2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Zou Z et al. | Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Suppresses LPS-Induced Inhibition of A-Type Potassium Channel Currents in Caudate Nucleus Neurons Through CB1 Receptor. | 2016 | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:27129498 |
Keyshams N et al. | Cannabinoid-glutamate interactions in the regulation of food intake in neonatal layer- type chicks: role of glutamate NMDA and AMPA receptors. | 2016 | Vet. Res. Commun. | pmid:27000110 |
Limebeer CL et al. | Elevation of 2-AG by monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition in the visceral insular cortex interferes with anticipatory nausea in a rat model. | 2016 | Behav. Neurosci. | pmid:26974857 |
Feliszek M et al. | Lack of hippocampal CB1 receptor desensitization by Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in aged mice and by low doses of JZL 184. | 2016 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:26984820 |
Zhang L et al. | Endocannabinoid 2-AG and intracellular cannabinoid receptors modulate a low-threshold calcium spike-induced slow depolarizing afterpotential in rat thalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons. | 2016 | Neuroscience | pmid:26924019 |
Wang X et al. | Circulating Endocannabinoids and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. | 2016 | Biomed Res Int | pmid:26904688 |
Tomas-Roig J et al. | Social defeat leads to changes in the endocannabinoid system: An overexpression of calreticulin and motor impairment in mice. | 2016 | Behav. Brain Res. | pmid:26815100 |
Siegmund SV et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2 contributes to the selective induction of cell death by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in hepatic stellate cells. | 2016 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:26801558 |
Yi B et al. | Reductions in circulating endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels in healthy human subjects exposed to chronic stressors. | 2016 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:26780604 |
Costa MA et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol dysregulates the synthesis of proteins by the human syncytiotrophoblast. | 2016 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:26698196 |
Wills KL et al. | Double Dissociation of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibition and CB1 Antagonism in the Central Amygdala, Basolateral Amygdala, and the Interoceptive Insular Cortex on the Affective Properties of Acute Naloxone-Precipitated Morphine Withdrawal in Rats. | 2016 | Neuropsychopharmacology | pmid:26647976 |
Gobira PH et al. | Role of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in aversive responses mediated by the dorsolateral periaqueductal grey. | 2016 | Eur Neuropsychopharmacol | pmid:26628106 |
Signorello MG and Leoncini G | Regulation of cAMP Intracellular Levels in Human Platelets Stimulated by 2-Arachidonoylglycerol. | 2016 | J. Cell. Biochem. | pmid:26460717 |
Wang F et al. | 2-Arachidonylglycerol Protects Primary Astrocytes Exposed to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation Through a Blockade of NDRG2 Signaling and STAT3 Phosphorylation. | 2016 | Rejuvenation Res | pmid:26414218 |
Sanchez AM et al. | Elevated Systemic Levels of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators Across the Menstrual Cycle in Women With Endometriosis. | 2016 | Reprod Sci | pmid:26887427 |
Knani I et al. | Targeting the endocannabinoid/CB1 receptor system for treating obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome. | 2016 | Mol Metab | pmid:27900261 |
Liu X et al. | Coordinated regulation of endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde synaptic suppression in the cerebellum by neuronal and astrocytic monoacylglycerol lipase. | 2016 | Sci Rep | pmid:27775008 |
Tung LW et al. | Orexins contribute to restraint stress-induced cocaine relapse by endocannabinoid-mediated disinhibition of dopaminergic neurons. | 2016 | Nat Commun | pmid:27448020 |
Jenniches I and Zimmer A | Reply to: The Anxiolytic Actions of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol: Converging Evidence From Two Recent Genetic Endocannabinoid Deficiency Models. | 2016 | Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:26410564 |
Patel S et al. | The Anxiolytic Actions of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol: Converging Evidence From Two Recent Genetic Endocannabinoid Deficiency Models. | 2016 | Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:26212898 |
Reddy IA et al. | Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation regulates cocaine actions and dopamine homeostasis in the lateral septum by decreasing arachidonic acid levels. | 2016 | Transl Psychiatry | pmid:27187231 |
Gray JM et al. | Sustained glucocorticoid exposure recruits cortico-limbic CRH signaling to modulate endocannabinoid function. | 2016 | Psychoneuroendocrinology | pmid:26821211 |
Doenni VM et al. | Deficient adolescent social behavior following early-life inflammation is ameliorated by augmentation of anandamide signaling. | 2016 | Brain Behav. Immun. | pmid:27453335 |
