Gamma-linolenic acid is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. The involved functions are known as Drug Interactions. Gamma-linolenic acid often locates in Articular system.
To understand associated biological information of gamma-Linolenic acid, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with gamma-Linolenic acid
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Usami M et al. | Effect of gamma-linolenic acid or docosahexaenoic acid on tight junction permeability in intestinal monolayer cells and their mechanism by protein kinase C activation and/or eicosanoid formation. | 2003 | Nutrition | pmid:12591548 |
Barabino S et al. | Systemic linoleic and gamma-linolenic acid therapy in dry eye syndrome with an inflammatory component. | 2003 | Cornea | pmid:12605039 |
Hirano A et al. | Arachidonic acid-induced channel- and carrier-type ion transport across planar bilayer lipid membranes. | 2003 | Anal Sci | pmid:12608744 |
Shimizu S and Nakano M | Structural characterization of triacylglycerol in several oils containing gamma-linolenic acid. | 2003 | Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. | pmid:12619674 |
van Gool CJ et al. | Gamma-linolenic acid supplementation for prophylaxis of atopic dermatitis--a randomized controlled trial in infants at high familial risk. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:12663296 |
Whelan J et al. | Dietary EPA reduces tumor load in ApcMin/+ mice by altering arachidonic acid metabolism, but conjugated linoleic acid, gamma--and alpha-linolenic acids have no effect. | 2002 | Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. | pmid:12664643 |
Nelson JL et al. | Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants on antioxidant status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. | 2003 Mar-Apr | JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr | pmid:12665164 |
Vecera R et al. | Antioxidant status, lipoprotein profile and liver lipids in rats fed on high-cholesterol diet containing currant oil rich in n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2003 | Physiol Res | pmid:12678660 |
Seibel MM | Treating hot flushes without hormone replacement therapy. | 2003 | J Fam Pract | pmid:12681090 |
Jelińska M et al. | Effects of dietary linseed, evening primrose or fish oils on fatty acid and prostaglandin E2 contents in the rat livers and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced tumours. | 2003 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:12697300 |
Soeken KL et al. | Herbal medicines for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. | 2003 | Rheumatology (Oxford) | pmid:12709541 |
Spector SL and Surette ME | Diet and asthma: has the role of dietary lipids been overlooked in the management of asthma? | 2003 | Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. | pmid:12722956 |
Wainwright PE et al. | Effects of high-gamma-linolenic acid canola oil compared with borage oil on reproduction, growth, and brain and behavioral development in mice. | 2003 | Lipids | pmid:12733750 |
Macrì A et al. | Effect of linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid on tear production, tear clearance and on the ocular surface after photorefractive keratectomy. | 2003 | Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. | pmid:12768289 |
Song C et al. | Effects of dietary n-3 or n-6 fatty acids on interleukin-1beta-induced anxiety, stress, and inflammatory responses in rats. | 2003 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:12837849 |
Surette ME et al. | Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and tolerability of a novel dietary fatty acid formulation in healthy adult subjects. | 2003 | Clin Ther | pmid:12852710 |
Surette ME et al. | Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis by a novel dietary fatty acid formulation in patients with atopic asthma: a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, prospective trial. | 2003 | Clin Ther | pmid:12852711 |
McFayden IJ et al. | Cyclical breast pain--some observations and the difficulties in treatment. | 1992 | Br J Clin Pract | pmid:1286012 |
Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ et al. | Lipid peroxidation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the pathogenesis of nosocomial sepsis. | 2003 Jan-Mar | J Postgrad Med | pmid:12865564 |
Dobbin SN | Evening primrose oil and epilepsy. | 1992 Dec 19-26 | Vet. Rec. | pmid:1287960 |
Delmonte P et al. | Synthesis and isolation of trans-7,cis-9 octadecadienoic acid and other CLA isomers by base conjugation of partially hydrogenated gamma-linolenic acid. | 2003 | Lipids | pmid:12880116 |
Hayashi Y et al. | Anticancer effects of free polyunsaturated fatty acids in an oily lymphographic agent following intrahepatic arterial administration to a rabbit bearing VX-2 tumor. | 1992 | Cancer Res. | pmid:1309442 |
