PGD2
Pgd2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Pgd2 is associated with abnormalities such as Inflammatory disorder, Pleurisy, Rhinitis, Dehydration and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as antagonists, fat cell differentiation, Phosphorylation, Process and Gene Expression. Pgd2 often locates in Cell surface, Body tissue, Extracellular, Bone Marrow and Membrane. The associated genes with PGD2 are oxytocin, 1-desamino-(O-Et-Tyr)(2)-, P4HTM gene, PTGS2 gene, PTGDS gene and IL3 gene. The related lipids are 15-deoxyprostaglandin J2, Nonesterified Fatty Acids, Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids and Liposomes. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Rodent Model.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of PGD2, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with PGD2?
PGD2 is suspected in Asthma, Dehydration, Allergic rhinitis NOS, Rhinitis, Infertility, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with PGD2
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with PGD2
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with PGD2?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What functions are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What lipids are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What genes are associated with PGD2?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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What common seen animal models are associated with PGD2?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'Multiple roles of the prostaglandin D2 signaling pathway in reproduction.' (Rossitto M et al., 2015).
Rodent Model
Rodent Model are used in the study 'PKA regulatory IIα subunit is essential for PGD2-mediated resolution of inflammation.' (Kong D et al., 2016).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with PGD2
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fox CC et al. | Enhancement of human intestinal mast cell mediator release in active ulcerative colitis. | 1990 | Gastroenterology | pmid:1693122 |
| Ikai K and Fukushima M | Effects of cytotoxic prostaglandin, delta 12-PGJ2 on protein synthesis and cytoskeleton in transformed epidermal cells in culture. | 1990 | Arch. Dermatol. Res. | pmid:1693839 |
| Ashby B | Novel mechanism of heterologous desensitization of adenylate cyclase: prostaglandins bind with different affinities to both stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on platelets. | 1990 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:1695318 |
| Atkins PC et al. | In vivo antigen-induced cutaneous mediator release: simultaneous comparisons of histamine, tryptase, and prostaglandin D2 release and the effect of oral corticosteroid administration. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1698845 |
| Pipkorn U | H1-antagonists as a tool in clarifying the pathophysiology of nasal allergy. | 1990 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:1699643 |
| Knapp HR | Reduced allergen-induced nasal congestion and leukotriene synthesis with an orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. | 1990 | N. Engl. J. Med. | pmid:1701029 |
| Liu MC et al. | Evidence for elevated levels of histamine, prostaglandin D2, and other bronchoconstricting prostaglandins in the airways of subjects with mild asthma. | 1990 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:2368958 |
| GarcÃa-Sáinz JA et al. | Melittin stimulates liver glycogenolysis and the release of prostaglandin D2 and thromboxane B2. | 1990 | Biochem. J. | pmid:2375756 |
| Zavoico GB et al. | Enhancement of thrombin- and ionomycin-stimulated prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor production in cultured endothelial cells by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester. | 1990 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:2113537 |
| Woodward DF et al. | Studies on the ocular pharmacology of prostaglandin D2. | 1990 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:2298534 |
| Goh Y and Nakajima M | Stimulatory effects of prostaglandin D2 analogues on adenylate cyclase in rabbit iris-ciliary body membrane fractions. | 1990 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:2249731 |
| Khan SH and Sorof S | Preferential binding of growth inhibitory prostaglandins by the target protein of a carcinogen. | 1990 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:2251282 |
| Nishimura G | [Antitumor activity and cell cycle effects of delta 12-PGJ2 in vivo]. | 1990 | Nihon Gan Chiryo Gakkai Shi | pmid:2351856 |
| Ford WD et al. | Pulmonary hypertension in lambs with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: vasodilator prostaglandins, isoprenaline, and tolazoline. | 1990 | J. Pediatr. Surg. | pmid:2352080 |
| Okumura T and Saito K | Effect of prostaglandins on glycogenesis and glycogenolysis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes--a role of prostaglandin D2 in the liver. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2353117 |
| Williams WR et al. | In vitro tests for the diagnosis of aspirin-sensitive asthma. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:2146311 |