Artegoitia VM et al. | Endocannabinoids concentrations in plasma associated with feed efficiency and carcass composition of beef steers. | 2016 | J. Anim. Sci. | pmid:28046144 |
Dong L et al. | Interactions of 2-O-arachidonylglycerol ether and ibuprofen with the allosteric and catalytic subunits of human COX-2. | 2016 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:27059979 |
Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N et al. | Fetal Syndrome of Endocannabinoid Deficiency (FSECD) In Maternal Obesity. | 2016 | Med. Hypotheses | pmid:27959272 |
Morena M et al. | Emotional arousal state influences the ability of amygdalar endocannabinoid signaling to modulate anxiety. | 2016 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:27553121 |
Veeraraghavan P et al. | A study of cannabinoid-1 receptors during the early phase of excitotoxic damage to rat spinal locomotor networks in vitro. | 2016 | Neuroscience | pmid:27450568 |
Martella A et al. | Bisphenol A Induces Fatty Liver by an Endocannabinoid-Mediated Positive Feedback Loop. | 2016 | Endocrinology | pmid:27014939 |
Iannotti FA et al. | Endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related mediators: Targets, metabolism and role in neurological disorders. | 2016 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:26965148 |
Gamelin FX et al. | Effects of chronic exercise on the endocannabinoid system in Wistar rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity. | 2016 | J. Physiol. Biochem. | pmid:26880264 |
Monteleone AM et al. | Responses of peripheral endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related compounds to hedonic eating in obesity. | 2016 | Eur J Nutr | pmid:26759262 |
Yang W et al. | Cannabinoid receptor agonists modulate calcium channels in rat retinal Müller cells. | 2016 | Neuroscience | pmid:26621126 |
Sustkova-Fiserova M et al. | Ghrelin and endocannabinoids participation in morphine-induced effects in the rat nucleus accumbens. | 2016 | Psychopharmacology (Berl.) | pmid:26507196 |
Leishman E et al. | Broad impact of deleting endogenous cannabinoid hydrolyzing enzymes and the CB1 cannabinoid receptor on the endogenous cannabinoid-related lipidome in eight regions of the mouse brain. | 2016 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:27109320 |
Leishman E et al. | Lipidomics profile of a NAPE-PLD KO mouse provides evidence of a broader role of this enzyme in lipid metabolism in the brain. | 2016 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:26956082 |
Petrosino S et al. | The anti-inflammatory mediator palmitoylethanolamide enhances the levels of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and potentiates its actions at TRPV1 cation channels. | 2016 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:25598150 |
Malek N et al. | The multiplicity of spinal AA-5-HT anti-nociceptive action in a rat model of neuropathic pain. | 2016 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:27326920 |
Di S et al. | Acute Stress Suppresses Synaptic Inhibition and Increases Anxiety via Endocannabinoid Release in the Basolateral Amygdala. | 2016 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:27511017 |
Aaltonen N et al. | In Vivo Characterization of the Ultrapotent Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor {4-[bis-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl]-piperidin-1-yl}(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanone (JJKK-048). | 2016 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:27451409 |
Sharkey KA and Wiley JW | The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Brain-Gut Axis. | 2016 | Gastroenterology | pmid:27133395 |
Sido JM et al. | Production of endocannabinoids by activated TÂ cells and BÂ cells modulates inflammation associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. | 2016 | Eur. J. Immunol. | pmid:27064137 |
Brose SA et al. | Brain 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Levels Are Dramatically and Rapidly Increased Under Acute Ischemia-Injury Which Is Prevented by Microwave Irradiation. | 2016 | Lipids | pmid:27021494 |
Delgado-Peraza F et al. | Mechanisms of Biased β-Arrestin-Mediated Signaling Downstream from the Cannabinoid 1 Receptor. | 2016 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:27009233 |
Miller MR et al. | Unconventional endocannabinoid signaling governs sperm activation via the sex hormone progesterone. | 2016 | Science | pmid:26989199 |
Yan W et al. | NO2 inhalation promotes Alzheimer's disease-like progression: cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 modulation and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition-targeted medication. | 2016 | Sci Rep | pmid:26928013 |
Hartley ND et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol signaling impairs short-term fear extinction. | 2016 | Transl Psychiatry | pmid:26926885 |
Brindisi M et al. | Development and Pharmacological Characterization of Selective Blockers of 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol Degradation with Efficacy in Rodent Models of Multiple Sclerosis and Pain. | 2016 | J. Med. Chem. | pmid:26888301 |
Tegeder I | Endocannabinoids as Guardians of Metastasis. | 2016 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:26875980 |
