Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Dang HT et al. | New jasmonate analogues as potential anti-inflammatory agents. | 2008 | Bioorg. Med. Chem. | pmid:18996699 |
Poncin S et al. | Oxidative stress in the thyroid gland: from harmlessness to hazard depending on the iodine content. | 2008 | Endocrinology | pmid:17884933 |
Yasui K et al. | Contribution of prostaglandin D2 via prostanoid DP receptor to nasal hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs repeatedly exposed to antigen. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17927976 |
Napimoga MH et al. | 15d-prostaglandin J2 inhibits inflammatory hypernociception: involvement of peripheral opioid receptor. | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:17928570 |
Caito S et al. | Rosiglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, PPARgamma agonists, differentially regulate cigarette smoke-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine release in monocytes/macrophages. | 2008 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:17970647 |
Cao H et al. | An improved LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of prostaglandins E(2) and D(2) production in biological fluids. | 2008 | Anal. Biochem. | pmid:17976507 |
Farias SE et al. | Formation of eicosanoids, E2/D2 isoprostanes, and docosanoids following decapitation-induced ischemia, measured in high-energy-microwaved rat brain. | 2008 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:18503030 |
Wang S et al. | AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 mediated prostaglandin D2 metabolism augments the PI3K/Akt proliferative signaling pathway in human prostate cancer cells. | 2008 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:18508192 |
Curfs DM et al. | Macrophage secretory phospholipase A2 group X enhances anti-inflammatory responses, promotes lipid accumulation, and contributes to aberrant lung pathology. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18511424 |
Qiao L et al. | Loss of XIAP sensitizes colon cancer cells to PPARgamma independent antitumor effects of troglitazone and 15-PGJ2. | 2008 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:18477501 |
Reddy RC et al. | Sepsis-induced inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis is mediated by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma}. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18535203 |
Chana RS et al. | Statins but not thiazolidinediones attenuate albumin-mediated chemokine production by proximal tubular cells independently of endocytosis. | 2008 | Am. J. Nephrol. | pmid:18535368 |
Su RY et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 up-regulates death receptor 5 gene expression in HCT116 cells: involvement of reactive oxygen species and C/EBP homologous transcription factor gene transcription. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18852146 |
Oguma T et al. | Role of prostaglandin D(2) and its receptors in the pathophysiology of asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18946232 |
Moniot B et al. | Male specific expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (cPTGDS) during chicken gonadal differentiation: relationship with cSOX9. | 2008 | Sex Dev | pmid:18577876 |
Nagata D et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and growth inhibition by its ligands in prostate cancer. | 2008 | Cancer Detect. Prev. | pmid:18789607 |
Amir-Moazami O et al. | Phospholipid scramblase 1 modulates a selected set of IgE receptor-mediated mast cell responses through LAT-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18579528 |
Yoshimura T et al. | Correlation between the prostaglandin D(2)/E(2) ratio in nasal polyps and the recalcitrant pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis associated with bronchial asthma. | 2008 | Allergol Int | pmid:18797183 |
Chearwae W and Bright JJ | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) and curcumin modulate the expression of toll-like receptors 4 and 9 in autoimmune T lymphocyte. | 2008 | J. Clin. Immunol. | pmid:18463970 |
Maruyama T et al. | Prostaglandin D(2) induces contraction via thromboxane A(2) receptor in rat liver myofibroblasts. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18586024 |
Zhao W et al. | TGF-beta1 attenuates mediator release and de novo Kit expression by human skin mast cells through a Smad-dependent pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18981148 |
Cruz-Orengo L et al. | Cutaneous nociception evoked by 15-delta PGJ2 via activation of ion channel TRPA1. | 2008 | Mol Pain | pmid:18671867 |
Zayed N et al. | Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 13 production in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes by prostaglandin D2. | 2008 | Arthritis Rheum. | pmid:18975308 |
Telleria-Diaz A et al. | Different effects of spinally applied prostaglandin D2 on responses of dorsal horn neurons with knee input in normal rats and in rats with acute knee inflammation. | 2008 | Neuroscience | pmid:18678231 |