Ziboh VA and Fletcher MP | Dose-response effects of dietary gamma-linolenic acid-enriched oils on human polymorphonuclear-neutrophil biosynthesis of leukotriene B4. | 1992 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:1309474 |
Mimouni V et al. | Evidence for insulin dependent hepatic microsomal gamma-linolenic acid chain elongation in spontaneously diabetic Wistar BB rats. | 1992 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:1310052 |
St Louis C et al. | Antihypertensive effect of gamma-linolenic acid in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 1992 | Hypertension | pmid:1310479 |
Lockett MJ and Tomlinson DR | The effects of dietary treatment with essential fatty acids on sciatic nerve conduction and activity of the Na+/K+ pump in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. | 1992 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:1313726 |
Van Biervliet JP et al. | Serum cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, and high-density lipoprotein development in newborn infants: response to formulas supplemented with cholesterol and gamma-linolenic acid. | 1992 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:1313864 |
de Kock M et al. | Effects of gamma-linolenic acid on mitosis and nuclear morphology in osteogenic sarcoma cells. | 1992 | S. Afr. Med. J. | pmid:1315459 |
Bégin ME and Ells G | Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the cytocidal potential of gammalinolenic and docosahexaenoic acids on ZR-75-1 and CV-1 cells. | 1992 | Lipids | pmid:1315901 |
Takeda S et al. | Lipid peroxidation in human breast cancer cells in response to gamma-linolenic acid and iron. | 1992 Mar-Apr | Anticancer Res. | pmid:1316091 |
Duffy O et al. | Effects of an oil enriched in gamma linolenic acid on locomotor activity and behaviour in the Morris Maze, following in utero ethanol exposure in rats. | 1992 | Drug Alcohol Depend | pmid:1317288 |
Kerscher MJ and Korting HC | Treatment of atopic eczema with evening primrose oil: rationale and clinical results. | 1992 | Clin Investig | pmid:1318129 |
Gibson RA et al. | Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) content of encapsulated evening primrose oil products. | 1992 | Lipids | pmid:1318991 |
Vaddadi KS | Use of gamma-linolenic acid in the treatment of schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1321448 |
Horrobin DF | The relationship between schizophrenia and essential fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1321449 |
Horrobin DF | The use of gamma-linolenic acid in diabetic neuropathy. | 1992 | Agents Actions Suppl. | pmid:1321553 |
Ross MA et al. | Heparin reduces Fe(II)-catalyzed peroxidation of linolenic acid. | 1992 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:1321761 |
Fan YY and Chapkin RS | Mouse peritoneal macrophage prostaglandin E1 synthesis is altered by dietary gamma-linolenic acid. | 1992 | J. Nutr. | pmid:1322453 |
Navarette R et al. | Dietary intake of concentrated gamma-linolenic acid (GLA)-enriched oil suppresses cutaneous level of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA): possible in vivo inhibition of microsomal elongation of GLA to DGLA. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1323857 |
Söreide E et al. | Long-term use of gamma-linolenic acid-enriched fat emulsion (PFE 4501): case report. | 1992 May-Jun | Nutrition | pmid:1326350 |
Ormerod LD et al. | Eicosanoid modulation and epithelial wound healing kinetics of the alkali-burned cornea. | 1992 | J Ocul Pharmacol | pmid:1328428 |
Barre DE and Holub BJ | The effect of borage oil consumption on the composition of individual phospholipids in human platelets. | 1992 | Lipids | pmid:1328794 |
Fragoso YD and Skinner ER | The effect of gammalinolenic acid on the subfractions of plasma high density lipoprotein of the rabbit. | 1992 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:1329758 |
Duffy O et al. | Attenuation of the effects of chronic ethanol administration in the brain lipid content of the developing rat by an oil enriched in gamma linolenic acid. | 1992 | Drug Alcohol Depend | pmid:1330473 |
Hamberg M | Metabolism of 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid in the red alga Lithothamnion corallioides: mechanism of formation of a conjugated tetraene fatty acid. | 1992 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:1332713 |
Gunstone FD | Gamma linolenic acid--occurrence and physical and chemical properties. | 1992 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:1334265 |
Horrobin DF | Nutritional and medical importance of gamma-linolenic acid. | 1992 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:1334266 |
Engler MM et al. | Dietary gamma-linolenic acid lowers blood pressure and alters aortic reactivity and cholesterol metabolism in hypertension. | 1992 | J. Hypertens. | pmid:1335001 |
Ergan F et al. | Lipase specificity against some fatty acids? | 1992 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:1335712 |
