Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Mutalithas K et al. | CRTH2 expression on T cells in asthma. | 2010 | Clin. Exp. Immunol. | pmid:20491797 |
Koharudin LM et al. | Cyclopentenone prostaglandin-induced unfolding and aggregation of the Parkinson disease-associated UCH-L1. | 2010 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:20231490 |
Norman P | DP(2) receptor antagonists in development. | 2010 | Expert Opin Investig Drugs | pmid:20615077 |
Pedersen PJ et al. | Prostaglandin phospholipid conjugates with unusual biophysical and cytotoxic properties. | 2010 | Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. | pmid:20591667 |
Bai YJ et al. | A LC-MS-based method for quantification of biomarkers from serum of allergic rats. | 2010 | Molecules | pmid:20657485 |
Reddy RC and Standiford TJ | Nrf2 and PPAR{gamma}: PPARtnering against oxidant-induced lung injury. | 2010 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:20634499 |
Ahmad AS et al. | Prostaglandin D2 DP1 receptor is beneficial in ischemic stroke and in acute exicitotoxicity in young and old mice. | 2010 | Age (Dordr) | pmid:20640551 |
Shah S et al. | Efficacy and safety of extended-release niacin/laropiprant plus statin vs. doubling the dose of statin in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia or mixed dyslipidaemia. | 2010 | Int. J. Clin. Pract. | pmid:20518948 |
Genovese A et al. | Human cardiac mast cells in anaphylaxis. | 2010 | Chem Immunol Allergy | pmid:20519884 |
Diers AR et al. | Modulation of mammary cancer cell migration by 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2): implications for anti-metastatic therapy. | 2010 | Biochem. J. | pmid:20536428 |
Vong L et al. | A pro-resolution mediator, prostaglandin D(2), is specifically up-regulated in individuals in long-term remission from ulcerative colitis. | 2010 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:20547854 |
van den Brule S et al. | The D prostanoid receptor agonist BW245C [(4S)-(3-[(3R,S)-3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxypropyl]-2,5-dioxo)-4-imidazolidineheptanoic acid] inhibits fibroblast proliferation and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. | 2010 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:20719937 |
Watanabe K et al. | 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 prevents inflammatory response and endothelial cell damage in rats with acute obstructive cholangitis. | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | pmid:20056897 |
Kar R et al. | Mitochondrial remodeling following fission inhibition by 15d-PGJ2 involves molecular changes in mitochondrial fusion protein OPA1. | 2010 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:20678484 |
Satoh T et al. | Indomethacin-induced reduction in CRTH2 in eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji's disease): a proposed mechanism of action. | 2010 | Acta Derm. Venereol. | pmid:20107720 |
Akin C et al. | Mast cell activation syndrome: Proposed diagnostic criteria. | 2010 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:21035176 |
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Gallant MA et al. | Increased concentrations of prostaglandin D2 during post-fracture bone remodeling. | 2010 | J. Rheumatol. | pmid:20080921 |
Zhang HX et al. | Alteration of biochemical and pathological properties of TDP-43 protein by a lipid mediator, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2). | 2010 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:20083106 |
Katura T et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 biphasically regulates the proliferation of mouse hippocampal neural progenitor cells by modulating the redox state. | 2010 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:20086036 |
Buga GM et al. | L-4F alters hyperlipidemic (but not healthy) mouse plasma to reduce platelet aggregation. | 2010 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:19965777 |
Roy SJ et al. | Characterization of C-terminal tail determinants involved in CRTH2 receptor trafficking: identification of a recycling motif. | 2010 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:20035740 |
Lin TY and London CA | Characterization and modulation of canine mast cell derived eicosanoids. | 2010 | Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. | pmid:20036014 |
Byrns MC et al. | Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 expression in MCF-7 cells reveals roles in steroid hormone and prostaglandin metabolism that may explain its over-expression in breast cancer. | 2010 | J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. | pmid:20036328 |
Templeton DJ et al. | Purification of reversibly oxidized proteins (PROP) reveals a redox switch controlling p38 MAP kinase activity. | 2010 | PLoS ONE | pmid:21085594 |
Moraes LA et al. | Non-genomic effects of PPARgamma ligands: inhibition of GPVI-stimulated platelet activation. | 2010 | J. Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:20040043 |
