Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Hata AN et al. | Structural determinants of arylacetic acid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs necessary for binding and activation of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2. | 2005 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:15563582 |
Schmidt R et al. | LC-MS/MS-analysis of prostaglandin E2 and D2 in microdialysis samples of rats. | 2005 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:16172029 |
Wilhelm D et al. | Sertoli cell differentiation is induced both cell-autonomously and through prostaglandin signaling during mammalian sex determination. | 2005 | Dev. Biol. | pmid:16185683 |
Iwata C et al. | Augmentation of lipogenesis by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in hamster sebaceous glands: identification of cytochrome P-450-mediated 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 production. | 2005 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:16297182 |
Thomas RK et al. | Inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB despite lack of functional IkappaBalpha protein overcomes multiple defects in apoptosis signaling in human B-cell malignancies. | 2005 | Clin. Cancer Res. | pmid:16299251 |
Chen C and Bazan NG | Lipid signaling: sleep, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotection. | 2005 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:16099392 |
Mouihate A et al. | Fever suppression in near-term pregnant rats is dissociated from LPS-activated signaling pathways. | 2005 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:16037126 |
Nakae K et al. | Functional role of prostacyclin receptor in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. | 2005 | Neurosci. Lett. | pmid:16039053 |
Artwohl M et al. | Thiazolidinediones inhibit apoptosis and heat shock protein 60 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. | 2005 | Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:15886792 |
Malki S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces nuclear import of the sex-determining factor SOX9 via its cAMP-PKA phosphorylation. | 2005 | EMBO J. | pmid:15889150 |
Wang Z and Figueiredo-Pereira ME | Inhibition of sequestosome 1/p62 up-regulation prevents aggregation of ubiquitinated proteins induced by prostaglandin J2 without reducing its neurotoxicity. | 2005 | Mol. Cell. Neurosci. | pmid:15911346 |
Pataki I et al. | In vivo effects of isatin on rat platelet eicosanoids. | 2005 | Platelets | pmid:15763895 |
Maurin AC et al. | Expression of PPARgamma and beta/delta in human primary osteoblastic cells: influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2005 | Calcif. Tissue Int. | pmid:15868283 |
Lindström TM and Bennett PR | 15-Deoxy-{delta}12,14-prostaglandin j2 inhibits interleukin-1{beta}-induced nuclear factor-{kappa}b in human amnion and myometrial cells: mechanisms and implications. | 2005 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:15755849 |
Takashima T et al. | Relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression and differentiation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. | 2005 | Oncol. Rep. | pmid:15756430 |
Lappas M et al. | Effect of nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands on PTHrP release from human fetal membranes. | 2004 Sep-Oct | Placenta | pmid:15450387 |
Dong YG et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in ECV304 endothelial cells. | 2004 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. | pmid:14704122 |
PPAR activators and gastroenterology. | 2004 | Drug News Perspect. | pmid:15801147 | |
Kumar AP et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands regulate myeloperoxidase expression in macrophages by an estrogen-dependent mechanism involving the -463GA promoter polymorphism. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:14668325 |
Böhm E et al. | 11-Dehydro-thromboxane B2, a stable thromboxane metabolite, is a full agonist of chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2) in human eosinophils and basophils. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:14668348 |
Itoh K et al. | Transcription factor Nrf2 regulates inflammation by mediating the effect of 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin j(2). | 2004 | Mol. Cell. Biol. | pmid:14673141 |
Kasim-Karakas SE et al. | Metabolic and endocrine effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diet in polycystic ovary syndrome. | 2004 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:14764771 |
Hirai H | [Prostaglandin D2 in allergy: PGD2 has dual receptor systems]. | 2004 | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi | pmid:14695454 |
Uehara Y | [PGD(2)/L-PGDS system in hypertension and renal injury]. | 2004 | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi | pmid:14695455 |
Miwa Y et al. | Physiology and pharmacology of the prostaglandin J2 family. | 2004 | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi | pmid:14695456 |
Fernández-Tome M et al. | COX-2-mediated PGD2 synthesis regulates phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in rat renal papillary tissue. | 2004 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:14698037 |
