| MeSH term | MeSH ID | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Stomach Ulcer | D013276 | 75 associated lipids |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic | D007676 | 51 associated lipids |
| Diabetes Mellitus | D003920 | 90 associated lipids |
| Neovascularization, Pathologic | D009389 | 39 associated lipids |
| Adenocarcinoma | D000230 | 166 associated lipids |
| Pain | D010146 | 64 associated lipids |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic | D008180 | 43 associated lipids |
| Lung Neoplasms | D008175 | 171 associated lipids |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms | D010190 | 77 associated lipids |
| Inflammation | D007249 | 119 associated lipids |
gamma-Linolenic acid
Gamma-linolenic acid is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. The involved functions are known as Drug Interactions. Gamma-linolenic acid often locates in Articular system.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of gamma-Linolenic acid, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with gamma-Linolenic acid
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
What functions are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
What lipids are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
What genes are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
What common seen animal models are associated with gamma-Linolenic acid?
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with gamma-Linolenic acid
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Del Castillo ML et al. | Fatty acid content and juice characteristics in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) genotypes. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:14969555 |
| Knorr R and Hamburger M | Quantitative analysis of anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging triterpenoid esters in evening primrose oil. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:15161190 |
| Liu JW et al. | Effect of long-term dietary supplementation of high-gamma-linolenic canola oil versus borage oil on growth, hematology, serum biochemistry, and N-6 fatty acid metabolism in rats. | 2004 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:15186123 |
| Qin F et al. | Composition of transgenic soybean seeds with higher γ-linolenic acid content is equivalent to that of conventional control. | 2012 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:22324875 |
| Senanayake SP and Shahidi F | Enzyme-assisted acidolysis of borage (Borago officinalis L.) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) oils: incorporation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 1999 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:10552616 |
| Goffman FD and Galletti S | Gamma-linolenic acid and tocopherol contents in the seed oil of 47 accessions from several Ribes species. | 2001 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:11170598 |
| Birch AE et al. | Antioxidant properties of evening primrose seed extracts. | 2001 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:11559161 |
| Senanayake SP and Shahidi F | Structured lipids via lipase-catalyzed incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid into borage (Borago officinalis L.) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) oils. | 2002 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:11804516 |
| Hamburger M et al. | Constituents in evening primrose oil with radical scavenging, cyclooxygenase, and neutrophil elastase inhibitory activities. | 2002 | J. Agric. Food Chem. | pmid:12236675 |
| Skogh M | Atopic eczema unresponsive to evening primrose oil (linoleic and gamma-linolenic acids) | 1986 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:3013957 |
| Melnik B and Plewig G | Atopic dermatitis and disturbances of essential fatty acid and prostaglandin E metabolism. | 1991 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:1666398 |
| Melnik BC and Plewig G | Is the origin of atopy linked to deficient conversion of omega-6-fatty acids to prostaglandin E1? | 1989 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:2550526 |
| Hanifin JM | Diet, nutrition, and allergy in atopic dermatitis. | 1983 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:6863636 |
| Guenther L and Wexler D | Efamol in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. | 1987 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:3680673 |
