2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Dinh TP et al. | A role for monoglyceride lipase in 2-arachidonoylglycerol inactivation. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12505697 |
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Kishimoto S et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol induces the migration of HL-60 cells differentiated into macrophage-like cells and human peripheral blood monocytes through the cannabinoid CB2 receptor-dependent mechanism. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12711605 |
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Oka S et al. | Ether-linked analogue of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (noladin ether) was not detected in the brains of various mammalian species. | 2003 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:12787057 |
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Maccarrone M et al. | Progesterone activates fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) promoter in human T lymphocytes through the transcription factor Ikaros. Evidence for a synergistic effect of leptin. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12799380 |
Patel S et al. | Differential regulation of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol within the limbic forebrain by dopamine receptor activity. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12808005 |
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Obata T et al. | Simultaneous determination of endocannabinoids (arachidonylethanolamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol) and isoprostane (8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring for medical samples. | 2003 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:12829006 |
Watanabe S et al. | n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) deficiency elevates and n-3 PUFA enrichment reduces brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol level in mice. | 2003 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12878451 |
Hanus L et al. | Short-term fasting and prolonged semistarvation have opposite effects on 2-AG levels in mouse brain. | 2003 | Brain Res. | pmid:12914975 |
Franklin A et al. | Palmitoylethanolamide increases after focal cerebral ischemia and potentiates microglial cell motility. | 2003 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:12944505 |
Fowler CJ et al. | Inhibition of C6 glioma cell proliferation by anandamide, 1-arachidonoylglycerol, and by a water soluble phosphate ester of anandamide: variability in response and involvement of arachidonic acid. | 2003 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:12948856 |
Liu J et al. | Lipopolysaccharide induces anandamide synthesis in macrophages via CD14/MAPK/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/NF-kappaB independently of platelet-activating factor. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12949078 |
Walter L and Stella N | Endothelin-1 increases 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) production in astrocytes. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12951660 |
Wallace MJ et al. | The endogenous cannabinoid system regulates seizure frequency and duration in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12954810 |
Mechoulam R and Lichtman AH | Neuroscience. Stout guards of the central nervous system. | 2003 | Science | pmid:14526067 |
Marsicano G et al. | CB1 cannabinoid receptors and on-demand defense against excitotoxicity. | 2003 | Science | pmid:14526074 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Endocannabinoid degradation, endotoxic shock and inflammation. | 2002 | Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy | pmid:14561206 |
Gaetani S et al. | Anandamide hydrolysis: a new target for anti-anxiety drugs? | 2003 | Trends Mol Med | pmid:14604824 |
Bisogno T et al. | Cloning of the first sn1-DAG lipases points to the spatial and temporal regulation of endocannabinoid signaling in the brain. | 2003 | J. Cell Biol. | pmid:14610053 |
Motobe T et al. | Endogenous cannabinoids are candidates for lipid mediators of bone cement implantation syndrome. | 2004 | Shock | pmid:14676677 |
McCarron RM et al. | Antioxidant properties of the vasoactive endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG). | 2003 | Acta Neurochir. Suppl. | pmid:14753451 |
Witting A et al. | P2X7 receptors control 2-arachidonoylglycerol production by microglial cells. | 2004 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:14976257 |
Guo J and Ikeda SR | Endocannabinoids modulate N-type calcium channels and G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels via CB1 cannabinoid receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian neurons. | 2004 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:14978245 |
Saario SM et al. | Monoglyceride lipase-like enzymatic activity is responsible for hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol in rat cerebellar membranes. | 2004 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:15013854 |
Alberich Jordà M et al. | The peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cb2, frequently expressed on AML blasts, either induces a neutrophilic differentiation block or confers abnormal migration properties in a ligand-dependent manner. | 2004 | Blood | pmid:15039279 |
Carrier EJ et al. | Cultured rat microglial cells synthesize the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol, which increases proliferation via a CB2 receptor-dependent mechanism. | 2004 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:15044630 |
