| MeSH term | MeSH ID | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer Disease | D000544 | 76 associated lipids |
| Arthritis, Experimental | D001169 | 24 associated lipids |
| Body Weight | D001835 | 333 associated lipids |
| Brain Concussion | D001924 | 5 associated lipids |
| Brain Edema | D001929 | 20 associated lipids |
| Cardiovascular Diseases | D002318 | 24 associated lipids |
| Catalepsy | D002375 | 30 associated lipids |
| Brain Ischemia | D002545 | 89 associated lipids |
| Colitis | D003092 | 69 associated lipids |
| Dermatitis, Contact | D003877 | 59 associated lipids |
2-arachidonoylglycerol
2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
Cross Reference
Introduction
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
What diseases are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Related references are mostly published in these journals:
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
Possible diseases from mapped MeSH terms on references
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
PubChem Associated disorders and diseases
What pathways are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways
Link to PubChem Biomolecular Interactions and PathwaysWhat cellular locations are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
Visualization in cellular structure
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
What functions are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
What lipids are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
What genes are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
What common seen animal models are associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol?
Knock-out
Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Related references are published most in these journals:
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
Loading... please refresh the page if content is not showing up.
NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
All references with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
Download all related citations| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MacCarrone M et al. | Human platelets bind and degrade 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which activates these cells through a cannabinoid receptor. | 2001 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:11168423 |
| Bisogno T et al. | The uptake by cells of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous agonist of cannabinoid receptors. | 2001 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:11277920 |
| Di Marzo V et al. | Biosynthesis and inactivation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in circulating and tumoral macrophages. | 1999 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:10447696 |
| Matias I et al. | Presence and regulation of the endocannabinoid system in human dendritic cells. | 2002 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:12153574 |
| Di Marzo V et al. | Role of insulin as a negative regulator of plasma endocannabinoid levels in obese and nonobese subjects. | 2009 | Eur. J. Endocrinol. | pmid:19745037 |
| Sido JM et al. | Production of endocannabinoids by activated TÂ cells and BÂ cells modulates inflammation associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. | 2016 | Eur. J. Immunol. | pmid:27064137 |
| Ryan D et al. | Interactions of cannabidiol with endocannabinoid signalling in hippocampal tissue. | 2007 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:17419758 |
| Béquet F et al. | CB1 receptor-mediated control of the release of endocannabinoids (as assessed by microdialysis coupled with LC/MS) in the rat hypothalamus. | 2007 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:18052990 |
| Hájos N et al. | Endocannabinoid transport tightly controls 2-arachidonoyl glycerol actions in the hippocampus: effects of low temperature and the transport inhibitor AM404. | 2004 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:15182306 |
| Kortleven C et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol inhibits long-term potentiation of glutamatergic synapses onto ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons in mice. | 2011 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:21410793 |
| Nyilas R et al. | Molecular architecture of endocannabinoid signaling at nociceptive synapses mediating analgesia. | 2009 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:19453631 |
| Rea K et al. | Microinjection of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol into the rat ventral hippocampus differentially modulates contextually induced fear, depending on a persistent pain state. | 2014 | Eur. J. Neurosci. | pmid:24494683 |
| Petrenko AB et al. | Genetic inactivation and prolonged pharmacologic inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase have opposite effects on anesthetic sensitivity to propofol. | 2015 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:26318148 |