| Bamford JT et al. | Atopic eczema unresponsive to evening primrose oil (linoleic and gamma-linolenic acids). | 1985 | J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. | pmid:3908514 |
| Ingram AJ et al. | Dietary alteration of dihomogamma-linolenic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in a rat 5/6-renal-ablation model. The Nutrition & Kidney Disease Research Group. | 1996 | J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. | pmid:8829117 |
| Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ et al. | In-vitro inhibitory activity of gamma-linolenic acid on Escherichia coli strains and its influence on their susceptibilities to various antimicrobial agents. | 1995 | J. Antimicrob. Chemother. | pmid:8522462 |
| Papanikolaou S et al. | Repression of reserve lipid turnover in Cunninghamella echinulata and Mortierella isabellina cultivated in multiple-limited media. | 2004 | J. Appl. Microbiol. | pmid:15357737 |
| Zikou E et al. | Evaluating glucose and xylose as cosubstrates for lipid accumulation and γ-linolenic acid biosynthesis of Thamnidium elegans. | 2013 | J. Appl. Microbiol. | pmid:23279437 |
| Laho T et al. | Effects of prefermented cereal-derived substrates (ground barley and rye bran) enriched with fungal γ-linolenic acid on rumen fermentation parameters and lipid metabolism in vitro. | 2011 | J. Appl. Microbiol. | pmid:21672096 |
| Wencelová M et al. | Substrates enriched by the fungus Cunninghamella echinulata: an in vitro study of nutrient composition, sheep rumen fermentation and lipid metabolism. | 2014 | J. Appl. Microbiol. | pmid:24995934 |
| Kishino S et al. | Microbial production of conjugated gamma-linolenic acid from gamma-linolenic acid by Lactobacillus plantarum AKU 1009a. | 2010 | J. Appl. Microbiol. | pmid:19919619 |
| Zhu Y and Zhang BB | Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a Δ6-fatty acid desaturase gene from Rhizopus oryzae. | 2013 | J. Basic Microbiol. | pmid:22961300 |
| Muriana FJ et al. | Fatty acid composition and properties of the liver microsomal membrane of rats fed diets enriched with cholesterol. | 1992 | J. Biochem. | pmid:1491012 |
| Gimeno RE et al. | Characterization of a heart-specific fatty acid transport protein. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12556534 |
| Burke A et al. | Specific analysis in plasma and urine of 2,3-dinor-5, 6-dihydro-isoprostane F(2alpha)-III, a metabolite of isoprostane F(2alpha)-III and an oxidation product of gamma-linolenic acid. | 2000 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:10644705 |
| Weaver KL et al. | Effect of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory gene expression in healthy humans. | 2009 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:19359242 |
| Kawashima Y et al. | Peroxisome proliferators enhance linoleic acid metabolism in rat liver. Increased biosynthesis of omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 1990 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:2160962 |
| MEAD JF and HOWTON DR | Metabolism of essential fatty acids. VII. Conversion of gamma-linolenic acid to arachidonic acid. | 1957 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:13502321 |
| ÄŒertÃk M et al. | Simultaneous enrichment of cereals with polyunsaturated fatty acids and pigments by fungal solid state fermentations. | 2013 | J. Biotechnol. | pmid:23583333 |
| Bellou S et al. | The olive mill wastewater as substrate for single cell oil production by Zygomycetes. | 2014 | J. Biotechnol. | pmid:24316440 |
| Zaitone SA et al. | Effect of evening primrose oil and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the cardiovascular risk of celecoxib in rats. | 2011 | J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. | pmid:21499116 |
| Martin TA et al. | Synergistic regulation of endothelial tight junctions by antioxidant (Se) and polyunsaturated lipid (GLA) via Claudin-5 modulation. | 2006 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:16514648 |
| Martin TA et al. | Enhanced tight junction function in human breast cancer cells by antioxidant, selenium and polyunsaturated lipid. | 2007 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:17243118 |