Subra C et al. | Exosomes account for vesicle-mediated transcellular transport of activatable phospholipases and prostaglandins. | 2010 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:20424270 |
Hatanaka M et al. | 15d-prostaglandin J2 enhancement of nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth is blocked by the chemoattractant receptor- homologous molecule expressed on T-helper type 2 cells (CRTH2) antagonist CAY10471 in PC12 cells. | 2010 | J. Pharmacol. Sci. | pmid:20424389 |
Maggiora M et al. | Involvement of PPARα and PPARγ in apoptosis and proliferation of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. | 2010 | Cell Biochem. Funct. | pmid:20862655 |
Uehara Y | [Prostaglandin D2 and related substances]. | 2010 | Nippon Rinsho | pmid:20960740 |
Hanks BC et al. | Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists in cartilage and synovial explants from dogs. | 2010 | Am. J. Vet. Res. | pmid:20919899 |
Kim NJ et al. | Concise and enantioselective total synthesis of 15-deoxy-Δ-(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2). | 2010 | J. Org. Chem. | pmid:20929274 |
Oh YC et al. | Anti-allergic activity of a platycodon root ethanol extract. | 2010 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:20717534 |
Kim DH et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) stabilizes, but functionally inactivates p53 by binding to the cysteine 277 residue. | 2010 | Oncogene | pmid:20208557 |
Cho HY et al. | Nrf2-regulated PPAR{gamma} expression is critical to protection against acute lung injury in mice. | 2010 | Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. | pmid:20224069 |
Krall CM et al. | Food deprivation alters thermoregulatory responses to lipopolysaccharide by enhancing cryogenic inflammatory signaling via prostaglandin D2. | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:20393159 |
Lee JJ et al. | The protective effects of paclitaxel on platelet aggregation through the inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthase. | 2010 | Arch. Pharm. Res. | pmid:20361303 |
Pérez-Novo CA et al. | CRTH2 mediates the activation of human Th2 cells in response to PGD(2) released from IgE/anti-IgE treated nasal polyp tissue. | 2010 | Allergy | pmid:19839971 |
Mo C et al. | PPARgamma regulates LIF-induced growth and self-renewal of mouse ES cells through Tyk2-Stat3 pathway. | 2010 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:19922793 |
Kanda N et al. | Prostaglandin D2 induces the production of human beta-defensin-3 in human keratinocytes. | 2010 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:19925780 |
Biburger M et al. | Pivotal Advance: Heme oxygenase 1 expression by human CD4+ T cells is not sufficient for their development of immunoregulatory capacity. | 2010 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:19797297 |
Toaldo C et al. | PPARgamma ligands inhibit telomerase activity and hTERT expression through modulation of the Myc/Mad/Max network in colon cancer cells. | 2010 | J. Cell. Mol. Med. | pmid:19912441 |
Diers AR et al. | Mitochondrial targeting of the electrophilic lipid 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 increases apoptotic efficacy via redox cell signalling mechanisms. | 2010 | Biochem. J. | pmid:19916962 |
Hilliard M et al. | The anti-inflammatory prostaglandin 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-PGJ2 inhibits CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20457605 |
Yokoyama Y et al. | 15-Deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits angiotensin II-induced fibronectin expression via hepatocyte growth factor induction in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. | 2010 | Ther Apher Dial | pmid:20438519 |
Romanovsky AA and Garami A | Prostaglandin riddles in energy metabolism: E is for excess, D is for depletion. Focus on "Food deprivation alters thermoregulatory responses to lipopolysaccharide by enhancing cryogenic inflammatory signaling via prostaglandin D2". | 2010 | Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. | pmid:20410482 |
Shiraya K et al. | A novel transporter of SLC22 family specifically transports prostaglandins and co-localizes with 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in renal proximal tubules. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20448048 |
Mishra N et al. | Inhibition of mitochondrial division through covalent modification of Drp1 protein by 15 deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2. | 2010 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:20307494 |
Guo N et al. | Mast cell-derived prostaglandin D2 controls hyaluronan synthesis in human orbital fibroblasts via DP1 activation: implications for thyroid eye disease. | 2010 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:20308056 |
Poncin S et al. | N-acetylcysteine and 15 deoxy-{delta}12,14-prostaglandin J2 exert a protective effect against autoimmune thyroid destruction in vivo but not against interleukin-1{alpha}/interferon {gamma}-induced inhibitory effects in thyrocytes in vitro. | 2010 | Am. J. Pathol. | pmid:20489149 |
