2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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den Boon FS et al. | Endocannabinoids produced upon action potential firing evoke a Cl(-) current via type-2 cannabinoid receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex. | 2014 | Pflugers Arch. | pmid:24671573 |
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Flores-Otero J et al. | Ligand-specific endocytic dwell times control functional selectivity of the cannabinoid receptor 1. | 2014 | Nat Commun | pmid:25081814 |
Petrenko AB et al. | Augmented tonic pain-related behavior in knockout mice lacking monoacylglycerol lipase, a major degrading enzyme for the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2014 | Behav. Brain Res. | pmid:24906199 |
Tsurumura T and Tsuge H | Substrate selectivity of bacterial monoacylglycerol lipase based on crystal structure. | 2014 | J. Struct. Funct. Genomics | pmid:24894647 |
Pascual AC et al. | Cannabinoid receptor-dependent metabolism of 2-arachidonoylglycerol during aging. | 2014 | Exp. Gerontol. | pmid:24768821 |
Gasperi V et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol modulates human endothelial cell/leukocyte interactions by controlling selectin expression through CB1 and CB2 receptors. | 2014 | Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. | pmid:24721209 |
Lu Y et al. | Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol protects primary cultured neurons against LPS-induced impairments in rat caudate nucleus. | 2014 | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:24510751 |
Khasabova IA et al. | JZL184 is anti-hyperalgesic in a murine model of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. | 2014 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:25304184 |
McDougle DR et al. | Endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are substrates for human CYP2J2 epoxygenase. | 2014 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:25277139 |
Özdemir B et al. | Endocannabinoids and inflammatory response in periodontal ligament cells. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | pmid:25226300 |
Navarria A et al. | The dual blocker of FAAH/TRPV1 N-arachidonoylserotonin reverses the behavioral despair induced by stress in rats and modulates the HPA-axis. | 2014 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:24861565 |
Oleson EB et al. | Cannabinoid receptor activation shifts temporally engendered patterns of dopamine release. | 2014 | Neuropsychopharmacology | pmid:24345819 |
Larose MC et al. | Mechanisms of human eosinophil migration induced by the combination of IL-5 and the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol. | 2014 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:24530098 |
Abdulnour J et al. | Circulating endocannabinoids in insulin sensitive vs. insulin resistant obese postmenopausal women. A MONET group study. | 2014 | Obesity (Silver Spring) | pmid:23616305 |
Brantl SA et al. | Mechanism of platelet activation induced by endocannabinoids in blood and plasma. | 2014 | Platelets | pmid:23789792 |
Laitinen T et al. | Mutation of Cys242 of human monoacylglycerol lipase disrupts balanced hydrolysis of 1- and 2-monoacylglycerols and selectively impairs inhibitor potency. | 2014 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:24368842 |
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Alvheim AR et al. | Dietary linoleic acid elevates the endocannabinoids 2-AG and anandamide and promotes weight gain in mice fed a low fat diet. | 2014 | Lipids | pmid:24081493 |
Jergas B et al. | O-2050 facilitates noradrenaline release and increases the CB1 receptor inverse agonistic effect of rimonabant in the guinea pig hippocampus. | 2014 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:24853577 |
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Chianese R et al. | Hypothalamus-pituitary axis: an obligatory target for endocannabinoids to inhibit steroidogenesis in frog testis. | 2014 | Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. | pmid:24566122 |
Kim J and Watkins BA | Cannabinoid receptor antagonists and fatty acids alter endocannabinoid system gene expression and COX activity. | 2014 | J. Nutr. Biochem. | pmid:24854955 |
Manna JD et al. | Identification of the major prostaglandin glycerol ester hydrolase in human cancer cells. | 2014 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:25301951 |
Pascual AC et al. | Aging modifies the enzymatic activities involved in 2-arachidonoylglycerol metabolism. | 2013 Mar-Apr | Biofactors | pmid:23281018 |
Fonseca BM et al. | Endogenous cannabinoids revisited: a biochemistry perspective. | 2013 Apr-May | Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. | pmid:23474290 |
Fagundo AB et al. | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:23840456 |