Raederstorff D and Moser U | Borage or primrose oil added to standardized diets are equivalent sources for gamma-linolenic acid in rats. | 1992 | Lipids | pmid:1336802 |
Mengeaud V et al. | Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and prostaglandin E1 on three human colon carcinoma cell lines. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1337209 |
Girault C et al. | Effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on specific activities of delta 6 desaturation in obese Zucker rats. | 1992 | C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Fil. | pmid:1337306 |
Cantrill RC et al. | The effect of n-6 fatty acids on normal and v-Ki ras transformed NIH-3T3 cells. | 1992 Nov-Dec | Anticancer Res. | pmid:1338278 |
Furuse M et al. | Effect of gamma-linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in laying hens. | 1992 | Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol | pmid:1347726 |
MEAD JF and HOWTON DR | Metabolism of essential fatty acids. VII. Conversion of gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid. | 1957 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:13502321 |
Cyclical breast pain--what works and what doesn't. | 1992 | Drug Ther Bull | pmid:1425218 | |
SHAW R | THE OCCURRENCE OF GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID IN FUNGI. | 1965 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:14320219 |
Huang YS et al. | Effects of repeated gestation and lactation on milk n-6 fatty acid composition in rats fed on a diet rich in 18:2n-6 or 18:3n-6. | 1992 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:1445816 |
Whitehouse PA et al. | Synergistic activity of gamma-linolenic acid and cytotoxic drugs against pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. | 2003 | Pancreatology | pmid:14526145 |
Radomska A | Antioxidant properties of captopril in vitro. | 2003 May-Jun | Acta Pol Pharm | pmid:14556487 |
Koletzko B et al. | Fatty acid profiles, antioxidant status, and growth of preterm infants fed diets without or with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. A randomized clinical trial. | 2003 | Eur J Nutr | pmid:14569405 |
Arimura T et al. | Caspase-independent apoptosis induced by evening primrose extract in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. | 2003 | Cancer Lett. | pmid:14580681 |
Vogelzang JL | Fat facts and fallacies. | 2003 | Home Healthc Nurse | pmid:14614382 |
Das UN | Occlusion of infusion vessels on gamma-linolenic acid infusion. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:14643176 |
Djoussé L et al. | Dietary linolenic acid is inversely associated with plasma triacylglycerol: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. | 2003 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:14668270 |
Williams HC | Evening primrose oil for atopic dermatitis. | 2003 | BMJ | pmid:14670851 |
Takwale A et al. | Efficacy and tolerability of borage oil in adults and children with atopic eczema: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial. | 2003 | BMJ | pmid:14670885 |
de La Puerta Vázquez R et al. | Effects of different dietary oils on inflammatory mediator generation and fatty acid composition in rat neutrophils. | 2004 | Metab. Clin. Exp. | pmid:14681843 |
Zhang Q et al. | Identification and characterization of a novel Delta6-fatty acid desaturase gene from Rhizopus arrhizus. | 2004 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:14706830 |
Puri BK | The clinical advantages of cold-pressed non-raffinated evening primrose oil over refined preparations. | 2004 | Med. Hypotheses | pmid:14729014 |
Arundel BL | Evening primrose oil and epilepsy. | 1992 | Vet. Rec. | pmid:1475904 |
Bond R and Lloyd DH | A double-blind comparison of olive oil and a combination of evening primrose oil and fish oil in the management of canine atopy. | 1992 | Vet. Rec. | pmid:1481346 |
Muriana FJ et al. | Fatty acid composition and properties of the liver microsomal membrane of rats fed diets enriched with cholesterol. | 1992 | J. Biochem. | pmid:1491012 |
Del Castillo ML et al. | Fatty acid content and juice characteristics in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) genotypes. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:14969555 |
Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). Monograph. | 2004 | Altern Med Rev | pmid:15005646 | |
Howie A et al. | The influence of dietary essential fatty acids on uterine C20 and C22 fatty acid composition. | 1992 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:1502249 |
Menendez JA et al. | Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) is a selective estrogen-response modulator in human breast cancer cells: gamma-linolenic acid antagonizes estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptional activity, transcriptionally represses estrogen receptor expression and synergistically enhances tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 (Faslodex) efficacy in human breast cancer cells. | 2004 | Int. J. Cancer | pmid:15027132 |