| Fride E et al. | Milk intake and survival in newborn cannabinoid CB1 receptor knockout mice: evidence for a "CB3" receptor. | 2003 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12568912 |
| Wiley JL et al. | Endocannabinoid contribution to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol discrimination in rodents. | 2014 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:24858366 |
| Gallily R et al. | 2-Arachidonylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in murine macrophages, and in mice. | 2000 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11011050 |
| Kojima S et al. | Contractile response to a cannabimimetic eicosanoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, of longitudinal smooth muscle from the guinea-pig distal colon in vitro. | 2002 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12063081 |
| Shimizu T and Yokotani K | Bidirectional roles of the brain 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol in the centrally administered vasopressin-induced adrenomedullary outflow in rats. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18234185 |
| Smid SD et al. | The endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol inhibit cholinergic contractility in the human colon. | 2007 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17706636 |
| Mechoulam R et al. | Endocannabinoids. | 1998 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9831287 |
| Shimizu T et al. | Endogenously generated 2-arachidonoylglycerol plays an inhibitory role in bombesin-induced activation of central adrenomedullary outflow in rats. | 2011 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:21371452 |
| Stella N and Piomelli D | Receptor-dependent formation of endogenous cannabinoids in cortical neurons. | 2001 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11513837 |
| Hill MN et al. | Chronic corticosterone treatment increases the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol in the rat amygdala. | 2005 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16324692 |
| Deshpande LS et al. | Endocannabinoids block status epilepticus in cultured hippocampal neurons. | 2007 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:17174949 |
| Mukherjee S et al. | Species comparison and pharmacological characterization of rat and human CB2 cannabinoid receptors. | 2004 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:15556131 |
| Kagota S et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, a candidate of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. | 2001 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11275004 |
| Zheng Y et al. | Dexamethasone alleviates motion sickness in rats in part by enhancing the endocannabinoid system. | 2014 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:24508383 |
| Ben-Shabat S et al. | An entourage effect: inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. | 1998 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9721036 |
| Oka S et al. | Suppression by WIN55212-2, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, of inflammatory reactions in mouse ear: Interference with the actions of an endogenous ligand, 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2006 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:16647054 |
| Mechoulam R et al. | Carbachol, an acetylcholine receptor agonist, enhances production in rat aorta of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, a hypotensive endocannabinoid. | 1998 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:9865537 |
| Di Marzo V et al. | Neurobehavioral activity in mice of N-vanillyl-arachidonyl-amide. | 2000 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11040343 |
| Thors L and Fowler CJ | Effect of nitric oxide donors on membrane tritium accumulation of endocannabinoids and related endogenous lipids. | 2009 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:19715690 |
| Nabemoto M et al. | Release of arachidonic acid by 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and HU210 in PC12 cells; roles of Src, phospholipase C and cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha. | 2008 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:18539271 |
| Shimizu T et al. | Possible inhibitory roles of endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol during corticotropin-releasing factor-induced activation of central sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in anesthetized rats. | 2010 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:20519139 |
| Evagorou A et al. | Hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol in Tetrahymena thermophila. Identification and partial characterization of a Monoacylglycerol Lipase-like enzyme. | 2010 | Eur. J. Protistol. | pmid:20889319 |
| Frampton G et al. | Opposing actions of endocannabinoids on cholangiocarcinoma growth is via the differential activation of Notch signaling. | 2010 | Exp. Cell Res. | pmid:20347808 |
