Linoleic acid
Linoleic acid is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Linoleic acid is associated with abnormalities such as Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent, Metabolic syndrome, Obesity, Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease and Pneumonia. The involved functions are known as Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, Synthesis, Pathological accumulation of air in tissues and cytokine biosynthesis. The associated genes with Linoleic acid are TNF gene, CCL2 gene and TLR4 gene. The related lipids are palmitoleic acid, nervonic acid and Sphingolipids.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of Linoleic acid, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with Linoleic acid?
Linoleic acid is suspected in Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent, Metabolic syndrome, Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease, Pneumonia and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with Linoleic acid
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with Linoleic acid
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with Linoleic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
What functions are associated with Linoleic acid?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
What lipids are associated with Linoleic acid?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
What genes are associated with Linoleic acid?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
What common seen animal models are associated with Linoleic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with Linoleic acid
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHRISTAKIS GJ et al. | EFFECT OF A SERUM CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DIET ON COMPOSITION OF DEPOT FAT IN MAN. | 1965 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14253897 |
| ZUKEL MC | FAT-CONTROLLED DIETS. | 1965 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14253901 |
| Brynes AE et al. | Diet-induced change in fatty acid composition of plasma triacylglycerols is not associated with change in glucagon-like peptide 1 or insulin sensitivity in people with type 2 diabetes. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11063437 |
| Higdon JV et al. | Supplementation of postmenopausal women with fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid is not associated with greater in vivo lipid peroxidation compared with oils rich in oleate and linoleate as assessed by plasma malondialdehyde and F(2)-isoprostanes. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10966889 |
| Tokede OA et al. | Plasma phospholipid trans fatty acids and risk of heart failure. | 2013 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:23446892 |
| CAMPBELL AM et al. | SERUM LIPIDS OF MEN FED DIETS DIFFERING IN PROTEIN QUALITY AND LINOLEIC ACID CONTENT. | 1965 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14332349 |
| Bjerve KS et al. | Alpha-linolenic acid deficiency in man: effect of ethyl linolenate on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid composition and biosynthesis of prostanoids. | 1987 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:3310599 |
| Hennig B et al. | Linoleic acid activates nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and induces NF-kappa B-dependent transcription in cultured endothelial cells. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8602587 |
| Kark JD et al. | Adipose tissue n-6 fatty acids and acute myocardial infarction in a population consuming a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12663274 |
| Djoussé L et al. | Dietary linolenic acid and carotid atherosclerosis: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12663278 |
| Routi T et al. | Effects of prospective, randomized cholesterol-lowering dietary intervention and apolipoprotein E phenotype on serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations of infants aged 7-24 mo. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8602597 |
| Glatz JF et al. | Fatty acid composition of serum cholesteryl esters and erythrocyte membranes as indicators of linoleic acid intake in man. | 1989 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:2916448 |
| Louheranta AM et al. | Linoleic acid intake and susceptibility of very-low-density and low density lipoproteins to oxidation in men. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8615351 |
| KRAUSE RF | LIVER LIPIDS IN A CASE OF HYPERVITAMINOSIS A. | 1965 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14301352 |
| van Egmond AW et al. | Effect of linoleic acid intake on growth of infants with cystic fibrosis. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8615359 |
| Anderson RL | Quantitation of the effects of trans isomers of linoleic acid on the metabolism of linoleic acid. | 1982 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7081132 |
| Turpeinen AM et al. | Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans. | 2002 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12197992 |
| Martinelli N et al. | FADS genotypes and desaturase activity estimated by the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid are associated with inflammation and coronary artery disease. | 2008 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:18842780 |
| Hennig B and Watkins BA | Linoleic acid and linolenic acid: effect on permeability properties of cultured endothelial cell monolayers. | 1989 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:2563626 |
| DeLany JP et al. | Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11010930 |
| Mantzioris E et al. | Differences exist in the relationships between dietary linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids and their respective long-chain metabolites. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7840069 |
| Siguel E | Does linoleic acid contribute to coronary artery disease? | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7840081 |
| Innis SM and Elias SL | Intakes of essential n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids among pregnant Canadian women. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12540410 |
| Vos E and Cunnane SC | Alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, coronary artery disease, and overall mortality. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12540417 |
| Granot E et al. | Breast-fed and formula-fed infants do not differ in immunocompetent cell cytokine production despite differences in cell membrane fatty acid composition. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11063450 |
| Villalpando S et al. | [13C]linoleic acid oxidation and transfer into milk in stunted lactating women with contrasting body mass indexes. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11729835 |
| Anderson GJ and Connor WE | On the demonstration of omega-3 essential-fatty-acid deficiency in humans. | 1989 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:2494878 |
| Hayes KC | The linoleic acid content of test diets must be carefully monitored in cholesterol studies. | 1997 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9094899 |