Baggelaar MP et al. | Development of an activity-based probe and in silico design reveal highly selective inhibitors for diacylglycerol lipase-α in brain. | 2013 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. | pmid:24173880 |
Sergi M et al. | Determination of the two major endocannabinoids in human plasma by μ-SPE followed by HPLC-MS/MS. | 2013 | Anal Bioanal Chem | pmid:22847477 |
Ueda N et al. | Metabolism of endocannabinoids and related N-acylethanolamines: canonical and alternative pathways. | 2013 | FEBS J. | pmid:23425575 |
Sugaya Y et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol negatively regulates habituation by suppressing excitatory recurrent network activity and reducing long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:23426686 |
DiPatrizio NV et al. | Endocannabinoid signaling in the gut mediates preference for dietary unsaturated fats. | 2013 | FASEB J. | pmid:23463697 |
Yuan S and Burrell BD | Endocannabinoid-dependent long-term depression in a nociceptive synapse requires coordinated presynaptic and postsynaptic transcription and translation. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:23467351 |
Kinsey SG et al. | Repeated low-dose administration of the monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 retains cannabinoid receptor type 1-mediated antinociceptive and gastroprotective effects. | 2013 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:23412396 |
Rea K et al. | Evidence for a role of GABAergic and glutamatergic signalling in the basolateral amygdala in endocannabinoid-mediated fear-conditioned analgesia in rats. | 2013 | Pain | pmid:23414578 |
Shonesy BC et al. | CaMKII regulates diacylglycerol lipase-α and striatal endocannabinoid signaling. | 2013 | Nat. Neurosci. | pmid:23502535 |
Siegmund SV et al. | Fatty acid amide hydrolase but not monoacyl glycerol lipase controls cell death induced by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in hepatic cell populations. | 2013 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:23806692 |
Keimpema E et al. | Diacylglycerol lipase α manipulation reveals developmental roles for intercellular endocannabinoid signaling. | 2013 | Sci Rep | pmid:23806960 |
Pérez-Morales M et al. | 2-AG into the lateral hypothalamus increases REM sleep and cFos expression in melanin concentrating hormone neurons in rats. | 2013 | Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. | pmid:23603032 |
Chiou LC et al. | Targeting the cannabinoid system for pain relief? | 2013 | Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan | pmid:24529672 |
Cristino L et al. | Obesity-driven synaptic remodeling affects endocannabinoid control of orexinergic neurons. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:23630288 |
Barricklow J and Blatnik M | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol is a substrate for butyrylcholinesterase: A potential mechanism for extracellular endocannabinoid regulation. | 2013 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:23689009 |
Bari M et al. | In vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease show alterations in the endocannabinoid system. | 2013 | FEBS J. | pmid:23659592 |
Chouinard F et al. | 2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol- and arachidonic acid-stimulated neutrophils release antimicrobial effectors against E. coli, S. aureus, HSV-1, and RSV. | 2013 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:23242611 |
Rivera P et al. | Cocaine self-administration differentially modulates the expression of endogenous cannabinoid system-related proteins in the hippocampus of Lewis vs. Fischer 344 rats. | 2013 | Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. | pmid:23217608 |
Valdeolivas S et al. | The inhibition of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) biosynthesis, rather than enhancing striatal damage, protects striatal neurons from malonate-induced death: a potential role of cyclooxygenase-2-dependent metabolism of 2-AG. | 2013 | Cell Death Dis | pmid:24136226 |
Jäntti MH et al. | Autocrine endocannabinoid signaling through CB1 receptors potentiates OX1 orexin receptor signaling. | 2013 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:23233488 |
Su LD et al. | Retrograde cPLA2α/arachidonic acid/2-AG signaling is essential for cerebellar depolarization-induced suppression of excitation and long-term potentiation. | 2013 | Cerebellum | pmid:23307660 |
Keimpema E et al. | Nerve growth factor scales endocannabinoid signaling by regulating monoacylglycerol lipase turnover in developing cholinergic neurons. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:23319656 |
Shimizu T et al. | Stimulatory and inhibitory roles of brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol in bombesin-induced central activation of adrenomedullary outflow in rats. | 2013 | J. Pharmacol. Sci. | pmid:23386378 |
Tchantchou F and Zhang Y | Selective inhibition of alpha/beta-hydrolase domain 6 attenuates neurodegeneration, alleviates blood brain barrier breakdown, and improves functional recovery in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. | 2013 | J. Neurotrauma | pmid:23151067 |