Matsuo T et al. | 15d-PGJ2 inhibits oxidized LDL-induced macrophage proliferation by inhibition of GM-CSF production via inactivation of NF-kappaB. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:14741709 |
Józkowicz A et al. | Opposite effects of prostaglandin-J2 on VEGF in normoxia and hypoxia: role of HIF-1. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:14715242 |
Neuhofer W et al. | Chronic COX-2 inhibition reduces medullary HSP70 expression and induces papillary apoptosis in dehydrated rats. | 2004 | Kidney Int. | pmid:14717913 |
Arai I et al. | Prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist inhibits the pruritic activity in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis. | 2004 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:15556157 |
Chen Q et al. | A yeast two-hybrid technology-based system for the discovery of PPARgamma agonist and antagonist. | 2004 | Anal. Biochem. | pmid:15556564 |
Kim BE et al. | Involvement of Sox-4 in the cytochrome c-dependent AIF-independent apoptotic pathway in HeLa cells induced by Delta12-prostaglandin J2. | 2004 | Exp. Mol. Med. | pmid:15557816 |
Józkowicz A et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 inhibits expression of eNOS in human endothelial cells. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:15560113 |
Abraha D et al. | (S,S)-formoterol increases the production of IL-4 in mast cells and the airways of a murine asthma model. | 2004 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:15031612 |
Rodway HA et al. | Lysophosphatidic acid attenuates the cytotoxic effects and degree of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation induced by 15-deoxyDelta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in neuroblastoma cells. | 2004 | Biochem. J. | pmid:15171682 |
Morii E and Oboki K | MITF is necessary for generation of prostaglandin D2 in mouse mast cells. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15375155 |
Hashimoto K et al. | Activation and role of MAP kinases in 15d-PGJ2-induced apoptosis in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. | 2004 | Pancreas | pmid:15028947 |
Toyomoto M et al. | Prostaglandins are powerful inducers of NGF and BDNF production in mouse astrocyte cultures. | 2004 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:15044028 |
Tanaka K et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 on helper T cell functions. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15044085 |
Onozaki A et al. | Rapid change of glucose concentration promotes mesangial cell proliferation via VEGF: inhibitory effects of thiazolidinedione. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15047143 |
Koda N et al. | Synthesis of prostaglandin F ethanolamide by prostaglandin F synthase and identification of Bimatoprost as a potent inhibitor of the enzyme: new enzyme assay method using LC/ESI/MS. | 2004 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:15047184 |
Saydam O et al. | Transactivator protein BICP0 of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is blocked by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which points to a mechanism for PGD2-mediated inhibition of BHV-1 replication. | 2004 | J. Virol. | pmid:15047795 |
Woolhiser MR et al. | Activation of human mast cells by aggregated IgG through FcgammaRI: additive effects of C3a. | 2004 | Clin. Immunol. | pmid:15003814 |
Relic B et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits Bay 11-7085-induced sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and apoptosis in human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15004016 |
Angeli V et al. | Activation of the D prostanoid receptor 1 regulates immune and skin allergic responses. | 2004 | J. Immunol. | pmid:15004188 |
Lupi R et al. | Rosiglitazone prevents the impairment of human islet function induced by fatty acids: evidence for a role of PPARgamma2 in the modulation of insulin secretion. | 2004 | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:14625208 |
Tsuji T et al. | Differential effects of beta2-adrenoceptor desensitization on the IgE-dependent release of chemical mediators from cultured human mast cells. | 2004 | Biol. Pharm. Bull. | pmid:15467193 |
Konopleva M et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and retinoid X receptor ligands are potent inducers of differentiation and apoptosis in leukemias. | 2004 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:15486192 |
Ishii T and Uchida K | Induction of reversible cysteine-targeted protein oxidation by an endogenous electrophile 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2. | 2004 | Chem. Res. Toxicol. | pmid:15487891 |
Li Z et al. | Neurotoxic prostaglandin J2 enhances cyclooxygenase-2 expression in neuronal cells through the p38MAPK pathway: a death wish? | 2004 | J. Neurosci. Res. | pmid:15523637 |
Sabichi AL et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma suppresses cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human prostate cells. | 2004 | Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. | pmid:15533896 |
Subbarayan V et al. | Differential peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma isoform expression and agonist effects in normal and malignant prostate cells. | 2004 | Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. | pmid:15533897 |
