PGD2
Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with PGD2?
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with PGD2?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What functions are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What lipids are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What genes are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with PGD2
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azuma Y et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits IL-10 and IL-12 production by macrophages. | 2001 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:11327705 |
| Harris SG et al. | Prostaglandins as modulators of immunity. | 2002 | Trends Immunol. | pmid:11864843 |
| Fahmi H et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators inhibit MMP-1 production in human synovial fibroblasts likely by reducing the binding of the activator protein 1. | 2002 | Osteoarthr. Cartil. | pmid:11869069 |
| Pizzimenti S et al. | Synergistic effect of 4-hydroxynonenal and PPAR ligands in controlling human leukemic cell growth and differentiation. | 2002 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:11827749 |
| Büyükgüzel K et al. | Prostaglandin biosynthesis by midgut tissue isolated from the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. | 2002 | Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:11886778 |
| González E et al. | Streptozotocin-pancreatic damage in the rat: modulatory effect of 15-deoxy delta12,14-prostaglandin j(2) on nitridergic and prostanoid pathway. | 2002 | Nitric Oxide | pmid:11890746 |
| Monneret G et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandins D2 and J2 are potent activators of human eosinophils. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11907120 |
| Hayaishi O and Urade Y | Prostaglandin D2 in sleep-wake regulation: recent progress and perspectives. | 2002 | Neuroscientist | pmid:11843094 |
| Harris SG and Phipps RP | Prostaglandin D(2), its metabolite 15-d-PGJ(2), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma agonists induce apoptosis in transformed, but not normal, human T lineage cells. | 2002 | Immunology | pmid:11849312 |
| Masamune A et al. | Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma induce apoptosis in AR42J cells. | 2002 | Pancreas | pmid:11854617 |
| Diab A et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11859145 |
| Adams IR and McLaren A | Sexually dimorphic development of mouse primordial germ cells: switching from oogenesis to spermatogenesis. | 2002 | Development | pmid:11874911 |
| Mellor EA et al. | Cysteinyl leukotrienes and uridine diphosphate induce cytokine generation by human mast cells through an interleukin 4-regulated pathway that is inhibited by leukotriene receptor antagonists. | 2002 | J. Exp. Med. | pmid:11877481 |
| Xie S et al. | 15 deoxy delta12,14 PGJ2 induces procoagulant activity in cultured human endothelial cells. | 2002 | Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:11916086 |
| Rovin BH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 regulates mesangial cell proliferation and death. | 2002 | Kidney Int. | pmid:11918736 |
| Mondoro TH and Vostal JG | Cold temperatures reduce the sensitivity of stored platelets to disaggregating agents. | 2002 | Platelets | pmid:11918832 |
| Noverr MC et al. | Production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by pathogenic fungi. | 2002 | Infect. Immun. | pmid:11748207 |
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| Simonin MA et al. | PPAR-gamma ligands modulate effects of LPS in stimulated rat synovial fibroblasts. | 2002 | Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. | pmid:11742805 |
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| Harris SG et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-PGJ2 induces IL-8 production in human T cells by a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11801678 |
| Diaz BL et al. | Regulation of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and IL-6 expression in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells by exogenous but not endogenous prostanoids. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11801681 |
| Cheuk BL et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates apoptosis in rat epididymis through prostaglandin D2. | 2002 | Biol. Reprod. | pmid:11804951 |
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| Dieter P et al. | Lipopolysaccharide-induced release of arachidonic acid and prostaglandins in liver macrophages: regulation by Group IV cytosolic phospholipase A2, but not by Group V and Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2. | 2002 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:11812647 |
| Michimata T et al. | Accumulation of CRTH2-positive T-helper 2 and T-cytotoxic 2 cells at implantation sites of human decidua in a prostaglandin D(2)-mediated manner. | 2002 | Mol. Hum. Reprod. | pmid:11818521 |
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| Chen SY et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces apoptosis of a thyroid papillary cancer cell line (CG3 cells) through increasing intracellular iron and oxidative stress. | 2002 | Anticancer Drugs | pmid:12187333 |
| Yamamoto S et al. | Agents that elevate cyclic AMP induce receptor phosphorylation primarily at serine 331 in HEK 293 cells overexpressing human thromboxane receptor alpha. | 2002 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:12147288 |
| Sakurai S et al. | Retinal capillary pericyte proliferation and c-Fos mRNA induction by prostaglandin D2 through the cAMP response element. | 2002 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:12147615 |
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| Miyazaki Y et al. | Inhibitory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands on the expression of IgE heavy chain germline transcripts in the human B cell line DND39. | 2002 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:12150985 |
| Fernández-Tomé Mdel C et al. | Phospholipase C inhibitors and prostaglandins differentially regulate phosphatidylcholine synthesis in rat renal papilla. Evidence of compartmental regulation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase and CDP-choline:1,2-diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase. | 2002 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:12117562 |
| Kohyama T et al. | PGD(2) modulates fibroblast-mediated native collagen gel contraction. | 2002 | Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. | pmid:12204901 |
| Nencioni A et al. | Dendritic cell immunogenicity is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:12133943 |
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| Meier CA et al. | Regulation of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in THP-1 cells by ligands of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. | 2002 | Cytokine | pmid:12160520 |
| Kwak BR et al. | PPARgamma but not PPARalpha ligands are potent repressors of major histocompatibility complex class II induction in atheroma-associated cells. | 2002 | Circ. Res. | pmid:11861426 |
| Kohyama T et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits fibroblast migration. | 2002 | Eur. Respir. J. | pmid:11998998 |
| Sharif NA and Davis TL | Cloned human EP1 prostanoid receptor pharmacology characterized using radioligand binding techniques. | 2002 | J. Pharm. Pharmacol. | pmid:11999132 |
| Janabi N | Selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) in activated human astrocytes, but not in human brain macrophages. | 2002 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11971025 |