| Roemen TH et al. | Quantitative assessment of gamma-linolenic acid in human blood and plasma with capillary gas chromatography. | 1990 | J. Chromatogr. | pmid:2166745 |
| Furse RK et al. | Oral administration of gammalinolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties, modulates interleukin-1beta production by human monocytes. | 2002 | J. Clin. Immunol. | pmid:11998897 |
| Puri BK | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and the pathophysiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis (chronic fatigue syndrome). | 2007 | J. Clin. Pathol. | pmid:16935966 |
| Kim JJ et al. | Properties of cholesterol-reduced butter made with beta-cyclodextrin and added evening primrose oil and phytosterols. | 2006 | J. Dairy Sci. | pmid:17106080 |
| Clément M et al. | Purification and identification of bovine cheese whey fatty acids exhibiting in vitro antifungal activity. | 2008 | J. Dairy Sci. | pmid:18565910 |
| Kanehara S et al. | Clinical effects of undershirts coated with borage oil on children with atopic dermatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | 2007 | J. Dermatol. | pmid:18078406 |
| Burnard SL et al. | Cilazapril and dietary gamma-linolenic acid prevent the deficit in sciatic nerve conduction velocity in the streptozotocin diabetic rat. | 1998 Mar-Apr | J. Diabetes Complicat. | pmid:9559483 |
| Garland HO et al. | Dietary essential fatty acid supplementation, urinary calcium excretion and reproductive performance in the diabetic pregnant rat. | 1997 | J. Endocrinol. | pmid:9203989 |
| Cheng Z et al. | Alteration of prostaglandin production and agonist responsiveness by n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in endometrial cells from late-gestation ewes. | 2004 | J. Endocrinol. | pmid:15283685 |
| Braddock R et al. | gamma-Linoleic acid and ascorbic acid ameliorate the effects of experimental diabetes on electrolyte and bone homeostasis in pregnant rats. | 2002 | J. Endocrinol. | pmid:12010635 |
| Ramandi NF et al. | Central composite design for the optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction of fatty acids from Borago officinalis L. flower. | 2011 Nov-Dec | J. Food Sci. | pmid:22416687 |
| Fu J et al. | Hypolipidemic activity in Sprague-Dawley rats and constituents of a novel natural vegetable oil from Cornus wilsoniana fruits. | 2012 | J. Food Sci. | pmid:22747885 |
| Li R et al. | Enzymatic Synthesis of Refined Olive Oil-Based Structured Lipid Containing Omega -3 and -6 Fatty Acids for Potential Application in Infant Formula. | 2015 | J. Food Sci. | pmid:26408984 |
| Won J et al. | Stability analysis of zinc oxide-nanoencapsulated conjugated linoleic acid and gamma-linolenic acid. | 2008 | J. Food Sci. | pmid:19019122 |
| Marra F et al. | Effects of supplementation with unsaturated fatty acids on plasma and membrane lipid composition and platelet function in patients with cirrhosis and defective aggregation. | 1998 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:9566835 |
| Bursztyn PG and King MH | Fat induced hypertension in rabbits: the effects of dietary linoleic and linolenic acid. | 1986 | J. Hypertens. | pmid:3029216 |
| Engler MM et al. | Dietary gamma-linolenic acid lowers blood pressure and alters aortic reactivity and cholesterol metabolism in hypertension. | 1992 | J. Hypertens. | pmid:1335001 |
| Santoli D and Zurier RB | Prostaglandin E precursor fatty acids inhibit human IL-2 production by a prostaglandin E-independent mechanism. | 1989 | J. Immunol. | pmid:2545787 |
| Chilton-Lopez ME et al. | Metabolism of gammalinolenic acid in human neutrophils. | 1996 | J. Immunol. | pmid:8609415 |
| Furse RK et al. | Gammalinolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties, blocks amplification of IL-1 beta production by human monocytes. | 2001 | J. Immunol. | pmid:11418687 |
| Fiocchi A et al. | The efficacy and safety of gamma-linolenic acid in the treatment of infantile atopic dermatitis. | 1994 Jan-Feb | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:7910570 |
| Andreassi M et al. | Efficacy of gamma-linolenic acid in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. | 1997 Sep-Oct | J. Int. Med. Res. | pmid:9364289 |
| Liang T and Liao S | Growth suppression of hamster flank organs by topical application of gamma-linolenic and other fatty acid inhibitors of 5alpha-reductase. | 1997 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:9242500 |
