Retinal

Retinal is a lipid of Prenol Lipids (PR) class. Retinal is associated with abnormalities such as Retinal Detachment, Uveitis, Endophthalmitis, Infection and LEBER CONGENITAL AMAUROSIS, TYPE II (disorder). The involved functions are known as Pigment, immunoreactivity, Infiltration, Energy Absorption and chromophore. Retinal often locates in Entire visual system, Autosome, Membrane, Basement membrane and Thoracic region (surface region of back). The associated genes with Retinal are isorhodopsin, RPE65 gene, RND1 gene, RPE gene and CASP8AP2 gene. The related lipids are Phosphatidylserines, Membrane Lipids, Fatty Acids, Liposomes and oxidized lipid. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Knock-out and Genetically Engineered Mouse.

Cross Reference

Introduction

To understand associated biological information of Retinal, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.

What diseases are associated with Retinal?

Retinal is suspected in Retinal Degeneration, Retinal Diseases, Retinal Dystrophies, Leber Congenital Amaurosis, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Stargardt's disease and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.

Related references are mostly published in these journals:

Disease Cross reference Weighted score Related literature
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No disease MeSH terms mapped to the current reference collection.

PubChem Associated disorders and diseases

What pathways are associated with Retinal

There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.

PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways

What cellular locations are associated with Retinal?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Location Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What functions are associated with Retinal?


Related references are published most in these journals:

Function Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What lipids are associated with Retinal?

Related references are published most in these journals:

Lipid concept Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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What genes are associated with Retinal?

Related references are published most in these journals:


Gene Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures

What common seen animal models are associated with Retinal?

Mouse Model

Mouse Model are used in the study 'Improvement in rod and cone function in mouse model of Fundus albipunctatus after pharmacologic treatment with 9-cis-retinal.' (Maeda A et al., 2006), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Quantitative mapping of ion channel regulation by visual cycle activity in rodent photoreceptors in vivo.' (Berkowitz BA et al., 2009), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Chemistry and biology of vision.' (Palczewski K, 2012) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Photoreceptor proteins initiate microglial activation via Toll-like receptor 4 in retinal degeneration mediated by all-trans-retinal.' (Kohno H et al., 2013).

Knock-out

Knock-out are used in the study 'Conditional Ablation of Retinol Dehydrogenase 10 in the Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Causes Delayed Dark Adaption in Mice.' (Sahu B et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Interpretations of fundus autofluorescence from studies of the bisretinoids of the retina.' (Sparrow JR et al., 2010), Knock-out are used in the study 'Bacterioopsin-mediated regulation of bacterioruberin biosynthesis in Halobacterium salinarum.' (Dummer AM et al., 2011) and Knock-out are used in the study 'RPE65 is essential for the function of cone photoreceptors in NRL-deficient mice.' (Wenzel A et al., 2007).

Genetically Engineered Mouse

Genetically Engineered Mouse are used in the study 'Limited roles of Rdh8, Rdh12, and Abca4 in all-trans-retinal clearance in mouse retina.' (Maeda A et al., 2009) and Genetically Engineered Mouse are used in the study 'Recovery of visual functions in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis.' (Van Hooser JP et al., 2002).

Related references are published most in these journals:

Model Cross reference Weighted score Related literatures
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NCBI Entrez Crosslinks

All references with Retinal

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MYERS RH Thrombosis of retinal vein treated with dicumarol. 1945 Am. J. Ophthalmol. pmid:21006578
VIDAL F and MALBRAN JL [Not available]. 1945 Arch Oftalmol B Aires pmid:21007799
BEDELL AJ Clinical differentiation of emboli in the retinal arteries from endarteritis. 1945 Arch Ophthal pmid:21009154
FERRIE J [Not Available]. 1945 Nov-Dec Ophthalmologica pmid:21024384
BRODSKY M [Not Available]. 1945 Oct-Dec Arch Oftalmol B Aires pmid:21024378
RYERSON FL Embolism of central retinal artery. 1946 Alexander Blain Hosp Bull pmid:21001528
DIEZ MA and NANO HM [Not available]. 1946 Rev Asoc Med Argent pmid:20985051
DE BUSSCHER J and KLUYSKENS J [Not available]. 1946 J Belge Neurol Psychiatr pmid:20986483
HOFFMAN PM Retinal venous thrombosis following reaction to vaccine. 1946 Arch Ophthal pmid:21014040
SAUBERMANN O [Not Available]. 1946 Ophthalmologica pmid:20275850
BALL S et al. Retinene1-vitamin A aldehyde. 1946 Biochem. J. pmid:20341217
HARTRIDGE H Response curve of the yellow receptors of the human fovea. 1946 Nature pmid:20341268
Philps AS Retinal Periphlebitis. 1946 Proc. R. Soc. Med. pmid:19993419
Moffatt PM Miliary Aneurysms in Macular Region of Left Eye. 1946 Proc. R. Soc. Med. pmid:19993425
DE ABREU FIALHO S [Not Available]. 1946 Apr 20-27 Bras Med pmid:20993808
CARDELLO G [Not Available]. 1946 Jan-Feb Rass Ital Ottalmol pmid:20993446
LOPEZ PATINO G [Not Available]. 1946 Mar-Apr Bol Med Soc pmid:20984370
LIJO PAVIA J [Not Available]. 1946 May-Jun Rev Oto Neuro Oftalmol Cir Neurol Sud Am pmid:20999304
TAYLOR RD et al. A simple method for estimating the degree of retinal arteriosclerosis in persons with hypertensive vascular disease. 1946 Nov 1-2 Proc Annu Meet Cent Soc Clin Res U S pmid:20248554