Niwa Y et al. | Opposite effects of PU.1 on mast cell stimulation. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18680724 |
Arima M and Fukuda T | Prostaglandin D2 receptors DP and CRTH2 in the pathogenesis of asthma. | 2008 | Curr. Mol. Med. | pmid:18691063 |
Oku H and Umino T | Molecular characterization of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and their gene expression in the differentiating adipocytes of red sea bream Pagrus major. | 2008 | Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:18691667 |
Ryan AJ et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 impairs phosphatidylcholine synthesis and induces nuclear accumulation of thiol-modified cytidylyltransferase. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18614529 |
Ulivi V et al. | 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) inhibits the synthesis of the acute phase protein SIP24 in cartilage: Involvement of COX-2 in resolution of inflammation. | 2008 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:18615580 |
Gressner OA et al. | Pharmacological application of caffeine inhibits TGF-beta-stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression in hepatocytes via PPARgamma and SMAD2/3-dependent pathways. | 2008 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:18486259 |
Tajima T et al. | Lipopolysaccharide induces macrophage migration via prostaglandin D(2) and prostaglandin E(2). | 2008 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:18492946 |
Ghosh AK et al. | Constitutive Smad signaling and Smad-dependent collagen gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18627765 |
Genovese T et al. | Effect of cyclopentanone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta12,14PGJ2 on early functional recovery from experimental spinal cord injury. | 2008 | Shock | pmid:18628687 |
Alba G et al. | Heme oxygenase-1 expression is down-regulated by angiotensin II and under hypertension in human neutrophils. | 2008 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:18515325 |
Yoon HJ et al. | Regulation of TLR2 expression by prostaglandins in brain glia. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18523308 |
Bissonnette SL et al. | An endogenous prostaglandin enhances environmental phthalate-induced apoptosis in bone marrow B cells: activation of distinct but overlapping pathways. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18641309 |
Qiao L et al. | Down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis synergistically enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand-induced growth inhibition in colon cancer. | 2008 | Mol. Cancer Ther. | pmid:18645029 |
Ragolia L et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D(2) synthase stimulates glucose transport via enhanced GLUT4 translocation. | 2008 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:18619553 |
Moreira V et al. | Secretory phospholipases A(2) isolated from Bothrops asper and from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venoms induce distinct mechanisms for biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and D2 and expression of cyclooxygenases. | 2008 | Toxicon | pmid:18619987 |
Capobianco E et al. | Effects of natural ligands of PPARgamma on lipid metabolism in placental tissues from healthy and diabetic rats. | 2008 | Mol. Hum. Reprod. | pmid:18621767 |
Kim JW et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) rescues PC12 cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1: potential roles of Akt and ERK1/2. | 2008 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:18775681 |
Kuehn HS et al. | The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of Btk is required for optimal eicosanoid production and generation of reactive oxygen species in antigen-stimulated mast cells. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19017959 |
Ho TC et al. | 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through the sequential activation of MAPKS and p53. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18718914 |
Chearwae W and Bright JJ | PPARgamma agonists inhibit growth and expansion of CD133+ brain tumour stem cells. | 2008 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:19018263 |
Chan BC et al. | Traditional Chinese medicine for atopic eczema: PentaHerbs formula suppresses inflammatory mediators release from mast cells. | 2008 | J Ethnopharmacol | pmid:18725279 |
Patel P et al. | Enantio- and stereospecific syntheses of 15(R)-Me-PGD2, a potent and selective DP2-receptor agonist. | 2008 | J. Org. Chem. | pmid:18700746 |
Le Mée S et al. | 7beta-Hydroxy-epiandrosterone-mediated regulation of the prostaglandin synthesis pathway in human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2008 | Steroids | pmid:18555503 |
Lee JH et al. | The 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in IFN-gamma-stimulated astrocytes through induction of MAPK phosphatase-1. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:19050284 |
Lian TW et al. | Fisetin, morin and myricetin attenuate CD36 expression and oxLDL uptake in U937-derived macrophages. | 2008 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:18662803 |
