2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Yuan S and Burrell BD | Nonnociceptive afferent activity depresses nocifensive behavior and nociceptive synapses via an endocannabinoid-dependent mechanism. | 2013 | J. Neurophysiol. | pmid:24027102 |
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Limebeer CL et al. | Attenuation of anticipatory nausea in a rat model of contextually elicited conditioned gaping by enhancement of the endocannabinoid system. | 2014 | Psychopharmacology (Berl.) | pmid:24043345 |
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Alhouayek M et al. | Implication of the anti-inflammatory bioactive lipid prostaglandin D2-glycerol ester in the control of macrophage activation and inflammation by ABHD6. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:24101490 |
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Brantl SA et al. | Activation of platelets by the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol and virodhamine is mediated by their conversion to arachidonic acid and thromboxane A2, not by activation of cannabinoid receptors. | 2014 | Platelets | pmid:24102401 |
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Valdeolivas S et al. | The inhibition of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) biosynthesis, rather than enhancing striatal damage, protects striatal neurons from malonate-induced death: a potential role of cyclooxygenase-2-dependent metabolism of 2-AG. | 2013 | Cell Death Dis | pmid:24136226 |
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Costa MA et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol effects in cytotrophoblasts: metabolic enzymes expression and apoptosis in BeWo cells. | 2014 | Reproduction | pmid:24324206 |
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Laitinen T et al. | Mutation of Cys242 of human monoacylglycerol lipase disrupts balanced hydrolysis of 1- and 2-monoacylglycerols and selectively impairs inhibitor potency. | 2014 | Mol. Pharmacol. | pmid:24368842 |
Gesell FK et al. | Alterations of endocannabinoids in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with epileptic seizure disorder. | 2013 | BMC Vet. Res. | pmid:24370333 |
Fowler CJ | Has FLAT fallen flat? | 2014 | Trends Pharmacol. Sci. | pmid:24398120 |
Tiburu EK and Shen L | Distance measurements and conformational analysis of sn-2-arachidonoylglycerol-membrane sample by ²H-³¹P REDOR NMR. | 2014 | J. Membr. Biol. | pmid:24402242 |
Nicolussi S et al. | Guineensine is a novel inhibitor of endocannabinoid uptake showing cannabimimetic behavioral effects in BALB/c mice. | 2014 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:24412246 |
Krishnan G and Chatterjee N | Endocannabinoids affect innate immunity of Muller glia during HIV-1 Tat cytotoxicity. | 2014 | Mol. Cell. Neurosci. | pmid:24418364 |
Thieme U et al. | Quantification of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol plasma levels to examine potential influences of tetrahydrocannabinol application on the endocannabinoid system in humans. | 2014 Jan-Feb | Drug Test Anal | pmid:24424856 |
Rea K et al. | Microinjection of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol into the rat ventral hippocampus differentially modulates contextually induced fear, depending on a persistent pain state. | 2014 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:24494683 |
Zheng Y et al. | Dexamethasone alleviates motion sickness in rats in part by enhancing the endocannabinoid system. | 2014 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:24508383 |
Lu Y et al. | Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol protects primary cultured neurons against LPS-induced impairments in rat caudate nucleus. | 2014 | J. Mol. Neurosci. | pmid:24510751 |
Pava MJ et al. | Endocannabinoid modulation of cortical up-states and NREM sleep. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | pmid:24520411 |
Chiou LC et al. | Targeting the cannabinoid system for pain relief? | 2013 | Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan | pmid:24529672 |
Larose MC et al. | Mechanisms of human eosinophil migration induced by the combination of IL-5 and the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol. | 2014 | J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | pmid:24530098 |
Sanson B et al. | Crystallographic study of FABP5 as an intracellular endocannabinoid transporter. | 2014 | Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. | pmid:24531463 |
Stanley CP and O'Sullivan SE | Cyclooxygenase metabolism mediates vasorelaxation to 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in human mesenteric arteries. | 2014 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:24548820 |
Chianese R et al. | Hypothalamus-pituitary axis: an obligatory target for endocannabinoids to inhibit steroidogenesis in frog testis. | 2014 | Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. | pmid:24566122 |
