovary of the crab Oziotelphusa senex senex. 2004 Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. pmid:14644642
Ehara N et al. Activators of PPARgamma antagonize protection of cardiac myocytes by endothelin-1. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15358182
Shahab R et al. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and perennial rhinitis. 2004 J Laryngol Otol pmid:15318955
Lim SY et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) protects against nitrosative PC12 cell death through up-regulation of intracellular glutathione synthesis. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15319433
Sasaguri T and Miwa Y Prostaglandin J2 family and the cardiovascular system. 2004 Curr Vasc Pharmacol pmid:15320511
Servidei T et al. The cellular response to PPARgamma ligands is related to the phenotype of neuroblastoma cell lines. 2004 Oncol. Res. pmid:15301425
Boyault S et al. 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits IL-1beta-induced IKK enzymatic activity and IkappaBalpha degradation in rat chondrocytes through a PPARgamma-independent pathway. 2004 FEBS Lett. pmid:15304320
Ichiki T et al. 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and thiazolidinediones transactivate epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15369766
Schlezinger JJ et al. Environmental and endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists induce bone marrow B cell growth arrest and apoptosis: interactions between mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15322177
Si Q et al. 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits IFN-inducible protein 10/CXC chemokine ligand 10 expression in human microglia: mechanisms and implications. 2004 J. Immunol. pmid:15322215
Cheng J et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands, 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, and ciglitazone, induce growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest in hepatic oval cells. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15325252
Luster AD and Tager AM T-cell trafficking in asthma: lipid mediators grease the way. 2004 Nat. Rev. Immunol. pmid:15343370
Fernández-Tome M et al. p44/42(ERK1/2) MAPK and PLD activation by PGD2 preserves papillary phosphatidylcholine homeostasis. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15249196
Kanunfre CC et al. Ciglitizone and 15d PGJ2 induce apoptosis in Jurkat and Raji cells. 2004 Int. Immunopharmacol. pmid:15251113
Berry EB et al. Differential effects of serum constituents on apoptosis induced by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in WISH epithelial cells. 2004 Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids pmid:15253890
Morosetti R et al. The PPARgamma ligands PGJ2 and rosiglitazone show a differential ability to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis and differentiation of human glioblastoma cell lines. 2004 Int. J. Oncol. pmid:15254749
Hofnagel O et al. Proinflammatory cytokines regulate LOX-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. 2004 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. pmid:15271788
Park KS et al. Neuronal differentiation of embryonic midbrain cells by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma via the JNK-dependent pathway. 2004 Exp. Cell Res. pmid:15212945
Shan ZZ et al. A potential role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 for induction of human articular chondrocyte apoptosis in arthritis. 2004 J. Biol. Chem. pmid:15213234
Tanaka Y et al. Enhanced release of prostaglandin D2 during re-incubation of RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells after treatment of both lipopolysaccharide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 2004 Biol. Pharm. Bull. pmid:15256727
Jawerbaum A et al. Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation by its endogenous ligand 15-deoxy Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 on nitric oxide production in term placental tissues from diabetic women. 2004 Mol. Hum. Reprod. pmid:15258247
Ward C et al. Regulation of granulocyte apoptosis by NF-kappaB. 2004 Biochem. Soc. Trans. pmid:15157161
Miwa Y et al. Involvement of clusterin in 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. 2004 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. pmid:15158456
Hsu MF et al. Inhibition of the arachidonic acid cascade by norathyriol via blockade of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activity in neutrophils. 2004 Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. pmid:15083266
Karimi K et al. Substance P can stimulate prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 generation without granule exocytosis in murine mast cells. 2004 Eur. J. Pharmacol. pmid:15063154
Chana RS et al. Differential effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) ligands in proximal tubular cells: thiazolidinediones are partial PPAR gamma agonists. 2004 Kidney Int. pmid:15149321
Garg TK and Chang JY 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-Prostaglandin J2 prevents reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by oxidative stress. 2004 BMC Pharmacol. pmid:15149553
Park EY et al. Transactivation of the PPAR-responsive enhancer module in chemopreventive glutathione S-transferase gene by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor heterodimer. 2004 Cancer Res. pmid:15150131
Akbiyik F et al. Human bone marrow megakaryocytes and platelets express PPARgamma, and PPARgamma agonists blunt platelet release of CD40 ligand and thromboxanes. 2004 Blood pmid:15130939
Han S et al. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibit lung cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis by stimulation of P21 expression. 2004 Chest pmid:15136464
Collin M et al. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in the protection afforded by 15-deoxydelta12,14 prostaglandin J2 against the multiple organ failure caused by endotoxin. 2004 Crit. Care Med. pmid:15090969
Baolin L et al. Resveratrol inhibits the release of mediators from bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells in vitro. 2004 Planta Med. pmid:15095144
Zang C et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of human B lymphocytic leukemia. 2004 Leuk. Res. pmid:15109539
Jakob M et al. Chondrogenesis of expanded adult human articular chondrocytes is enhanced by specific prostaglandins. 2004 Rheumatology (Oxford) pmid:15113997
Verrier E et al. PPARgamma agonists ameliorate endothelial cell activation via inhibition of diacylglycerol-protein kinase C signaling pathway: role of diacylglycerol kinase. 2004 Circ. Res. pmid:15117825
Leung WK et al. Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ligands on growth and gene expression profiles of gastric cancer cells. 2004 Gut pmid:14960510
Mouihate A et al. A novel antipyretic action of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in the rat brain. 2004 J. Neurosci. pmid:14960602
Chatterjee PK et al. The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure. 2004 Cardiovasc. Res. pmid:14962493
Brummond KM et al. The first total synthesis of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the unambiguous assignment of the C14 stereochemistry. 2004 Org. Lett. pmid:14723515