Kolaczkowska E et al. | Resident peritoneal macrophages and mast cells are important cellular sites of COX-1 and COX-2 activity during acute peritoneal inflammation. | 2009 Nov-Dec | Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.) | pmid:19885646 |
Moreira V et al. | Effects of Bothrops asper snake venom on the expression of cyclooxygenases and production of prostaglandins by peritoneal leukocytes in vivo, and by isolated neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. | 2009 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19155166 |
Hayden RE et al. | Treatment of primary CLL cells with bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate induces apoptosis and represses the pro-proliferative signal of CD40-ligand, in part through increased 15dDelta12,14,PGJ2. | 2009 | Leukemia | pmid:18923439 |
Yuan ZB et al. | Temporal expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in peritoneal macrophages of rats and effects of panax notoginseng saponins. | 2009 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:19184357 |
Whelan CJ | Evidence that 13-14 di-hydro, 15-keto prostaglandin D(2)-induced airway eosinophilia in guinea-pigs is independent of interleukin-5. | 2009 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:19184361 |
Liu J et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 and pioglitazone inhibit hydroxyl peroxide-induced TNF-alpha and lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine expression in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 2009 | Shock | pmid:19174742 |
Kolaczkowska E et al. | Increased cyclooxygenase activity impairs apoptosis of inflammatory neutrophils in mice lacking gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9. | 2009 | Immunology | pmid:19175797 |
Joo M et al. | Lipopolysaccharide-dependent interaction between PU.1 and c-Jun determines production of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase and prostaglandin D2 in macrophages. | 2009 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:19181746 |
Gao W et al. | Prostaglandin D(2) sustains the pyrogenic effect of prostaglandin E(2). | 2009 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:19249295 |
Wang Y et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists enhance lung maturation in a neonatal rat model. | 2009 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:19262292 |
Yamamoto M et al. | Expression and characterization of PGD2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis: modulation of DP and CRTH2 by PGD2. | 2009 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:18802357 |
Pirianov G et al. | The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J(2) delays lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm delivery and reduces mortality in the newborn mouse. | 2009 | Endocrinology | pmid:18845626 |
Shin SW et al. | 15d-PGJ2 induces apoptosis by reactive oxygen species-mediated inactivation of Akt in leukemia and colorectal cancer cells and shows in vivo antitumor activity. | 2009 | Clin. Cancer Res. | pmid:19690198 |
Wendeburg L et al. | Resveratrol inhibits prostaglandin formation in IL-1beta-stimulated SK-N-SH neuronal cells. | 2009 | J Neuroinflammation | pmid:19751497 |
Ferguson HE et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands induce heme oxygenase-1 in lung fibroblasts by a PPARgamma-independent, glutathione-dependent mechanism. | 2009 | Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. | pmid:19734319 |
Kim DH et al. | Effects of 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 on the expression of p53 in MCF-7 cells. | 2009 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:19723057 |
Song NY et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 induces upregulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 via Nrf2 activation in human breast cancer cells. | 2009 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:19723058 |
Cha B et al. | 15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14,-prostaglandin J2 suppresses nuclear factor-kappaB-mediated apoptosis of Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. | 2009 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:19723089 |
Hokari R et al. | Increased expression and cellular localization of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis. | 2009 | J. Pathol. | pmid:19768745 |
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Ma XM et al. | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is essential in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. | 2009 | World J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:19701967 |
Levy JH | Biomarkers in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis: making nature disclose her mysteries. | 2009 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:19032357 |
Boehme SA et al. | A small molecule CRTH2 antagonist inhibits FITC-induced allergic cutaneous inflammation. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066314 |
Boehme SA et al. | Antagonism of CRTH2 ameliorates chronic epicutaneous sensitization-induced inflammation by multiple mechanisms. | 2009 | Int. Immunol. | pmid:19066315 |