| Jeppesen PB et al. | Differences in essential fatty acid requirements by enteral and parenteral routes of administration in patients with fat malabsorption. | 1999 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10393142 |
| Jannace PW et al. | Effects of oral soy phosphatidylcholine on phagocytosis, arachidonate concentrations, and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | 1992 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1323926 |
| Decsi T et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition with and without human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7491893 |
| Bradbury KE et al. | The serum fatty acids myristic acid and linoleic acid are better predictors of serum cholesterol concentrations when measured as molecular percentages rather than as absolute concentrations. | 2010 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:19955401 |
| Hrboticky N et al. | Retina fatty acid composition of piglets fed from birth with a linoleic acid-rich vegetable-oil formula for infants. | 1991 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1989416 |
| Martin JC et al. | Essential fatty acid composition of human colostrum triglycerides: its relationship with adipose tissue composition. | 1991 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1951153 |
| Del Prado M et al. | Contribution of dietary and newly formed arachidonic acid to human milk lipids in women eating a low-fat diet. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11470727 |
| CENTURY B et al. | INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF DIETARY LIPIDS UPON FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF BRAIN MITOCHONDRIA, ERYTHROCYTES AND HEART TISSUE IN CHICKS. | 1963 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14101397 |
| Carnielli VP et al. | Medium-chain triacylglycerols in formulas for preterm infants: effect on plasma lipids, circulating concentrations of medium-chain fatty acids, and essential fatty acids. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8694014 |
| Erickson KL | Is there a relation between dietary linoleic acid and cancer of the breast, colon, or prostate? | 1998 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9665090 |
| Vedtofte MS et al. | Dietary α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and n-3 long-chain PUFA and risk of ischemic heart disease. | 2011 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:21865326 |
| Zock PL and Katan MB | Linoleic acid intake and cancer risk: a review and meta-analysis. | 1998 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9665108 |
| Kestin M et al. | n-3 fatty acids of marine origin lower systolic blood pressure and triglycerides but raise LDL cholesterol compared with n-3 and n-6 fatty acids from plants. | 1990 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1971991 |
| Rioux FM and Innis SM | Arachidonic acid concentrations in plasma and liver phospholipid and cholesterol esters of piglets raised on formulas with different linoleic and linolenic acid contents. | 1992 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1609747 |
| HOLMAN RT et al. | ESTIMATION OF LINOLEATE INTAKE OF MEN FROM SERUM LIPID ANALYSIS. | 1964 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14142377 |
| Rudel LL et al. | Dietary polyunsaturated fat modifies low-density lipoproteins and reduces atherosclerosis of nonhuman primates with high and low diet responsiveness. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7625361 |
| Cleland LG et al. | Linoleate inhibits EPA incorporation from dietary fish-oil supplements in human subjects. | 1992 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1310374 |
| Cunnane SC et al. | Essential fatty acid and lipid profiles in plasma and erythrocytes in patients with multiple sclerosis. | 1989 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:2801584 |
| Herbel BK et al. | Safflower oil consumption does not increase plasma conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in humans. | 1998 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9459383 |
| Reeves VB et al. | Variations in plasma fatty acid concentrations during a one-year self-selected dietary intake study. | 1984 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:6507356 |
| Green P et al. | Effects of fish-oil ingestion on cardiovascular risk factors in hyperlipidemic subjects in Israel: a randomized, double-blind crossover study. | 1990 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:2239789 |
| Meerarani P et al. | Zinc protects against apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by linoleic acid and tumor necrosis factor alpha. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617950 |
| Sanders TA | Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in Europe. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617968 |
| Uauy R and Hoffman DR | Essential fat requirements of preterm infants. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617979 |
| Gibson RA and Makrides M | n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid requirements of term infants. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617980 |
| Baylin A et al. | Adipose tissue biomarkers of fatty acid intake. | 2002 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12324287 |
| Crawford M | Placental delivery of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids: implications for the lipid nutrition of preterm infants. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617983 |
| Voorrips LE et al. | Intake of conjugated linoleic acid, fat, and other fatty acids in relation to postmenopausal breast cancer: the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. | 2002 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12324303 |
| Dutta-Roy AK | Transport mechanisms for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the human placenta. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617989 |
| Blair IA et al. | Dietary modification of omega 6 fatty acid intake and its effect on urinary eicosanoid excretion. | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8424383 |
| Ziboh VA et al. | Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids by skin epidermal enzymes: generation of antiinflammatory and antiproliferative metabolites. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617998 |
| Horrobin DF | Essential fatty acid metabolism and its modification in atopic eczema. | 2000 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10617999 |
| Kalivianakis M et al. | Fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy is due to impaired intestinal uptake of long-chain fatty acids. | 1999 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9925134 |
| SINGLETON WS | CHARACTERIZED OILS FOR USE IN INTRAVENOUS FAT EMULSIONS. | 1965 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14262113 |
| Jiang J et al. | Relation between the intake of milk fat and the occurrence of conjugated linoleic acid in human adipose tissue. | 1999 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10393134 |
| Hodgson JM et al. | Can linoleic acid contribute to coronary artery disease? | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8192728 |