| Atsmon J et al. | Conjugation of 9-deoxy-delta 9,delta 12(E)-prostaglandin D2 with intracellular glutathione and enhancement of its antiproliferative activity by glutathione depletion. | 1990 | Cancer Res. | pmid:2306739 |
| Kikuchi Y et al. | [Therapeutic values of prostaglandin D2 in nude mice bearing human ovarian carcinoma]. | 1990 | Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:2313142 |
| Nambu F et al. | Inhibitory effects of OKY-046 on spasmogen-induced bronchoconstrictions in sensitized and non-sensitized guinea pigs. | 1990 | Jpn. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:2313938 |
| Simpkins CO et al. | Prostaglandin D2 modulates human neutrophil intracellular calcium flux and inhibits superoxide release via its ring carbonyl. | 1990 | Life Sci. | pmid:2319907 |
| Gadsby JE et al. | Prostaglandin F2 alpha receptors on enzyme-dissociated pig luteal cells throughout the estrous cycle. | 1990 | Endocrinology | pmid:2153525 |
| Friedmann PS et al. | Ultraviolet stimulated melanogenesis by human melanocytes is augmented by di-acyl glycerol but not TPA. | 1990 | J. Cell. Physiol. | pmid:2303529 |
| Urade Y et al. | Mast cells contain spleen-type prostaglandin D synthetase. | 1990 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:2403560 |
| Mori H et al. | Augmentation of antiproliferative activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor by delta 12-prostaglandin J2. | 1990 | J Biol Response Mod | pmid:2341865 |
| Bochner BS et al. | Interleukin-1 is released at sites of human cutaneous allergic reactions. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:2262641 |
| Doyle WJ et al. | Physiologic responses to intranasal dose-response challenges with histamine, methacholine, bradykinin, and prostaglandin in adult volunteers with and without nasal allergy. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:2262647 |
| Kudo M et al. | [Prostaglandin D2-endogenous regulator of physiological sleep-inhibited CRF-induced ACTH secretion from rat anterior pituitary cells]. | 1990 | Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:1962750 |
| Kawano S et al. | Protective effect of PGD2 against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. | 1990 | J. Clin. Gastroenterol. | pmid:2212542 |
| Woodward DF et al. | Thromboxane A2-mimetics are potent microvascular permeability factors in the conjunctiva. | 1990 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:2213558 |
| Katsuura G et al. | Involvement of organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis and preoptic area in interleukin 1 beta-induced ACTH release. | 1990 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:1967907 |
| Vigano' T et al. | Binding sites for histamine and sulfidopeptide leukotrienes in normal and hypersensitized human lung fragments. | 1990 | Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res. | pmid:2144691 |
| Eggleston PA et al. | Disassociation of the release of histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites from osmotically activated basophils and human lung mast cells. | 1990 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:1691604 |
| Fukushima M | Prostaglandin J2--anti-tumour and anti-viral activities and the mechanisms involved. | 1990 | Eicosanoids | pmid:2073399 |
| Inoue M et al. | Interactions between the brain renin-angiotensin system and brain prostanoids in the control of vasopressin secretion. | 1990 | Exp Brain Res | pmid:2073934 |
| Bennegård B et al. | Luteotropic effects of prostaglandins I2 and D2 on isolated human corpora luteum. | 1990 | Fertil. Steril. | pmid:2168845 |
| Eriksson LO et al. | Prostaglandin E2 binding sites in human renal tissue: characterization and localization by radioligand binding and autoradiography. | 1990 | Acta Physiol. Scand. | pmid:2173350 |
| Brass EP and Garrity MJ | Structural specificity for prostaglandin effects on hepatocyte glycogenolysis. | 1990 | Biochem. J. | pmid:2158311 |
| Lysz TW et al. | Kupffer cell-hepatocyte interactions and the changes in 1-14C-arachidonate incorporation in response to endotoxin in vitro. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2112770 |
| Jongejan RC et al. | Effects of inflammatory mediators on the responsiveness of isolated human airways to methacholine. | 1990 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:2240835 |
| Marui N et al. | N-myc suppression and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase by prostaglandins. | 1990 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:2226777 |
| Koyama Y et al. | Prostaglandin production by isolated Kupffer cells. | 1990 | Gastroenterol. Jpn. | pmid:2227259 |
| Okuda-Ashitaka E et al. | Cyclic AMP-mediated inhibition of cell growth by prostaglandin D2 in a fibroblastic cell line (EBTr). | 1990 | Eicosanoids | pmid:1705811 |
| Hamid-Bloomfield S et al. | The role of prostanoid TP- and DP-receptors in the bronchoconstrictor effect of inhaled PGD2 in anaesthetized guinea-pigs: effect of the DP-antagonist BW A868C. | 1990 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:2119842 |
| Ito S et al. | Evaluation of ZK110841 and AH6809, an agonist and an antagonist of prostaglandin DP-receptors on human platelets, with a PGD2-responsive cell line from bovine embryonic trachea. | 1990 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:2158830 |