Dong YW et al. | Suppression of pancreatic carcinoma growth by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma involves angiogenesis inhibition. | 2009 | World J. Gastroenterol. | pmid:19152448 |
Koinuma S et al. | The resetting of the circadian rhythm by Prostaglandin J2 is distinctly phase-dependent. | 2009 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:19111547 |
Baregamian N et al. | PPAR-gamma agonist protects against intestinal injury during necrotizing enterocolitis. | 2009 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:19114032 |
Byrns MC and Penning TM | Type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/prostaglandin F synthase (AKR1C3): role in breast cancer and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogs. | 2009 | Chem. Biol. Interact. | pmid:19010312 |
Higdon AN et al. | Methods for imaging and detecting modification of proteins by reactive lipid species. | 2009 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:19446632 |
Kar R et al. | A novel role for MAP1 LC3 in nonautophagic cytoplasmic vacuolation death of cancer cells. | 2009 | Oncogene | pmid:19448671 |
Zhang GY et al. | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma inhibits transforming growth factor-beta1 induction of connective tissue growth factor and extracellular matrix in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro. | 2009 | Arch. Dermatol. Res. | pmid:19466435 |
Ulbrich SE et al. | Quantitative characterization of prostaglandins in the uterus of early pregnant cattle. | 2009 | Reproduction | pmid:19470711 |
Shichijo M et al. | A prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonist modifies experimental asthma in sheep. | 2009 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:19486034 |
Wang X et al. | Potential effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator on LPS-induced lung injury in rats. | 2009 | Pulm Pharmacol Ther | pmid:19489131 |
Tokudome S et al. | Glucocorticoid protects rodent hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase-derived PGD2 biosynthesis. | 2009 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:19451694 |
Pierre SR et al. | Subchronic infusion of the product of inflammation prostaglandin J2 models sporadic Parkinson's disease in mice. | 2009 | J Neuroinflammation | pmid:19630993 |
Pena-dos-Santos DR et al. | Activation of peripheral kappa/delta opioid receptors mediates 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J2 induced-antinociception in rat temporomandibular joint. | 2009 | Neuroscience | pmid:19647045 |
Asano S et al. | Effects of prostaglandin D2 on Na-dependent phosphate transport activity and its intracellular signaling mechanism in osteoblast-like cells. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19616422 |
Gao W et al. | Prostaglandin D2 produced by hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase contributes to LPS-induced fever. | 2009 | J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:19617658 |
Butterfield JH | Survey of aspirin administration in systemic mastocytosis. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:19429499 |
Moniot B et al. | The PGD2 pathway, independently of FGF9, amplifies SOX9 activity in Sertoli cells during male sexual differentiation. | 2009 | Development | pmid:19429785 |
Relic B et al. | Genistein induces adipogenesis but inhibits leptin induction in human synovial fibroblasts. | 2009 | Lab. Invest. | pmid:19434061 |
Jung WK et al. | The 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits LPS-stimulated AKT and NF-kappaB activation and suppresses interleukin-6 in osteoblast-like cells MC3T3E-1. | 2009 | Life Sci. | pmid:19409914 |
Strakhova MI et al. | In vitro and in vivo characterization of A-940894: a potent histamine H4 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties. | 2009 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:19413570 |
Bujold K et al. | CD36-mediated cholesterol efflux is associated with PPARgamma activation via a MAPK-dependent COX-2 pathway in macrophages. | 2009 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:19377069 |
Mrabet-Dahbi S et al. | Murine mast cells secrete a unique profile of cytokines and prostaglandins in response to distinct TLR2 ligands. | 2009 | Exp. Dermatol. | pmid:19382314 |
Prakash J et al. | Albumin-binding and tumor vasculature determine the antitumor effect of 15-deoxy-Delta-(12,14)-prostaglandin-J(2) in vivo. | 2009 | Neoplasia | pmid:20019843 |
Khanim FL et al. | Combined bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate: potential novel therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. | 2009 | PLoS ONE | pmid:19997560 |
Pustovrh MC et al. | MMP/ TIMP balance is modulated in vitro by 15dPGJ(2) in fetuses and placentas from diabetic rats. | 2009 | Eur. J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:19811527 |
Piprek RP | Genetic mechanisms underlying male sex determination in mammals. | 2009 | J. Appl. Genet. | pmid:19875885 |