Alhouayek M et al. | Implication of the anti-inflammatory bioactive lipid prostaglandin D2-glycerol ester in the control of macrophage activation and inflammation by ABHD6. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:24101490 |
Iannotti FA et al. | Analysis of the "endocannabinoidome" in peripheral tissues of obese Zucker rats. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23830028 |
Neumeister A et al. | Elevated brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder: a positron emission tomography study. | 2013 | Mol. Psychiatry | pmid:23670490 |
Jain T et al. | Diacylglycerol lipaseα (DAGLα) and DAGLβ cooperatively regulate the production of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in autaptic hippocampal neurons. | 2013 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:23748223 |
Citraro R et al. | Antiepileptic action of N-palmitoylethanolamine through CB1 and PPAR-α receptor activation in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. | 2013 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:23206503 |
Signorello MG et al. | The 2-arachidonoylglycerol effect on myosin light chain phosphorylation in human platelets. | 2013 | Biochimie | pmid:23702422 |
Higgins A et al. | Differential modulation of nociceptive versus non-nociceptive synapses by endocannabinoids. | 2013 | Mol Pain | pmid:23725095 |
Almeida-Santos AF et al. | Modulation of anxiety-like behavior by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray. | 2013 | Behav. Brain Res. | pmid:23714073 |
Perez-Rosello T et al. | Synaptic Zn2+ inhibits neurotransmitter release by promoting endocannabinoid synthesis. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:23719795 |
Yang Y et al. | Cannabinoid receptor 1 suppresses transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-induced inflammatory responses to corneal injury. | 2013 | Cell. Signal. | pmid:23142606 |
Sticht MA et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol interferes with lithium-induced vomiting in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus. | 2013 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:23958470 |
Chanda D et al. | Hepatic cannabinoid receptor type 1 mediates alcohol-induced regulation of bile acid enzyme genes expression via CREBH. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:23894352 |
Pellkofer HL et al. | The major brain endocannabinoid 2-AG controls neuropathic pain and mechanical hyperalgesia in patients with neuromyelitis optica. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:23951176 |
Costola-de-Souza C et al. | Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibition attenuates acute lung injury in mice. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:24204926 |
Du H et al. | Neuregulin-1 impairs the long-term depression of hippocampal inhibitory synapses by facilitating the degradation of endocannabinoid 2-AG. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:24048832 |
Guindon J et al. | Alterations in endocannabinoid tone following chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: effects of endocannabinoid deactivation inhibitors targeting fatty-acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase in comparison to reference analgesics following cisplatin treatment. | 2013 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:23127915 |
Hashimotodani Y et al. | Acute inhibition of diacylglycerol lipase blocks endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde signalling: evidence for on-demand biosynthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2013 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:23858009 |
Kerr DM et al. | The monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 attenuates LPS-induced increases in cytokine expression in the rat frontal cortex and plasma: differential mechanisms of action. | 2013 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:23043675 |
Han B et al. | Quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of arachidonoyl amino acids in mouse brain with treatment of FAAH inhibitor. | 2013 | Anal. Biochem. | pmid:23044255 |
Lindgren CA et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 glycerol ester and nitric oxide are involved in muscarine-induced presynaptic enhancement at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction. | 2013 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:23818695 |
Frazier CJ | Preformed vs. on-demand: molecular economics of endocannabinoid signalling. | 2013 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:24085490 |
Starowicz K et al. | Full inhibition of spinal FAAH leads to TRPV1-mediated analgesic effects in neuropathic rats and possible lipoxygenase-mediated remodeling of anandamide metabolism. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:23573230 |