| DeLuca P et al. | Effects of gammalinolenic acid on interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion by stimulated human peripheral blood monocytes: studies in vitro and in vivo. | 1999 | J. Investig. Med. | pmid:10361385 |
| Rossetti RG et al. | Oral administration of unsaturated fatty acids: effects on human peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation. | 1997 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:9335312 |
| Song C et al. | Effects of dietary n-3 or n-6 fatty acids on interleukin-1beta-induced anxiety, stress, and inflammatory responses in rats. | 2003 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:12837849 |
| Luthria DL and Sprecher H | Metabolism of deuterium-labeled linoleic, 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic, 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic, and arachidonic acids in the rat. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8558078 |
| Shewale SV et al. | Botanical oils enriched in n-6 and n-3 FADS2 products are equally effective in preventing atherosclerosis and fatty liver. | 2015 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:25921305 |
| Szachowicz-Petelska B et al. | Protective effect of blackcurrant on liver cell membrane of rats intoxicated with ethanol. | 2012 | J. Membr. Biol. | pmid:22527605 |
| Kim SH et al. | Isolation and functional characterization of a delta 6-desaturase gene from the pike eel (Muraenesox cinereus). | 2013 | J. Microbiol. | pmid:24097133 |
| Wan X et al. | Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a delta 6-fatty acid desaturase gene from Rhizopus stolonifer strain YF6 which can accumulate high levels of gamma-linolenic acid. | 2011 | J. Microbiol. | pmid:21369993 |
| Khongto B et al. | Fermentation process development of recombinant Hansenula polymorpha for gamma-linolenic acid production. | 2010 | J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. | pmid:21124062 |
| Wan X et al. | Production of gamma-linolenic acid in Pichia pastoris by Expression of a delta-6 desaturase gene from Cunninghamella echinulata. | 2009 | J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. | pmid:19884765 |
| Choi GG et al. | Enhanced biomass and gamma-linolenic acid production of mutant strain Arthrospira platensis. | 2008 | J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. | pmid:18388474 |
| Cunnane SC et al. | NMR and isotope ratio mass spectrometry studies of in vivo uptake and metabolism of polyunsaturates by the developing rat brain. | 2001 Apr-Jun | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:11478372 |
| Menendez JA et al. | Effect of gamma-linolenic acid on the transcriptional activity of the Her-2/neu (erbB-2) oncogene. | 2005 | J. Natl. Cancer Inst. | pmid:16264182 |
| Das UN | Re: Effect of gamma-linolenic acid on the transcriptional activity of the Her-2/neu (erbB-2) oncogene. | 2006 | J. Natl. Cancer Inst. | pmid:16705127 |
| Likhodii SS and Cunnane SC | Uptake of 13C-tracer arachidonate and gamma-linolenate by the brain and liver of the suckling rat observed using 13C-NMR. | 1999 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:10349866 |
| Biessels GJ et al. | The effect of gamma-linolenic acid-alpha-lipoic acid on functional deficits in the peripheral and central nervous system of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. | 2001 | J. Neurol. Sci. | pmid:11137514 |
| Julu PO and Mutamba A | Comparison of short-term effects of insulin and essential fatty acids on the slowed nerve conduction of streptozotocin diabetes in rats. | 1991 | J. Neurol. Sci. | pmid:1663993 |
| Bell HS et al. | Effects of N-6 essential fatty acids on glioma invasion and growth: experimental studies with glioma spheroids in collagen gels. | 1999 | J. Neurosurg. | pmid:10584845 |
| Fan YY et al. | Dietary gamma-linolenic acid enhances mouse macrophage-derived prostaglandin E1 which inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. | 1997 | J. Nutr. | pmid:9278557 |
| Fan YY and Chapkin RS | Mouse peritoneal macrophage prostaglandin E1 synthesis is altered by dietary gamma-linolenic acid. | 1992 | J. Nutr. | pmid:1322453 |
| Johnson MM et al. | Dietary supplementation with gamma-linolenic acid alters fatty acid content and eicosanoid production in healthy humans. | 1997 | J. Nutr. | pmid:9237935 |