Kavanagh T et al. | Eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid increase hippocampal concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 and abrogate lipopolysaccharide-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15041032 |
Nakanishi T et al. | Gamma-linolenic acid prevents conjugated linoleic acid-induced fatty liver in mice. | 2004 | Nutrition | pmid:15043857 |
Plowman PN | Re: Packer RJ. Effects of radiotherapy on the brain. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003;41:448-449. | 2004 | Pediatr Blood Cancer | pmid:15049029 |
Leaver HA et al. | Intracellular oxidation by human glioma cell populations: effect of arachidonic acid. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15062847 |
Fewtrell MS et al. | Randomized, double-blind trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with fish oil and borage oil in preterm infants. | 2004 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:15069395 |
Agombar A et al. | An aqueous formulation of gamma-linolenic acid with anti-proliferative action on human pancreatic cancer cell lines. | 2004 | Anticancer Drugs | pmid:15075672 |
Dokholyan RS et al. | A trial of omega-3 fatty acids for prevention of hypertension. | 2004 | Am. J. Cardiol. | pmid:15081453 |
van Gool CJ et al. | Oral essential fatty acid supplementation in atopic dermatitis-a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. | 2004 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:15099370 |
Shotton HR et al. | Prevention and partial reversal of diabetes-induced changes in enteric nerves of the rat ileum by combined treatment with alpha-lipoic acid and evening primrose oil. | 2004 | Auton Neurosci | pmid:15109939 |
Miles EA et al. | The influence of different combinations of gamma-linolenic, stearidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids on the fatty acid composition of blood lipids and mononuclear cells in human volunteers. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15120716 |
Das UN | From bench to the clinic: gamma-linolenic acid therapy of human gliomas. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15120717 |
Gallagher S | Omega 3 oils and pregnancy. | 2004 | Midwifery Today Int Midwife | pmid:15124319 |
Karia C et al. | Simultaneous permeation of tamoxifen and gamma linolenic acid across excised human skin. Further evidence of the permeation of solvated complexes. | 2004 | Int J Pharm | pmid:15129999 |
Menendez JA et al. | Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid (18:3n-6) enhances docetaxel (Taxotere) cytotoxicity in human breast carcinoma cells: Relationship to lipid peroxidation and HER-2/neu expression. | 2004 | Oncol. Rep. | pmid:15138562 |
Menendez JA et al. | Overexpression and hyperactivity of breast cancer-associated fatty acid synthase (oncogenic antigen-519) is insensitive to normal arachidonic fatty acid-induced suppression in lipogenic tissues but it is selectively inhibited by tumoricidal alpha-linolenic and gamma-linolenic fatty acids: a novel mechanism by which dietary fat can alter mammary tumorigenesis. | 2004 | Int. J. Oncol. | pmid:15138577 |
Ziboh VA et al. | Suppression of leukotriene B4 generation by ex-vivo neutrophils isolated from asthma patients on dietary supplementation with gammalinolenic acid-containing borage oil: possible implication in asthma. | 2004 | Clin. Dev. Immunol. | pmid:15154607 |
Knorr R and Hamburger M | Quantitative analysis of anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging triterpenoid esters in evening primrose oil. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:15161190 |
Remans PH et al. | Nutrient supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids and micronutrients in rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and biochemical effects. | 2004 | Eur J Clin Nutr | pmid:15164103 |
Torres CF et al. | Lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis of borage oil: a kinetic study. | 2004 May-Jun | Biotechnol. Prog. | pmid:15176879 |
Miles EA et al. | The influence of different combinations of gamma-linolenic acid, stearidonic acid and EPA on immune function in healthy young male subjects. | 2004 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:15182393 |
Liu JW et al. | Effect of long-term dietary supplementation of high-gamma-linolenic canola oil versus borage oil on growth, hematology, serum biochemistry, and N-6 fatty acid metabolism in rats. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:15186123 |
Pham H et al. | Suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression by 15S-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid in androgen-dependent prostatic adenocarcinoma cells. | 2004 | Int. J. Cancer | pmid:15197770 |
Johnston GA et al. | The use of dietary manipulation by parents of children with atopic dermatitis. | 2004 | Br. J. Dermatol. | pmid:15214908 |