Eucker J et al. | Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma induce apoptosis in multiple myeloma. | 2004 | Anticancer Drugs | pmid:15514564 |
Yoshida M et al. | Methotrexate enhances prostaglandin D2-stimulated heat shock protein 27 induction in osteoblasts. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15519494 |
Giri S et al. | The 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits the inflammatory response in primary rat astrocytes via down-regulating multiple steps in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-NF-kappaB-p300 pathway independent of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2004 | J. Immunol. | pmid:15470065 |
Hayaishi O et al. | Genes for prostaglandin d synthase and receptor as well as adenosine A2A receptor are involved in the homeostatic regulation of nrem sleep. | 2004 | Arch Ital Biol | pmid:15493554 |
Emmans VC et al. | Regulation of cellular processes by PPARgamma ligands in neuroblastoma cells is modulated by the level of retinoblastoma protein expression. | 2004 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:15494029 |
Huang H et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands improve the antitumor efficacy of thrombospondin peptide ABT510. | 2004 | Mol. Cancer Res. | pmid:15498928 |
Hayashi N et al. | Antitumor effects of peroxisome proliferator activate receptor gamma ligands on anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. | 2004 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:14654945 |
Higashihara H et al. | Hypoxia-reoxygenation enhances interleukin-8 production from U937 human monocytic cells. | 2004 | Redox Rep. | pmid:15720834 |
Takagi T et al. | A PPAR-gamma ligand, 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2), inhibited gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats. | 2004 | Redox Rep. | pmid:15720836 |
Mix KS et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent repression of collagenase gene expression by 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid and prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14) J2: a role for Smad signaling. | 2004 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:14742672 |
Levonen AL et al. | Cellular mechanisms of redox cell signalling: role of cysteine modification in controlling antioxidant defences in response to electrophilic lipid oxidation products. | 2004 | Biochem. J. | pmid:14616092 |
Reddy RC et al. | Deactivation of murine alveolar macrophages by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands. | 2004 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:14617516 |
Weber SM et al. | PPARgamma is not required for the inhibitory actions of PGJ2 on cytokine signaling in pancreatic beta-cells. | 2004 | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:14600076 |
Ehara N et al. | Activators of PPARgamma antagonize protection of cardiac myocytes by endothelin-1. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15358182 |
Yuan ZY et al. | PPAR-gamma ligands inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and attenuate autoimmune myocarditis. | 2004 | Chin. Med. J. | pmid:15361304 |
Dugo L et al. | 15d-prostaglandin J2 reduces multiple organ failure caused by wall-fragment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. | 2004 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:15364008 |
Li L et al. | Molecular mechanisms regulating the antifibrogenic protein heme-oxygenase-1 in human hepatic myofibroblasts. | 2004 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:15336443 |
Hirata Y et al. | Anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic effect of NEPP11 on manganese-induced apoptosis and JNK pathway activation in PC12 cells. | 2004 | Brain Res. | pmid:15342272 |
Grau R et al. | Inhibition of activator protein 1 activation, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in colon carcinoma cells: evidence for a redox-sensitive peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma-independent mechanism. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15289320 |
Yoshimura-Uchiyama C et al. | Differential modulation of human basophil functions through prostaglandin D2 receptors DP and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells/DP2. | 2004 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:15298571 |
Kielian T et al. | S. aureus-dependent microglial activation is selectively attenuated by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta12,14- prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2). | 2004 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:15312171 |
Weber SM et al. | PPARgamma ligands induce ER stress in pancreatic beta-cells: ER stress activation results in attenuation of cytokine signaling. | 2004 | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:15315910 |
Szczeklik W et al. | Functional effects and gender association of COX-2 gene polymorphism G-765C in bronchial asthma. | 2004 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:15316498 |