| Chapkin RS and Carmichael SL | Effect of dietary blackcurrant seed oil on mouse macrophage subclasses of choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipids. | 1990 | J. Nutr. | pmid:1974284 |
| Barham JB et al. | Addition of eicosapentaenoic acid to gamma-linolenic acid-supplemented diets prevents serum arachidonic acid accumulation in humans. | 2000 | J. Nutr. | pmid:10917903 |
| Fan YY and Chapkin RS | Importance of dietary gamma-linolenic acid in human health and nutrition. | 1998 | J. Nutr. | pmid:9732298 |
| Takada R et al. | Dietary gamma-linolenic acid-enriched oil reduces body fat content and induces liver enzyme activities relating to fatty acid beta-oxidation in rats. | 1994 | J. Nutr. | pmid:8145067 |
| Fan YY et al. | Dietary lipid source alters murine macrophage/vascular smooth muscle cell interactions in vitro. | 1996 | J. Nutr. | pmid:8814195 |
| Tso P et al. | Intestinal absorption and lymphatic transport of a high gamma-linolenic acid canola oil in lymph fistula Sprague-Dawley rats. | 2002 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11823581 |
| Tsimaratos M et al. | Gamma-linolenic acid restores renal medullary thick ascending limb Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in diabetic rats. | 2001 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11739860 |
| Fan YY et al. | Dietary gamma-linolenic acid suppresses aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and modifies atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. | 2001 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11385052 |
| Thies F et al. | Dietary supplementation with gamma-linolenic acid or fish oil decreases T lymphocyte proliferation in healthy older humans. | 2001 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11435508 |
| Pitel S et al. | At low doses, a gamma-linolenic acid-lipoic acid conjugate is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids in preventing neuropathy in diabetic rats. | 2007 | J. Nutr. | pmid:17237313 |
| Frenoux JM et al. | A polyunsaturated fatty acid diet lowers blood pressure and improves antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 2001 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11208936 |
| Schirmer MA and Phinney SD | Gamma-linolenate reduces weight regain in formerly obese humans. | 2007 | J. Nutr. | pmid:17513402 |
| Petrik MB et al. | Highly unsaturated (n-3) fatty acids, but not alpha-linolenic, conjugated linoleic or gamma-linolenic acids, reduce tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. | 2000 | J. Nutr. | pmid:11015469 |
| Chapkin RS et al. | Dietary influences of evening primrose and fish oil on the skin of essential fatty acid-deficient guinea pigs. | 1987 | J. Nutr. | pmid:3625311 |
| Chung S et al. | Gamma-linolenic acid in borage oil reverses epidermal hyperproliferation in guinea pigs. | 2002 | J. Nutr. | pmid:12368400 |
| Song C et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate interleukin-1beta-induced changes in behavior, monoaminergic neurotransmitters, and brain inflammation in rats. | 2008 | J. Nutr. | pmid:18424607 |
| Tahvonen RL et al. | Black currant seed oil and fish oil supplements differ in their effects on fatty acid profiles of plasma lipids, and concentrations of serum total and lipoprotein lipids, plasma glucose and insulin. | 2005 | J. Nutr. Biochem. | pmid:15936647 |
| Fauconnot L and Buist PH | Gamma-linolenic acid biosynthesis: cryptoregiochemistry of delta6 desaturation. | 2001 | J. Org. Chem. | pmid:11312950 |
| Van Biervliet JP et al. | Serum cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, and high-density lipoprotein development in newborn infants: response to formulas supplemented with cholesterol and gamma-linolenic acid. | 1992 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:1313864 |
| Wedig KE and Whitsett JA | Down the primrose path: petechiae in a neonate exposed to herbal remedy for parturition. | 2008 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:18154917 |
| Fewtrell MS et al. | Randomized, double-blind trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with fish oil and borage oil in preterm infants. | 2004 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:15069395 |
| Hrastinger A et al. | Is there clinical evidence supporting the use of botanical dietary supplements in children? | 2005 | J. Pediatr. | pmid:15756210 |