| Massey WA and Lichtenstein LM | The effects of antihistamines beyond H1 antagonism in allergic inflammation. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1979797 |
| White RP et al. | Eicosanoid levels in CSF of premature infants with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. | 1990 | Am. J. Med. Sci. | pmid:2321665 |
| Uda R et al. | Nociceptive effects induced by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin D2, E2, or F2 alpha to conscious mice. | 1990 | Brain Res. | pmid:2322844 |
| Undem BJ et al. | Inhibition by adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate of eicosanoid and platelet-activating factor biosynthesis in the mouse PT-18 mast cell. | 1990 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:1691175 |
| Proud D et al. | Inflammatory mediator release on conjunctival provocation of allergic subjects with allergen. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1692049 |
| Miadonna A et al. | Mediator release after endobronchial antigen challenge in patients with respiratory allergy. | 1990 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:1692050 |
| Schulman ES et al. | Histochemical heterogeneity of dispersed human lung mast cells. | 1990 | J. Immunol. | pmid:1692857 |
| Saitoh O et al. | Effect of amogastrin on the release of various prostaglandins into gastric lumen in man. | 1989 Mar-Apr | Jpn. J. Med. | pmid:2733241 |
| Tejedor M et al. | Potentiation of radiation toxicity in C-6 glioma cells by prostaglandin D2. | 1989 Jul-Aug | Anticancer Res. | pmid:2817802 |
| Rossi AG and O'Flaherty JT | Prostaglandin binding sites in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2549574 |
| Ishikawa H et al. | [Changes of protein and RNA content in accumulated G1 cells by delta12-PGJ2]. | 1989 | Gan To Kagaku Ryoho | pmid:2930205 |
| Kerr JS et al. | Effects of recombinant interleukin-1 beta on phospholipase A2 activity, phospholipase A2 mRNA levels, and eicosanoid formation in rabbit chondrocytes. | 1989 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:2558648 |
| Koshihara Y and Kawamura M | Prostaglandin D2 stimulates calcification of human osteoblastic cells. | 1989 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:2930558 |
| Naclerio RM et al. | The effect of cetirizine on early allergic response. | 1989 | Laryngoscope | pmid:2566879 |
| Ohuchi K et al. | Stimulation of histamine release and arachidonic acid metabolism in rat peritoneal mast cells by thapsigargin, a non-TPA-type tumor promoter. | 1989 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:2469475 |
| Wolfe LS et al. | Synthesis and functions of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products in brain: new findings and an appraisal. | 1989 | Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res. | pmid:2568735 |
| Wolfe LS and Pellerin L | Arachidonic acid metabolites in the rat and human brain. New findings on the metabolism of prostaglandin D2 and lipoxygenase products. | 1989 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:2570544 |
| Bhattacharya SK et al. | Effect of centrally administered prostaglandin D2 and some prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. | 1989 | J. Pharm. Pharmacol. | pmid:2571705 |
| Zehr BB et al. | Use of segmental airway lavage to obtain relevant mediators from the lungs of asthmatic and control subjects. | 1989 | Chest | pmid:2539958 |
| Benyon RC | The human skin mast cell. | 1989 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:2667702 |
| Leynadier F | [Mast cells and basophils in asthma]. | 1989 | Ann. Biol. Clin. (Paris) | pmid:2675683 |
| Hamid-Bloomfield S and Whittle BJ | Antagonism of PGD2 vasodepressor responses in the rat in vivo by the novel, selective antagonist, BW A868C. | 1989 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:2647205 |
| Kuiper J et al. | The role of prostaglandins in endotoxin stimulated glycogenolysis in the liver. | 1989 | Agents Actions | pmid:2653002 |
| Amano N et al. | The effect of pentobarbital and ether anesthesia on rat brain PGD2 content. | 1989 | Agressologie | pmid:2610292 |
| Shram SI et al. | [Preparation and properties of prostaglandin D2 labelled with tritium with high molar radioactivity]. | 1989 | Bioorg. Khim. | pmid:2590255 |
| Yamada K | [The effect of prostaglandin D2 on rat testicular testosterone levels]. | 1989 | Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi | pmid:2591605 |
| Goto H et al. | The role of prostaglandin D2 in the genesis of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in rats. | 1989 | Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. | pmid:2595317 |
| Salari H and Chan-Yeung M | Interleukin-1 potentiates antigen-mediated arachidonic acid metabolite formation in mast cells. | 1989 | Clin. Exp. Allergy | pmid:2513105 |
| Chakraborti S et al. | Oxidant-mediated activation of phospholipase A2 in pulmonary endothelium. | 1989 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:2514605 |
| Trist DG et al. | The antagonism by BW A868C of PGD2 and BW245C activation of human platelet adenylate cyclase. | 1989 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:2466517 |