| Jumpertz R et al. | Circulating endocannabinoids and N-acyl-ethanolamides in patients with sleep apnea--specific role of oleoylethanolamide. | 2010 | Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes | pmid:20429051 |
| Njie YF et al. | Aqueous humor outflow effects of 2-arachidonylglycerol. | 2008 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:18597752 |
| Pascual AC et al. | Cannabinoid receptor-dependent metabolism of 2-arachidonoylglycerol during aging. | 2014 | Exp. Gerontol. | pmid:24768821 |
| Köse S et al. | Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells secrete endocannabinoids that stimulate in vitro hematopoietic stem cell migration effectively comparable to beta-adrenergic stimulation. | 2018 | Exp. Hematol. | pmid:29030083 |
| Venderova K et al. | Differential effects of endocannabinoids on [(3)H]-GABA uptake in the rat globus pallidus. | 2005 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:15899265 |
| Kreutz S et al. | Cannabinoids and neuronal damage: differential effects of THC, AEA and 2-AG on activated microglial cells and degenerating neurons in excitotoxically lesioned rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. | 2007 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:17010339 |
| Zheng G et al. | Chronic stress and peripheral pain: Evidence for distinct, region-specific changes in visceral and somatosensory pain regulatory pathways. | 2015 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:26408049 |
| Mounsey RB et al. | Increasing levels of the endocannabinoid 2-AG is neuroprotective in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease. | 2015 | Exp. Neurol. | pmid:26244281 |
| Granchi C et al. | A patent review of Monoacylglycerol Lipase (MAGL) inhibitors (2013-2017). | 2017 | Expert Opin Ther Pat | pmid:29053063 |
| van der Stelt M et al. | A role for endocannabinoids in the generation of parkinsonism and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP-lesioned non-human primate models of Parkinson's disease. | 2005 | FASEB J. | pmid:15894565 |
| DiPatrizio NV et al. | Endocannabinoid signaling in the gut mediates preference for dietary unsaturated fats. | 2013 | FASEB J. | pmid:23463697 |
| Bátkai S et al. | Cannabinoid-2 receptor mediates protection against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. | 2007 | FASEB J. | pmid:17327359 |
| Siegmund SV et al. | The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol induces death of hepatic stellate cells via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. | 2007 | FASEB J. | pmid:17440119 |
| Karwad MA et al. | The role of CB in intestinal permeability and inflammation. | 2017 | FASEB J. | pmid:28404744 |
| Maestroni GJ | The endogenous cannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol as in vivo chemoattractant for dendritic cells and adjuvant for Th1 response to a soluble protein. | 2004 | FASEB J. | pmid:15385435 |
| Tam J et al. | The cannabinoid CB1 receptor regulates bone formation by modulating adrenergic signaling. | 2008 | FASEB J. | pmid:17704191 |
| Baker D et al. | Endocannabinoids control spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model. | 2001 | FASEB J. | pmid:11156943 |
| Alhouayek M et al. | Increasing endogenous 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels counteracts colitis and related systemic inflammation. | 2011 | FASEB J. | pmid:21551239 |
| D'Argenio G et al. | Up-regulation of anandamide levels as an endogenous mechanism and a pharmacological strategy to limit colon inflammation. | 2006 | FASEB J. | pmid:16403786 |
| Alhouayek M et al. | N-Acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition increases colon N-palmitoylethanolamine levels and counteracts murine colitis. | 2015 | FASEB J. | pmid:25384424 |
| Di Marzo V et al. | Enhanced levels of endogenous cannabinoids in the globus pallidus are associated with a reduction in movement in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. | 2000 | FASEB J. | pmid:10877836 |
| Berdyshev EV et al. | Activation of PAF receptors results in enhanced synthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in immune cells. | 2001 | FASEB J. | pmid:11641243 |
| Ueda N et al. | Metabolism of endocannabinoids and related N-acylethanolamines: canonical and alternative pathways. | 2013 | FEBS J. | pmid:23425575 |
| Bari M et al. | In vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease show alterations in the endocannabinoid system. | 2013 | FEBS J. | pmid:23659592 |
| Gokoh M et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, enhances the adhesion of HL-60 cells differentiated into macrophage-like cells and human peripheral blood monocytes. | 2005 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:16288744 |
| Kondo S et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist: identification as one of the major species of monoacylglycerols in various rat tissues, and evidence for its generation through CA2+-dependent and -independent mechanisms. | 1998 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:9650580 |