Valenti M et al. | Differential diurnal variations of anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol levels in rat brain. | 2004 | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. | pmid:15095014 |
González S et al. | Behavioral and molecular changes elicited by acute administration of SR141716 to Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-tolerant rats: an experimental model of cannabinoid abstinence. | 2004 | Drug Alcohol Depend | pmid:15099659 |
Kishimoto S et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, induces accelerated production of chemokines in HL-60 cells. | 2004 | J. Biochem. | pmid:15115777 |
Hájos N et al. | Endocannabinoid transport tightly controls 2-arachidonoyl glycerol actions in the hippocampus: effects of low temperature and the transport inhibitor AM404. | 2004 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:15182306 |
Kim J and Alger BE | Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 potentiates retrograde endocannabinoid effects in hippocampus. | 2004 | Nat. Neurosci. | pmid:15184902 |
Vannacci A et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol decreases the immunological activation of Guinea pig mast cells: involvement of nitric oxide and eicosanoids. | 2004 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:15187170 |
Witting A et al. | Endocannabinoids accumulate in spinal cord of SOD1 G93A transgenic mice. | 2004 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:15189359 |
Stanke-Labesque F et al. | 2-Arachidonoyl glycerol induces contraction of isolated rat aorta: role of cyclooxygenase-derived products. | 2004 | Cardiovasc. Res. | pmid:15194472 |
Dinh TP et al. | RNA interference suggests a primary role for monoacylglycerol lipase in the degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2004 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:15272052 |
Oka S et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, induces the migration of EoL-1 human eosinophilic leukemia cells and human peripheral blood eosinophils. | 2004 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:15316028 |
Walter L et al. | ATP induces a rapid and pronounced increase in 2-arachidonoylglycerol production by astrocytes, a response limited by monoacylglycerol lipase. | 2004 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:15371507 |
Maestroni GJ | The endogenous cannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol as in vivo chemoattractant for dendritic cells and adjuvant for Th1 response to a soluble protein. | 2004 | FASEB J. | pmid:15385435 |
Gokoh M et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, induces rapid actin polymerization in HL-60 cells differentiated into macrophage-like cells. | 2005 | Biochem. J. | pmid:15456404 |
Piomelli D | The endogenous cannabinoid system and the treatment of marijuana dependence. | 2004 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:15464150 |
Ghafouri N et al. | Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase and fatty acid amide hydrolase by analogues of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2004 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:15492019 |
Rademacher DJ et al. | Waterborne lead exposure affects brain endocannabinoid content in male but not female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). | 2005 | Neurotoxicology | pmid:15527869 |
Gauthier KM et al. | Endothelium-derived 2-arachidonylglycerol: an intermediate in vasodilatory eicosanoid release in bovine coronary arteries. | 2005 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:15528233 |
Malorni W et al. | Morphological evidence that 2-arachidonoylglycerol is a true agonist of human platelets. | 2004 | Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:15543349 |
Golech SA et al. | Human brain endothelium: coexpression and function of vanilloid and endocannabinoid receptors. | 2004 | Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. | pmid:15548432 |
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Maccarrone M et al. | Up-regulation of the endocannabinoid system in the uterus of leptin knockout (ob/ob) mice and implications for fertility. | 2005 | Mol. Hum. Reprod. | pmid:15563449 |
Melis M et al. | Prefrontal cortex stimulation induces 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol-mediated suppression of excitation in dopamine neurons. | 2004 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:15564588 |
Sugiura T et al. | New perspectives in the studies on endocannabinoid and cannabis: 2-arachidonoylglycerol as a possible novel mediator of inflammation. | 2004 | J. Pharmacol. Sci. | pmid:15599096 |
Nithipatikom K et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol: a novel inhibitor of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell invasion. | 2004 | Cancer Res. | pmid:15604240 |
Panikashvili D et al. | CB1 cannabinoid receptors are involved in neuroprotection via NF-kappa B inhibition. | 2005 | J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. | pmid:15729296 |
Gopez JJ et al. | Cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor improves functional outcomes, provides neuroprotection, and reduces inflammation in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. | 2005 | Neurosurgery | pmid:15730585 |
Oka S et al. | Evidence for the involvement of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor and its endogenous ligand 2-arachidonoylglycerol in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced acute inflammation in mouse ear. | 2005 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15749716 |
Kishimoto S et al. | Endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand induces the migration of human natural killer cells. | 2005 | J. Biochem. | pmid:15749836 |