Satarug S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression through the DP2 receptor. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18957281 |
Jozkowicz A et al. | 15d-PGJ2 upregulates synthesis of IL-8 in endothelial cells through induction of oxidative stress. | 2008 | Antioxid. Redox Signal. | pmid:18665800 |
Huang W et al. | PPARalpha and PPARgamma effectively protect against HIV-induced inflammatory responses in brain endothelial cells. | 2008 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:18710415 |
You Q et al. | Mechanism of T cell tolerance induction by murine hepatic Kupffer cells. | 2008 | Hepatology | pmid:18712788 |
Boisvert M et al. | PGJ2 antagonizes NF-kappaB-induced HIV-1 LTR activation in colonic epithelial cells. | 2008 | Virology | pmid:18755491 |
O'Brien JJ et al. | 15-deoxy-delta12,14-PGJ2 enhances platelet production from megakaryocytes. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18755987 |
Shiraishi Y et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin D2/CRTH2 pathway mediates double-stranded RNA-induced enhancement of allergic airway inflammation. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18097056 |
Yang JH et al. | Anti-allergic activity of an ethanol extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza. | 2008 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:19099230 |
Napimoga MH et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand, 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2, reduces neutrophil migration via a nitric oxide pathway. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18097063 |
Dubourdeau M et al. | Opposite roles of STAT and PPARgamma in the induction of p21WAF1 expression by IL-13 in human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2008 | Eur. Cytokine Netw. | pmid:19103521 |
Horváth B et al. | Carbon monoxide-prostaglandin E2 interaction in the hypothalamic circulation. | 2008 | Neuroreport | pmid:18815586 |
Fujimori K et al. | Enhancement of prostaglandin D(2) production through cyclooxygenase-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase by upstream stimulatory factor 1 in human brain-derived TE671 cells under serum starvation. | 2008 | Gene | pmid:18817855 |
GarcÃa-Bueno B et al. | Stress mediators regulate brain prostaglandin synthesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activation after stress in rats. | 2008 | Endocrinology | pmid:18079203 |
Muñoz U et al. | On the mechanism of inhibition of p27 degradation by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 in lymphoblasts of Alzheimer's disease patients. | 2008 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:18818877 |
Grill M et al. | Effect of endotoxin treatment on the expression and localization of spinal cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin synthases, and PGD2 receptors. | 2008 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:18028337 |
Kuboki S et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. | 2008 | Hepatology | pmid:18085707 |
Papaliodis D et al. | The flavonoid luteolin inhibits niacin-induced flush. | 2008 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18223672 |
Lutzow YS et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces chemokine expression, oxidative stress and microfilament reorganization in bovine mammary epithelial cells. | 2008 | J. Dairy Res. | pmid:18226310 |
Torres D et al. | Prostaglandin D2 inhibits the production of IFN-gamma by invariant NK T cells: consequences in the control of B16 melanoma. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18178816 |
Zhao H et al. | Met-Arg-Trp derived from Rubisco lowers blood pressure via prostaglandin D(2)-dependent vasorelaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 2008 | Peptides | pmid:18180074 |
Feltenmark S et al. | Eoxins are proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites produced via the 15-lipoxygenase-1 pathway in human eosinophils and mast cells. | 2008 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:18184802 |
Kerr BJ et al. | The protective effects of 15-deoxy-delta-(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 in spinal cord injury. | 2008 | Glia | pmid:18205174 |
Taketa K et al. | Oxidized low density lipoprotein activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) and PPARgamma through MAPK-dependent COX-2 expression in macrophages. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18208815 |
Jin YR et al. | Antiplatelet activity of epigallocatechin gallate is mediated by the inhibition of PLCgamma2 phosphorylation, elevation of PGD2 production, and maintaining calcium-ATPase activity. | 2008 | J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. | pmid:18209568 |
Choi IK et al. | PPAR-gamma ligand promotes the growth of APC-mutated HT-29 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. | 2008 | Invest New Drugs | pmid:18161004 |