Subbanna S et al. | Anandamide-CB1 receptor signaling contributes to postnatal ethanol-induced neonatal neurodegeneration, adult synaptic, and memory deficits. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:23575834 |
Descalzi F et al. | Platelet-rich plasma exerts antinociceptive activity by a peripheral endocannabinoid-related mechanism. | 2013 | Tissue Eng Part A | pmid:23578218 |
Morgan CJ et al. | Cerebrospinal fluid anandamide levels, cannabis use and psychotic-like symptoms. | 2013 | Br J Psychiatry | pmid:23580381 |
Bisogno T et al. | A novel fluorophosphonate inhibitor of the biosynthesis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol with potential anti-obesity effects. | 2013 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:23072382 |
Blankman JL and Cravatt BF | Chemical probes of endocannabinoid metabolism. | 2013 | Pharmacol. Rev. | pmid:23512546 |
Berge K et al. | Chronic treatment with krill powder reduces plasma triglyceride and anandamide levels in mildly obese men. | 2013 | Lipids Health Dis | pmid:23706001 |
Zygmunt PM et al. | Monoacylglycerols activate TRPV1--a link between phospholipase C and TRPV1. | 2013 | PLoS ONE | pmid:24312564 |
Carr RL et al. | Induction of endocannabinoid levels in juvenile rat brain following developmental chlorpyrifos exposure. | 2013 | Toxicol. Sci. | pmid:23761300 |
Wang R et al. | Identification of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 in human THP1 monocytes and macrophages and characterization of unique biochemical activities for this enzyme. | 2013 | Biochemistry | pmid:24083319 |
Ikeda H et al. | Activation of spinal cannabinoid CB2 receptors inhibits neuropathic pain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. | 2013 | Neuroscience | pmid:23892011 |
Yuan S and Burrell BD | Nonnociceptive afferent activity depresses nocifensive behavior and nociceptive synapses via an endocannabinoid-dependent mechanism. | 2013 | J. Neurophysiol. | pmid:24027102 |
Ilayan E et al. | Do cannabinoids exhibit a tyramine-like effect? | 2013 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:23900610 |
Krumbholz A et al. | Diagnostic value of concentration profiles of glucocorticosteroids and endocannabinoids in hair. | 2013 | Ther Drug Monit | pmid:23942543 |
Hill MN et al. | Reductions in circulating endocannabinoid levels in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to the World Trade Center attacks. | 2013 | Psychoneuroendocrinology | pmid:24035186 |
Blasio A et al. | Rimonabant precipitates anxiety in rats withdrawn from palatable food: role of the central amygdala. | 2013 | Neuropsychopharmacology | pmid:23793355 |
Bernabò N et al. | Systems biology analysis of the endocannabinoid system reveals a scale-free network with distinct roles for anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2013 | OMICS | pmid:24117401 |
Gesell FK et al. | Alterations of endocannabinoids in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with epileptic seizure disorder. | 2013 | BMC Vet. Res. | pmid:24370333 |
Shinjyo N et al. | Impact of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and γ-aminobutyric acid on astrogliogenesis through the endocannabinoid system. | 2013 | J. Neurosci. Res. | pmid:23633391 |
Malenczyk K et al. | CB1 cannabinoid receptors couple to focal adhesion kinase to control insulin release. | 2013 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:24089517 |
Brocato B et al. | Endocannabinoid crosstalk between placenta and maternal fat in a baboon model (Papio spp.) of obesity. | 2013 | Placenta | pmid:24008071 |
Baur R et al. | Molecular analysis of the site for 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) on the β₂ subunit of GABA(A) receptors. | 2013 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:23600744 |
Feuerecker M et al. | Effect of an acute consumption of a moderate amount of ethanol on plasma endocannabinoid levels in humans. | 2012 May-Jun | Alcohol Alcohol. | pmid:22278319 |
Oleson EB et al. | Endocannabinoids shape accumbal encoding of cue-motivated behavior via CB1 receptor activation in the ventral tegmentum. | 2012 | Neuron | pmid:22284189 |
Xu JY et al. | Long-lasting potentiation of hippocampal synaptic transmission by direct cortical input is mediated via endocannabinoids. | 2012 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:22411015 |
Petrovszki Z et al. | The effects of peptide and lipid endocannabinoids on arthritic pain at the spinal level. | 2012 | Anesth. Analg. | pmid:22451592 |
Tsumura M et al. | TRPV1-mediated calcium signal couples with cannabinoid receptors and sodium-calcium exchangers in rat odontoblasts. | 2012 | Cell Calcium | pmid:22656960 |
Chanda D et al. | Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (Cb1r) disrupts hepatic insulin receptor signaling via cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein H (Crebh)-mediated induction of Lipin1 gene. | 2012 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:22989885 |