Julien B et al. | Antifibrogenic role of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 in the liver. | 2005 | Gastroenterology | pmid:15765409 |
Kaplan BL et al. | 2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol suppresses interferon-gamma production in phorbol ester/ionomycin-activated mouse splenocytes independent of CB1 or CB2. | 2005 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:15774549 |
Kurabayashi M et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol increases in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver. | 2005 Jan-Feb | J Invest Surg | pmid:15804949 |
Chen J et al. | Finding of endocannabinoids in human eye tissues: implications for glaucoma. | 2005 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15823551 |
Harada N et al. | Effects of cannabinoids on colonic muscle contractility and tension in guinea pigs. | 2005 | J Nippon Med Sch | pmid:15834207 |
Sipe JC et al. | Reduced endocannabinoid immune modulation by a common cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor gene polymorphism: possible risk for autoimmune disorders. | 2005 | J. Leukoc. Biol. | pmid:15845647 |
Zhao Q et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol stimulates activator protein-1-dependent transcriptional activity and enhances epidermal growth factor-induced cell transformation in JB6 P+ cells. | 2005 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15886210 |
van der Stelt M et al. | A role for endocannabinoids in the generation of parkinsonism and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP-lesioned non-human primate models of Parkinson's disease. | 2005 | FASEB J. | pmid:15894565 |
Venderova K et al. | Differential effects of endocannabinoids on [(3)H]-GABA uptake in the rat globus pallidus. | 2005 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:15899265 |
Kola B et al. | Cannabinoids and ghrelin have both central and peripheral metabolic and cardiac effects via AMP-activated protein kinase. | 2005 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15899896 |
Shoemaker JL et al. | The endocannabinoid noladin ether acts as a full agonist at human CB2 cannabinoid receptors. | 2005 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:15901805 |
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Nithipatikom K et al. | A new class of inhibitors of 2-arachidonoylglycerol hydrolysis and invasion of prostate cancer cells. | 2005 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:15919052 |
Darmani NA et al. | Cisplatin increases brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and concomitantly reduces intestinal 2-AG and anandamide levels in the least shrew. | 2005 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:15921709 |
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Saario SM et al. | Characterization of the sulfhydryl-sensitive site in the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol in rat cerebellar membranes. | 2005 | Chem. Biol. | pmid:15975510 |
Ramos JA et al. | Therapeutic potential of the endocannabinoid system in the brain. | 2005 | Mini Rev Med Chem | pmid:16026307 |
Maejima T et al. | Synaptically driven endocannabinoid release requires Ca2+-assisted metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 to phospholipase Cbeta4 signaling cascade in the cerebellum. | 2005 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:16033892 |
Jung KM et al. | Stimulation of endocannabinoid formation in brain slice cultures through activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. | 2005 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:16051747 |
Wahn H et al. | The endocannabinoid arachidonyl ethanolamide (anandamide) increases pulmonary arterial pressure via cyclooxygenase-2 products in isolated rabbit lungs. | 2005 | Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. | pmid:16055511 |
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Shoemaker JL et al. | Agonist-directed trafficking of response by endocannabinoids acting at CB2 receptors. | 2005 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:16081674 |
Avraham Y et al. | Endocannabinoids affect neurological and cognitive function in thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in mice. | 2006 | Neurobiol. Dis. | pmid:16102970 |
Secko D | Analgesia through endogenous cannabinoids. | 2005 | CMAJ | pmid:16103504 |
Wagner JA et al. | Coronary vasodilator effects of endogenous cannabinoids in vasopressin-preconstricted unpaced rat isolated hearts. | 2005 | J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. | pmid:16116341 |
Makara JK et al. | Selective inhibition of 2-AG hydrolysis enhances endocannabinoid signaling in hippocampus. | 2005 | Nat. Neurosci. | pmid:16116451 |
McPartland JM et al. | Cannabimimetic effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment. | 2005 | J Am Osteopath Assoc | pmid:16118355 |
Sancho R et al. | Mechanisms of HIV-1 inhibition by the lipid mediator N-arachidonoyldopamine. | 2005 | J. Immunol. | pmid:16148147 |
Hayase T et al. | Persistent anxiogenic effects of a single or repeated doses of cocaine and methamphetamine: interactions with endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands. | 2005 | Behav Pharmacol | pmid:16148444 |
Gabbay E et al. | Endocannabinoids and liver disease--review. | 2005 | Liver Int. | pmid:16162147 |
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Vandevoorde S et al. | Influence of the degree of unsaturation of the acyl side chain upon the interaction of analogues of 1-arachidonoylglycerol with monoacylglycerol lipase and fatty acid amide hydrolase. | 2005 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:16181610 |