| Truswell AS | Can linoleic acid contribute to coronary artery disease? | 1994 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8198070 |
| James MJ et al. | Simple relationships exist between dietary linoleate and the n-6 fatty acids of human neutrophils and plasma. | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8379505 |
| Innis SM and Hansen JW | Plasma fatty acid responses, metabolic effects, and safety of microalgal and fungal oils rich in arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in healthy adults. | 1996 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8694015 |
| Reaven P et al. | Feasibility of using an oleate-rich diet to reduce the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein to oxidative modification in humans. | 1991 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1897476 |
| Cosgrove MC et al. | Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women. | 2007 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:17921406 |
| Iacono JM and Dougherty RM | Lack of effect of linoleic acid on the high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol fraction of plasma lipoproteins. | 1991 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1900384 |
| Jones PJ et al. | Whole body oxidation of dietary fatty acids: implications for energy utilization. | 1985 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:3933323 |
| Murphy J et al. | Fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis patients. | 1999 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:10539762 |
| Thijssen MA and Mensink RP | Small differences in the effects of stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid on the serum lipoprotein profile of humans. | 2005 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:16155261 |
| Baylin A et al. | alpha-Linolenic acid, Delta6-desaturase gene polymorphism, and the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction. | 2007 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:17284757 |
| Asciutti-Moura LS et al. | Fatty acid composition of serum lipids and its relation to diet in an elderly institutionalized population. | 1988 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:3421207 |
| Terpstra AH | Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition and plasma lipids in humans: an overview of the literature. | 2004 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14985207 |
| Feunekes GI et al. | Relative and biomarker-based validity of a food-frequency questionnaire estimating intake of fats and cholesterol. | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8379504 |
| Cunnane SC | Diodoquin and linoleic acid absorption in zinc deficiency. | 1981 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:6792900 |
| Ip C | Review of the effects of trans fatty acids, oleic acid, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis in animals. | 1997 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9394710 |
| Willett WC | Specific fatty acids and risks of breast and prostate cancer: dietary intake. | 1997 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9394715 |
| Djoussé L et al. | Relation between dietary linolenic acid and coronary artery disease in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11684529 |
| Chevrot M et al. | Obesity interferes with the orosensory detection of long-chain fatty acids in humans. | 2014 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:24522446 |
| Goyens PL et al. | Conversion of alpha-linolenic acid in humans is influenced by the absolute amounts of alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid in the diet and not by their ratio. | 2006 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:16825680 |
| Abbey M et al. | Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins: intraindividual variability and the effect of dietary linoleate supplementation. | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8438773 |
| Venäläinen TM et al. | Effect of a 2-y dietary and physical activity intervention on plasma fatty acid composition and estimated desaturase and elongase activities in children: the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children Study. | 2016 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:27581473 |
| McMurchie EJ et al. | Dietary-induced changes in the fatty acid composition of human cheek cell phospholipids: correlation with changes in the dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio. | 1984 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:6720626 |
| Almario RU et al. | Effects of walnut consumption on plasma fatty acids and lipoproteins in combined hyperlipidemia. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11451720 |
| Makrides M et al. | Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants. | 1994 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7913291 |
| Oosthuizen W et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake is adversely related to liver function in HIV-infected subjects: the THUSA study. | 2006 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:16685065 |
| Shultz TD and Leklem JE | Selenium status of vegeterians, nonvegetarians, and hormone-dependent cancer subjects. | 1983 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:6849273 |
| Cunnane SC et al. | Beta-oxidation of linoleate in obese men undergoing weight loss. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11273844 |
| Elias SL and Innis SM | Infant plasma trans, n-6, and n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids are related to maternal plasma fatty acids, length of gestation, and birth weight and length. | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11273857 |
| Freeman VL et al. | Assessing the effect of fatty acids on prostate carcinogenesis in humans: does self-reported dietary intake rank prostatic exposure correctly? | 2001 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:11273858 |
| Merchant AT et al. | Intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and fish and risk of community-acquired pneumonia in US men. | 2005 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:16155282 |
| Horrobin DF | Fatty acid metabolism in health and disease: the role of delta-6-desaturase. | 1993 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:8386433 |
| OLSON FE et al. | The use of diets containing large amounts of linoleic acid. | 1958 Nov-Dec | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:13594895 |
| Chan JK et al. | Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is as effective as oleic acid and linoleic acid in lowering blood cholesterol in normolipidemic men. | 1991 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1673589 |
| Nestel PJ et al. | Effect of a stearic acid-rich, structured triacylglycerol on plasma lipid concentrations. | 1998 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:9846846 |
| Hodge AM et al. | Plasma phospholipid and dietary fatty acids as predictors of type 2 diabetes: interpreting the role of linoleic acid. | 2007 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:17616780 |
| Arca M et al. | Erythrocyte fatty acid composition and gallstone disease: results of an epidemiological survey. | 1987 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:3604961 |