| Han S and Sidell N | Peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor gamma (PPARgamma) independent induction of CD36 in THP-1 monocytes by retinoic acid. | 2002 | Immunology | pmid:11972632 |
| Jeng JH et al. | Modulation of platelet aggregation by areca nut and betel leaf ingredients: roles of reactive oxygen species and cyclooxygenase. | 2002 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:11978487 |
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| Quraishi O et al. | Inhibition of inducible prostaglandin E(2) synthase by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) and polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2002 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:11931852 |
| Cao J et al. | In vitro pharmacological characterization of the prostanoid receptor population in the non-pregnant porcine myometrium. | 2002 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12020689 |
| Gong P et al. | Activation of the mouse heme oxygenase-1 gene by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) is mediated by the stress response elements and transcription factor Nrf2. | 2002 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:12006176 |
| Hong JT et al. | Inhibitory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist on ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity and activation of transcription factors in cultured rat embryonic midbrain cells. | 2002 | J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A | pmid:11936221 |
| Mujumdar VS et al. | Mechanism of constrictive vascular remodeling by homocysteine: role of PPAR. | 2002 | Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. | pmid:11940516 |
| Padilla J et al. | Human B lymphocytes and B lymphomas express PPAR-gamma and are killed by PPAR-gamma agonists. | 2002 | Clin. Immunol. | pmid:11987982 |
| Natarajan C and Bright JJ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 production, IL-12 signaling and Th1 differentiation. | 2002 | Genes Immun. | pmid:11960303 |
| Cuzzocrea S et al. | The cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) attenuates the development of acute and chronic inflammation. | 2002 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:11961117 |
| Kojima K et al. | Effect of PPARgamma ligands on the viability of gastric epithelial cells. | 2002 | Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:11966526 |
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| Wang YL et al. | Thiazolidinedione activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma can enhance mitochondrial potential and promote cell survival. | 2002 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12082115 |
| Huang WC et al. | Superoxide anion-dependent Raf/MEK/ERK activation by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), ciglitazone, and GW1929. | 2002 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:12083801 |
| Kondo M et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2): the endogenous electrophile that induces neuronal apoptosis. | 2002 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:12032289 |
| Krishnaswamy G et al. | Regulation of eosinophil-active cytokine production from human cord blood-derived mast cells. | 2002 | J. Interferon Cytokine Res. | pmid:12034046 |
| Sawano H et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits IL-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mesangial cells. | 2002 | Kidney Int. | pmid:12028436 |
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| Cox B et al. | Human colorectal cancer cells efficiently conjugate the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, prostaglandin J(2), to glutathione. | 2002 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:12213491 |
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| Ahn SG et al. | Sox-4 is a positive regulator of Hep3B and HepG2 cells' apoptosis induced by prostaglandin (PG)A(2) and delta(12)-PGJ(2). | 2002 | Exp. Mol. Med. | pmid:12216117 |
| Mössner R et al. | Agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibit cell growth in malignant melanoma. | 2002 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:12230498 |
| Iwasaki M et al. | Association of a new-type prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2 with circulating T helper 2 cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. | 2002 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:12230502 |
| Jozkowicz A et al. | Effect of prostaglandin-J(2) on VEGF synthesis depends on the induction of heme oxygenase-1. | 2002 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:12230869 |
| Haslmayer P et al. | The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial growth factor in the hormone-independent prostate cancer cell line PC 3 and the urinary bladder carcinoma cell line 5637. | 2002 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:12239635 |
| Clay CE et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced apoptosis does not require PPARgamma in breast cancer cells. | 2002 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:12401880 |
| Imaizumi T et al. | 15-Deoxy-D12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits CX3CL1/fractalkine expression in human endothelial cells. | 2002 | Immunol. Cell Biol. | pmid:12406386 |
| Kim SY et al. | Effects of tanshinone I isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge on arachidonic acid metabolism and in vivo inflammatory responses. | 2002 | Phytother Res | pmid:12410540 |
| Jawerbaum A et al. | Modulation of nitric oxide concentration and lipid metabolism by 15-deoxy Delta12,14prostaglandin J2 in embryos from control and diabetic rats during early organogenesis. | 2002 | Reproduction | pmid:12417000 |
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| Tzanakakis GN et al. | The preventive effect of ketoconazole on experimental metastasis from a human pancreatic carcinoma may be related to its effect on prostaglandin synthesis. | 2002 | Int J Gastrointest Cancer | pmid:12630766 |
| Diaz BL et al. | Participation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in eicosanoid generation by mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | 2002 | Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. | pmid:12664562 |
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| Yang X et al. | Hypoxic induction of cox-2 regulates proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. | 2002 | Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. | pmid:12444028 |
| Nikitakis NG et al. | 15-PGJ2, but not thiazolidinediones, inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and causes downregulation of Stat3 in human oral SCCa cells. | 2002 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:12454768 |
| Fahmi H et al. | 15d-PGJ(2) is acting as a 'dual agent' on the regulation of COX-2 expression in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. | 2002 | Osteoarthr. Cartil. | pmid:12435328 |
| Vitzthum H et al. | Gene expression of prostanoid forming enzymes along the rat nephron. | 2002 | Kidney Int. | pmid:12371957 |
| Higashi N et al. | A comparative study of eicosanoid concentrations in sputum and urine in patients with aspirin-intolerant asthma. | 2002 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:12372129 |
| Zhang J et al. | 15-Deoxy-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits PDGF-A and -B chain expression in human vascular endothelial cells independent of PPAR gamma. | 2002 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:12379230 |