Pastor A et al. | A Lower Olfactory Capacity Is Related to Higher Circulating Concentrations of Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and Higher Body Mass Index in Women. | 2016 | PLoS ONE | pmid:26849214 |
Wilkerson JL et al. | The Selective Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor MJN110 Produces Opioid-Sparing Effects in a Mouse Neuropathic Pain Model. | 2016 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:26791602 |
Mann A et al. | Are the endocannabinoid-like compounds N-acyl aminoacids neuroprotective after traumatic brain injury? | 2016 | J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol | pmid:26565551 |
Grabner GF et al. | Deletion of Monoglyceride Lipase in Astrocytes Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Neuroinflammation. | 2016 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:26565024 |
Matthews AT et al. | Oxyradical stress increases the biosynthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol: involvement of NADPH oxidase. | 2016 | Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. | pmid:27784678 |
Sticht MA et al. | Endocannabinoid regulation of nausea is mediated by 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the rat visceral insular cortex. | 2016 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:26541329 |
McReynolds JR et al. | CB1 receptor antagonism blocks stress-potentiated reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats. | 2016 | Psychopharmacology (Berl.) | pmid:26455361 |
Lim J et al. | Endocannabinoid Modulation of Predator Stress-Induced Long-Term Anxiety in Rats. | 2016 | Neuropsychopharmacology | pmid:26361059 |
Stark DT and Caprioli J | Subcellular Localization of a 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol Signaling Cassette in Retinal Ganglion Cell Axonal Growth In Vitro. | 2016 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:28002563 |
Wang X et al. | Endogenous cannabinoid system alterations and their role in epileptogenesis after brain injury in rat. | 2016 | Epilepsy Res. | pmid:27810514 |
Volk DW and Lewis DA | The Role of Endocannabinoid Signaling in Cortical Inhibitory Neuron Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. | 2016 | Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:26210060 |
Araki M et al. | Enzymatic characterization of recombinant rat DDHD2: a soluble diacylglycerol lipase. | 2016 | J. Biochem. | pmid:27198176 |
Fisette A et al. | α/β-Hydrolase Domain 6 in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Controls Energy Metabolism Flexibility. | 2016 | Cell Rep | pmid:27783937 |
Sugaya Y et al. | Crucial Roles of the Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in the Suppression of Epileptic Seizures. | 2016 | Cell Rep | pmid:27452464 |
Bosch-Bouju C et al. | Endocannabinoid-Mediated Plasticity in Nucleus Accumbens Controls Vulnerability to Anxiety after Social Defeat Stress. | 2016 | Cell Rep | pmid:27452462 |
Wiley JL et al. | Just add water: cannabinoid discrimination in a water T-maze with FAAH(-/-) and FAAH(+/+) mice. | 2016 | Behav Pharmacol | pmid:27385208 |
Battista N and Sergi M | Determination of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol by μSPE-LC-MS/MS. | 2016 | Methods Mol. Biol. | pmid:27245888 |
Liisberg U et al. | Intake of a Western diet containing cod instead of pork alters fatty acid composition in tissue phospholipids and attenuates obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. | 2016 | J. Nutr. Biochem. | pmid:27155918 |
Martins CJ et al. | Circulating Endocannabinoids and the Polymorphism 385C>A in Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Gene May Identify the Obesity Phenotype Related to Cardiometabolic Risk: A Study Conducted in a Brazilian Population of Complex Interethnic Admixture. | 2015 | PLoS ONE | pmid:26561012 |
Hanlon EC et al. | Circadian rhythm of circulating levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2015 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:25368979 |
Petrenko AB et al. | Genetic inactivation and prolonged pharmacologic inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase have opposite effects on anesthetic sensitivity to propofol. | 2015 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:26318148 |
Zou Z et al. | Effect of Homocysteine on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Currents in Primary Cultured Rat Caudate Nucleus Neurons and Its Modulation by 2-Arachidonylglycerol. | 2015 | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:26179279 |
GarcÃa del Caño G et al. | Nuclear diacylglycerol lipase-α in rat brain cortical neurons: evidence of 2-arachidonoylglycerol production in concert with phospholipase C-β activity. | 2015 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:25308538 |
Ma L et al. | Involvement of cannabinoid receptors in infrasonic noise-induced neuronal impairment. | 2015 | Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai) | pmid:26058582 |
Katz PS et al. | Endocannabinoid degradation inhibition improves neurobehavioral function, blood-brain barrier integrity, and neuroinflammation following mild traumatic brain injury. | 2015 | J. Neurotrauma | pmid:25166905 |
Alizadeh A et al. | Role of cannabinoidergic system on food intake in neonatal layer-type chicken. | 2015 | Vet. Res. Commun. | pmid:25902906 |