Pastor A et al. | Analysis of ECs and related compounds in plasma: artifactual isomerization and ex vivo enzymatic generation of 2-MGs. | 2014 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:24610889 |
Basavarajappa BS et al. | Elevation of endogenous anandamide impairs LTP, learning, and memory through CB1 receptor signaling in mice. | 2014 | Hippocampus | pmid:24648181 |
Smaga I et al. | Antidepressants and changes in concentration of endocannabinoids and N-acylethanolamines in rat brain structures. | 2014 | Neurotox Res | pmid:24652522 |
den Boon FS et al. | Endocannabinoids produced upon action potential firing evoke a Cl(-) current via type-2 cannabinoid receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex. | 2014 | Pflugers Arch. | pmid:24671573 |
Kohnz RA and Nomura DK | Chemical approaches to therapeutically target the metabolism and signaling of the endocannabinoid 2-AG and eicosanoids. | 2014 | Chem Soc Rev | pmid:24676249 |
Sun LJ et al. | Endocannabinoid system activation contributes to glucose metabolism disorders of hepatocytes and promotes hepatitis C virus replication. | 2014 | Int. J. Infect. Dis. | pmid:24704332 |
Nader J et al. | Prior stimulation of the endocannabinoid system prevents methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in the striatum through activation of CB2 receptors. | 2014 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:24709540 |
Gasperi V et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol modulates human endothelial cell/leukocyte interactions by controlling selectin expression through CB1 and CB2 receptors. | 2014 | Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. | pmid:24721209 |
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Pascual AC et al. | Cannabinoid receptor-dependent metabolism of 2-arachidonoylglycerol during aging. | 2014 | Exp. Gerontol. | pmid:24768821 |
Park SW et al. | Anticancer effects of anandamide on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells via the production of receptor-independent reactive oxygen species. | 2015 | Head Neck | pmid:24797795 |
Scotchie JG et al. | Endocannabinoid regulation in human endometrium across the menstrual cycle. | 2015 | Reprod Sci | pmid:24819878 |
Jergas B et al. | O-2050 facilitates noradrenaline release and increases the CB1 receptor inverse agonistic effect of rimonabant in the guinea pig hippocampus. | 2014 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. | pmid:24853577 |
Kim J and Watkins BA | Cannabinoid receptor antagonists and fatty acids alter endocannabinoid system gene expression and COX activity. | 2014 | J. Nutr. Biochem. | pmid:24854955 |
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Navarria A et al. | The dual blocker of FAAH/TRPV1 N-arachidonoylserotonin reverses the behavioral despair induced by stress in rats and modulates the HPA-axis. | 2014 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:24861565 |
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Tsurumura T and Tsuge H | Substrate selectivity of bacterial monoacylglycerol lipase based on crystal structure. | 2014 | J. Struct. Funct. Genomics | pmid:24894647 |
Petrenko AB et al. | Augmented tonic pain-related behavior in knockout mice lacking monoacylglycerol lipase, a major degrading enzyme for the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2014 | Behav. Brain Res. | pmid:24906199 |
Iannotti FA et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-AG controls skeletal muscle cell differentiation via CB1 receptor-dependent inhibition of Kv7 channels. | 2014 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:24927567 |
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Pulgar VM et al. | Increased angiotensin II contraction of the uterine artery at early gestation in a transgenic model of hypertensive pregnancy is reduced by inhibition of endocannabinoid hydrolysis. | 2014 | Hypertension | pmid:24935942 |
Nithipatikom K et al. | A novel activity of microsomal epoxide hydrolase: metabolism of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2014 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:24958911 |
Fernández-Suárez D et al. | Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 is neuroprotective and alters glial cell phenotype in the chronic MPTP mouse model. | 2014 | Neurobiol. Aging | pmid:24973119 |
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Cipriano M et al. | The influence of monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition upon the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. | 2014 | BMC Res Notes | pmid:25012825 |
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Fezza F et al. | Distinct modulation of the endocannabinoid system upon kainic acid-induced in vivo seizures and in vitro epileptiform bursting. | 2014 | Mol. Cell. Neurosci. | pmid:25064144 |
Signorello MG and Leoncini G | Effect of 2-arachidonoylglycerol on myosin light chain phosphorylation and platelet activation: The role of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT pathway. | 2014 | Biochimie | pmid:25068972 |