Siavash H et al. | Abrogation of IL-6-mediated JAK signalling by the cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15d-PGJ(2) in oral squamous carcinoma cells. | 2004 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:15316561 |
Sánchez-Gómez FJ et al. | Protein thiol modification by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 addition in mesangial cells: role in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory genes. | 2004 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:15317873 |
Shahab R et al. | Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and perennial rhinitis. | 2004 | J Laryngol Otol | pmid:15318955 |
Lim SY et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) protects against nitrosative PC12 cell death through up-regulation of intracellular glutathione synthesis. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15319433 |
Sasaguri T and Miwa Y | Prostaglandin J2 family and the cardiovascular system. | 2004 | Curr Vasc Pharmacol | pmid:15320511 |
Park KS et al. | Neuronal differentiation of embryonic midbrain cells by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma via the JNK-dependent pathway. | 2004 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:15212945 |
Shan ZZ et al. | A potential role of 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 for induction of human articular chondrocyte apoptosis in arthritis. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15213234 |
Tanaka Y et al. | Enhanced release of prostaglandin D2 during re-incubation of RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells after treatment of both lipopolysaccharide and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | 2004 | Biol. Pharm. Bull. | pmid:15256727 |
Jawerbaum A et al. | Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation by its endogenous ligand 15-deoxy Delta12,14 prostaglandin J2 on nitric oxide production in term placental tissues from diabetic women. | 2004 | Mol. Hum. Reprod. | pmid:15258247 |
Zhao ML et al. | 15-deoxy-delta (12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits astrocyte IL-1 signaling: inhibition of NF-kappaB and MAP kinase pathways and suppression of cytokine and chemokine expression. | 2004 | J. Neuroimmunol. | pmid:15265671 |
Zhang X et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and its ligands attenuate biologic functions of human natural killer cells. | 2004 | Blood | pmid:15265789 |
Azuma Y et al. | Induction of proliferation by 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the precursors in monocytic leukemia U937. | 2004 | Pharmacology | pmid:15240994 |
Zhang C et al. | The novel synthetic oleanane triterpenoid CDDO (2-cyano-3, 12-dioxoolean-1, 9-dien-28-oic acid) induces apoptosis in Mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome cells. | 2004 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:15245439 |
Siavash H et al. | Targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor by cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. | 2004 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:15194221 |
Li Z et al. | Delta12-Prostaglandin J2 inhibits the ubiquitin hydrolase UCH-L1 and elicits ubiquitin-protein aggregation without proteasome inhibition. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15194490 |
Ruiz PA et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-mediated ERK signaling inhibits gram-negative bacteria-induced RelA phosphorylation and interleukin-6 gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells through modulation of protein phosphatase 2A activity. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15199053 |
Shimomura K et al. | Fenofibrate, troglitazone, and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 close KATP channels and induce insulin secretion. | 2004 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:15201343 |
Hawcroft G et al. | Expression of prostaglandin D2 receptors DP1 and DP2 by human colorectal cancer cells. | 2004 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:15172124 |
Son DJ et al. | Antiplatelet effect of green tea catechins: a possible mechanism through arachidonic acid pathway. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15172681 |
Takeshita K et al. | CRTH2 is a prominent effector in contact hypersensitivity-induced neutrophil inflammation. | 2004 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:15173122 |
Cipollone F et al. | Balance between PGD synthase and PGE synthase is a major determinant of atherosclerotic plaque instability in humans. | 2004 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:15155382 |
Ward C et al. | Regulation of granulocyte apoptosis by NF-kappaB. | 2004 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:15157161 |
Miwa Y et al. | Involvement of clusterin in 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. | 2004 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15158456 |
Chatterjee PK et al. | The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure. | 2004 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:14962493 |
Brummond KM et al. | The first total synthesis of 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 and the unambiguous assignment of the C14 stereochemistry. | 2004 | Org. Lett. | pmid:14723515 |