Zhang Z et al. | Blockade of 2-arachidonoylglycerol hydrolysis produces antidepressant-like effects and enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. | 2015 | Hippocampus | pmid:25131612 |
Gomez O et al. | A Basal Tone of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Contributes to Early Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Proliferation by Activating Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/AKT and the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (MTOR) Pathways. | 2015 | J Neuroimmune Pharmacol | pmid:25900077 |
Shimizu T et al. | Possible inhibitory role of endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol as an endocannabinoid in (±)-epibatidine-induced activation of central adrenomedullary outflow in the rat. | 2015 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:25882827 |
Mennella I et al. | Food Liking Enhances the Plasma Response of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and of Pancreatic Polypeptide upon Modified Sham Feeding in Humans. | 2015 | J. Nutr. | pmid:26180248 |
Dong M et al. | Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol protects primary cultured neurons against homocysteine-induced impairments in rat caudate nucleus through CB1 receptor. | 2015 | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:25007951 |
Turcotte C et al. | Regulation of inflammation by cannabinoids, the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and arachidonoyl-ethanolamide, and their metabolites. | 2015 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:25877930 |
Spaziano G et al. | Exposure to Allergen Causes Changes in NTS Neural Activities after Intratracheal Capsaicin Application, in Endocannabinoid Levels and in the Glia Morphology of NTS. | 2015 | Biomed Res Int | pmid:25866824 |
Subbanna S et al. | Postnatal ethanol exposure alters levels of 2-arachidonylglycerol-metabolizing enzymes and pharmacological inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase does not cause neurodegeneration in neonatal mice. | 2015 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:25857698 |
Piyanova A et al. | Age-related changes in the endocannabinoid system in the mouse hippocampus. | 2015 | Mech. Ageing Dev. | pmid:26278494 |
Mecha M et al. | Endocannabinoids drive the acquisition of an alternative phenotype in microglia. | 2015 | Brain Behav. Immun. | pmid:26086345 |
Juan CC et al. | Endocannabinoid system activation may be associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. | 2015 | Fertil. Steril. | pmid:25935491 |
Vázquez C et al. | Endocannabinoids regulate the activity of astrocytic hemichannels and the microglial response against an injury: In vivo studies. | 2015 | Neurobiol. Dis. | pmid:25917763 |
Jokisch V et al. | Endocannabinoid Levels in Newborns in Relation to the Mode of Delivery. | 2015 | Am J Perinatol | pmid:25915139 |
Manduca A et al. | Distinct roles of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in social behavior and emotionality at different developmental ages in rats. | 2015 | Eur Neuropsychopharmacol | pmid:25914159 |
Alhouayek M et al. | N-Acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition increases colon N-palmitoylethanolamine levels and counteracts murine colitis. | 2015 | FASEB J. | pmid:25384424 |
Park SW et al. | Anticancer effects of anandamide on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells via the production of receptor-independent reactive oxygen species. | 2015 | Head Neck | pmid:24797795 |
Checa A et al. | Lipid mediator profile in vernix caseosa reflects skin barrier development. | 2015 | Sci Rep | pmid:26521946 |
Jalin AM et al. | Non-Selective Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists, Hinokiresinols Reduce Infiltration of Microglia/Macrophages into Ischemic Brain Lesions in Rat via Modulating 2-Arachidonolyglycerol-Induced Migration and Mitochondrial Activity. | 2015 | PLoS ONE | pmid:26517721 |
Kita Y et al. | Fever Is Mediated by Conversion of Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol to Prostaglandin E2. | 2015 | PLoS ONE | pmid:26196692 |
Lee SH et al. | Multiple Forms of Endocannabinoid and Endovanilloid Signaling Regulate the Tonic Control of GABA Release. | 2015 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:26157003 |
Parker KE et al. | Effects of co-administration of 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and a selective µ-opioid receptor agonist into the nucleus accumbens on high-fat feeding behaviors in the rat. | 2015 | Brain Res. | pmid:26100333 |
La Porta C et al. | Role of the endocannabinoid system in the emotional manifestations of osteoarthritis pain. | 2015 | Pain | pmid:26067584 |
Hutch CR et al. | An endocannabinoid system is present in the mouse olfactory epithelium but does not modulate olfaction. | 2015 | Neuroscience | pmid:26037800 |
Dotsey EY et al. | Peroxide-Dependent MGL Sulfenylation Regulates 2-AG-Mediated Endocannabinoid Signaling in Brain Neurons. | 2015 | Chem. Biol. | pmid:26000748 |
Chicca A et al. | 4'-O-methylhonokiol increases levels of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in mouse brain via selective inhibition of its COX-2-mediated oxygenation. | 2015 | J Neuroinflammation | pmid:25962384 |