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Yang K et al. | Differential regulation of NMDAR and NMDAR-mediated metaplasticity by anandamide and 2-AG in the hippocampus. | 2014 | Hippocampus | pmid:25087967 |
Zhang Z et al. | Blockade of 2-arachidonoylglycerol hydrolysis produces antidepressant-like effects and enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. | 2015 | Hippocampus | pmid:25131612 |
Katz PS et al. | Endocannabinoid degradation inhibition improves neurobehavioral function, blood-brain barrier integrity, and neuroinflammation following mild traumatic brain injury. | 2015 | J. Neurotrauma | pmid:25166905 |
Costa MA et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol impairs human cytotrophoblast cells syncytialization: influence of endocannabinoid signalling in placental development. | 2015 | Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. | pmid:25199616 |
Özdemir B et al. | Endocannabinoids and inflammatory response in periodontal ligament cells. | 2014 | PLoS ONE | pmid:25226300 |
Melis M et al. | Enhanced endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of rostromedial tegmental nucleus drive onto dopamine neurons in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats. | 2014 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:25232109 |
Koltyn KF et al. | Mechanisms of exercise-induced hypoalgesia. | 2014 | J Pain | pmid:25261342 |
McDougle DR et al. | Endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are substrates for human CYP2J2 epoxygenase. | 2014 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:25277139 |
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Pérez-Morales M et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol into the lateral hypothalamus improves reduced sleep in adult rats subjected to maternal separation. | 2014 | Neuroreport | pmid:25356522 |
Hanlon EC et al. | Circadian rhythm of circulating levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2015 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:25368979 |
Zhang J et al. | Synaptic and cognitive improvements by inhibition of 2-AG metabolism are through upregulation of microRNA-188-3p in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. | 2014 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:25378159 |
Alhouayek M et al. | N-Acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition increases colon N-palmitoylethanolamine levels and counteracts murine colitis. | 2015 | FASEB J. | pmid:25384424 |
Gasperi V et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol enhances platelet formation from human megakaryoblasts. | 2014 | Cell Cycle | pmid:25427281 |
Pacioni G et al. | Truffles contain endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes and anandamide. | 2015 | Phytochemistry | pmid:25433633 |
Shonesy BC et al. | Genetic disruption of 2-arachidonoylglycerol synthesis reveals a key role for endocannabinoid signaling in anxiety modulation. | 2014 | Cell Rep | pmid:25466252 |
Shonesy BC et al. | The initiation of synaptic 2-AG mobilization requires both an increased supply of diacylglycerol precursor and increased postsynaptic calcium. | 2015 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:25484252 |
Morena M et al. | Endogenous cannabinoid release within prefrontal-limbic pathways affects memory consolidation of emotional training. | 2014 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:25489086 |
Zhang J et al. | Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase prevents chronic traumatic encephalopathy-like neuropathology in a mouse model of repetitive mild closed head injury. | 2015 | J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. | pmid:25492114 |
Pasquarelli N et al. | Comparative biochemical characterization of the monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor KML29 in brain, spinal cord, liver, spleen, fat and muscle tissue. | 2015 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:25497453 |
Sticht MA et al. | Intra-visceral insular cortex 2-arachidonoylglycerol, but not N-arachidonoylethanolamide, suppresses acute nausea-induced conditioned gaping in rats. | 2015 | Neuroscience | pmid:25499318 |
Ford GK et al. | Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in attentional modulation of nociceptive behaviour in rats. | 2015 | Eur J Pain | pmid:25504741 |
Ivanov I et al. | A simple method for simultaneous determination of N-arachidonoylethanolamine, N-oleoylethanolamine, N-palmitoylethanolamine and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in human cells. | 2015 | Anal Bioanal Chem | pmid:25519724 |
Marcaggi P | Cerebellar endocannabinoids: retrograde signaling from purkinje cells. | 2015 | Cerebellum | pmid:25520276 |
Urquhart P et al. | Endocannabinoids and their oxygenation by cyclo-oxygenases, lipoxygenases and other oxygenases. | 2015 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:25543004 |