| Triggiani M et al. | Inhibition of histamine and prostaglandin D2 release from human lung mast cells by ciclosporin A. | 1989 | Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. | pmid:2468619 |
| Charlesworth EN et al. | Cells and secretagogues involved in the human late-phase response. | 1989 | Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. | pmid:2468620 |
| Robinson C et al. | The metabolism of prostaglandin D2. Evidence for the sequential conversion by NADPH and NAD+ dependent pathways. | 1989 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:2818626 |
| Yoshimura S et al. | Prostaglandin D2 receptor of mastocytoma P-815 cells--possible regulation by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. | 1989 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:2497784 |
| Ikai K et al. | Prostaglandin D2, a mediator in both immediate and delayed-type immune reactions in the skin. | 1989 | Dermatologica | pmid:2506083 |
| Hatanaka M et al. | Late-phase accumulation of inositol phosphates stimulated by prostaglandins D2 and F2 alpha in neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells. | 1989 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:2507741 |
| Urade Y et al. | The major source of endogenous prostaglandin D2 production is likely antigen-presenting cells. Localization of glutathione-requiring prostaglandin D synthetase in histiocytes, dendritic, and Kupffer cells in various rat tissues. | 1989 | J. Immunol. | pmid:2509561 |
| Ito S et al. | Prostaglandin D2: a biochemical perspective. | 1989 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:2510183 |
| Lapointe DS and Olson MS | Platelet-activating factor-stimulated hepatic glycogenolysis is not mediated through cyclooxygenase-derived metabolites of arachidonic acid. | 1989 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:2501299 |
| Virgolini I et al. | Effects of taprostene, a chemically stable prostacyclin analogue, in patients with ischaemic peripheral vascular disease: a placebo controlled double-blind trial. | 1989 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:2514430 |
| Robinson C et al. | The IgE- and calcium-dependent release of eicosanoids and histamine from human purified cutaneous mast cells. | 1989 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:2504819 |
| Stürzebecher S et al. | Effects of PGD2, PGE1, and PGI2-analogues on PGDF-release and aggregation of human gelfiltered platelets. | 1989 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2477855 |
| Cohan VL et al. | Dexamethasone does not inhibit the release of mediators from human mast cells residing in airway, intestine, or skin. | 1989 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:2478059 |
| Reshef A et al. | The pattern and kinetics in human skin of erythema and mediators during the acute and late-phase response (LPR). | 1989 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:2478604 |
| Marone G et al. | Human basophil/mast cell releasability. VII. Heterogeneity of the effect of adenosine on mediator secretion. | 1989 | Life Sci. | pmid:2480501 |
| Reiss TF et al. | Local mediator release after antigen challenge of a bronchial segment in allergic dogs. | 1989 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:2481982 |
| Levi-Schaffer F and Shalit M | Differential release of histamine and prostaglandin D2 in rat peritoneal mast cells activated with peptides. | 1989 | Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. | pmid:2482257 |
| Morrow JD et al. | Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 in vivo in humans following the administration of nicotinic acid. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2475889 |
| Gray PR et al. | The role of cyclooxygenase products in the acute airway obstruction and airway hyperreactivity of ponies with heaves. | 1989 | Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. | pmid:2502051 |
| Froissart P et al. | Modulation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate of arachidonic acid release from rat basophilic leukemia cells stimulated with A23187. | 1989 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:2496761 |
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| Preclik G et al. | Alimentary tract and pancreas. Stimulation of mucosal prostaglandin synthesis in human stomach and duodenum by antacid treatment. | 1989 | Gut | pmid:2703138 |
| Napier FE and Temple DM | The influence of xanthines on the contractile responses of PGF2 alpha and PGD2 in human parenchymal strips. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2772222 |
| Dieter P et al. | 4-Bromophenacyl bromide inhibits prostaglandin D2 synthesis from arachidonic acid rather than phospholipase A2 activity in liver macrophages. | 1989 | Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler | pmid:2775481 |
| Keenan CM and Rangachari PK | Eicosanoid interactions in the canine proximal colon. | 1989 | Am. J. Physiol. | pmid:2539737 |
| Rodriguez y Baena R et al. | Effects of nicardipine on the ex vivo release of eicosanoids after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. | 1989 | J. Neurosurg. | pmid:2585083 |