Hounoki H et al. | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated osteoclast differentiation in human peripheral monocytes in part via suppression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. | 2008 | Bone | pmid:18242157 |
Zhao H et al. | Rubimetide (Met-Arg-Trp) derived from Rubisco exhibits anxiolytic-like activity via the DP1 receptor in male ddY mice. | 2008 | Peptides | pmid:18243414 |
Ohinata K et al. | Central prostaglandin D(2) stimulates food intake via the neuropeptide Y system in mice. | 2008 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:18258196 |
Perbandt M et al. | Structure of the extracellular glutathione S-transferase OvGST1 from the human pathogenic parasite Onchocerca volvulus. | 2008 | J. Mol. Biol. | pmid:18258257 |
Kim EH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 induces COX-2 expression through Akt-driven AP-1 activation in human breast cancer cells: a potential role of ROS. | 2008 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:18192694 |
Prenn C et al. | CRTH2 is not involved in the anti-enteropooling effect of PGD2 in the small intestine. | 2008 | Pharmacology | pmid:18212515 |
Rajakariar R et al. | Novel biphasic role for lymphocytes revealed during resolving inflammation. | 2008 | Blood | pmid:18218853 |
Kuesap J et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces heme oxygenase-1 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. | 2008 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:18174022 |
Urade Y | [Structure and function of prostaglandin D synthase]. | 2008 | Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso | pmid:18326294 |
Terao A et al. | Gene expression in the rat brain during prostaglandin D2 and adenosinergically-induced sleep. | 2008 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:18331290 |
Inagaki S et al. | Human liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 1-catalyzed reaction generating 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 from prostaglandin D2 followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | 2008 | J Sep Sci | pmid:18307166 |
Paolini JF et al. | Effects of laropiprant on nicotinic acid-induced flushing in patients with dyslipidemia. | 2008 | Am. J. Cardiol. | pmid:18308010 |
Crabb SJ et al. | BAG-1 inhibits PPARgamma-induced cell death, but not PPARgamma-induced transcription, cell cycle arrest or differentiation in breast cancer cells. | 2008 | Oncol. Rep. | pmid:18288403 |
Hong HY et al. | Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression through the Rac1/NADPH oxidase/ROS/p38 signaling cascade mediates the anti-inflammatory effect of 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 in murine macrophages. | 2008 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:18291107 |
Giannini L et al. | Activation of cannabinoid receptors prevents antigen-induced asthma-like reaction in guinea pigs. | 2008 | J. Cell. Mol. Med. | pmid:18266975 |
Malki S et al. | [Prostaglandin D2: new roles in the embryonic and pathological gonad]. | 2008 | Med Sci (Paris) | pmid:18272080 |
Ono E et al. | Salicylamide-induced anaphylaxis: increased urinary leukotriene E4 and prostaglandin D2 metabolite. | 2008 | Allergy | pmid:18315738 |
Hao GH et al. | Agonists at PPAR-gamma suppress angiotensin II-induced production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and extracellular matrix in rat cardiac fibroblasts. | 2008 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18278065 |
Khan AH et al. | Effect of femto to nano molar concentrations of prostaglandin analogues on pregnant rat uterine contractility. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18177857 |
Inoue T et al. | Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase is a powerful biomarker for severity of stable coronary artery disease. | 2008 | Atherosclerosis | pmid:18436228 |
Nomiya R et al. | CRTH2 plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of Cry j 1-induced pollinosis in mice. | 2008 | J. Immunol. | pmid:18390753 |
Liu Y et al. | Increased expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in the immune system of weaned pigs after Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide injection. | 2008 | Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. | pmid:18394717 |
Yamauchi J et al. | (-)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibits prostaglandin D2-stimulated HSP27 induction via suppression of the p44/p42 MAP kinase pathway in osteoblasts. | 2007 Oct-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17949962 |
Mendoza Magaña MJ et al. | [Anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock]. | 2007 Mar-Apr | Rev Alerg Mex | pmid:17542244 |
Rahman A et al. | Interactive effect of histamine and prostaglandin D2 on nasal allergic symptoms in rats. | 2007 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17112500 |
Li X et al. | Hypoxia reduces the expression and anti-inflammatory effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in human proximal renal tubular cells. | 2007 | Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. | pmid:17255125 |