| Goparaju SK et al. | Anandamide amidohydrolase reacting with 2-arachidonoylglycerol, another cannabinoid receptor ligand. | 1998 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:9475172 |
| Opitz CA et al. | Production of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol by endothelial progenitor cells. | 2007 | FEBS Lett. | pmid:17904123 |
| Juan CC et al. | Endocannabinoid system activation may be associated with insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. | 2015 | Fertil. Steril. | pmid:25935491 |
| Maeda N et al. | Increased serum anandamide level at ruptured plaque site in patients with acute myocardial infarction. | 2009 | Fundam Clin Pharmacol | pmid:19527302 |
| Julien B et al. | Antifibrogenic role of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 in the liver. | 2005 | Gastroenterology | pmid:15765409 |
| Sharkey KA and Wiley JW | The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Brain-Gut Axis. | 2016 | Gastroenterology | pmid:27133395 |
| Piccinetti CC et al. | Anandamide and AM251, via water, modulate food intake at central and peripheral level in fish. | 2010 | Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. | pmid:19800340 |
| Chianese R et al. | Hypothalamus-pituitary axis: an obligatory target for endocannabinoids to inhibit steroidogenesis in frog testis. | 2014 | Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. | pmid:24566122 |
| Vignali M et al. | The endocannabinoid anandamide inhibits potassium conductance in rat cortical astrocytes. | 2009 | Glia | pmid:19031444 |
| Mecha M et al. | 2-AG limits Theiler's virus induced acute neuroinflammation by modulating microglia and promoting MDSCs. | 2018 | Glia | pmid:29484707 |
| Walter L and Stella N | Endothelin-1 increases 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) production in astrocytes. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12951660 |
| Krishnan G and Chatterjee N | Endocannabinoids alleviate proinflammatory conditions by modulating innate immune response in muller glia during inflammation. | 2012 | Glia | pmid:22807196 |
| Facchinetti F et al. | Cannabinoids ablate release of TNFalpha in rat microglial cells stimulated with lypopolysaccharide. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12509806 |
| Gomez O et al. | The constitutive production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol participates in oligodendrocyte differentiation. | 2010 | Glia | pmid:20878765 |
| Kreutz S et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol elicits neuroprotective effects on excitotoxically lesioned dentate gyrus granule cells via abnormal-cannabidiol-sensitive receptors on microglial cells. | 2009 | Glia | pmid:18837048 |
| Guagnini F et al. | Neural contractions in colonic strips from patients with diverticular disease: role of endocannabinoids and substance P. | 2006 | Gut | pmid:16423891 |
| Cascio MG and Marini P | Biosynthesis and Fate of Endocannabinoids. | 2015 | Handb Exp Pharmacol | pmid:26408157 |
| Park SW et al. | Anticancer effects of anandamide on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells via the production of receptor-independent reactive oxygen species. | 2015 | Head Neck | pmid:24797795 |
| Zhang Z et al. | Blockade of 2-arachidonoylglycerol hydrolysis produces antidepressant-like effects and enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. | 2015 | Hippocampus | pmid:25131612 |
| Basavarajappa BS et al. | Elevation of endogenous anandamide impairs LTP, learning, and memory through CB1 receptor signaling in mice. | 2014 | Hippocampus | pmid:24648181 |
| Hill MN et al. | Prolonged glucocorticoid treatment decreases cannabinoid CB1 receptor density in the hippocampus. | 2008 | Hippocampus | pmid:18058925 |
| Yang K et al. | Differential regulation of NMDAR and NMDAR-mediated metaplasticity by anandamide and 2-AG in the hippocampus. | 2014 | Hippocampus | pmid:25087967 |
| Francou MM et al. | Human sperm motility, capacitation and acrosome reaction are impaired by 2-arachidonoylglycerol endocannabinoid. | 2017 | Histol. Histopathol. | pmid:28585678 |
| Járai Z et al. | Cardiovascular effects of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in anesthetized mice. | 2000 | Hypertension | pmid:10679517 |
| Wagner JA et al. | Mesenteric vasodilation mediated by endothelial anandamide receptors. | 1999 | Hypertension | pmid:9931142 |
| Pulgar VM et al. | Increased angiotensin II contraction of the uterine artery at early gestation in a transgenic model of hypertensive pregnancy is reduced by inhibition of endocannabinoid hydrolysis. | 2014 | Hypertension | pmid:24935942 |
| Shiratsuchi A et al. | Involvement of cannabinoid receptor CB2 in dectin-1-mediated macrophage phagocytosis. | 2008 | Immunol. Cell Biol. | pmid:17909562 |
| Vannacci A et al. | Down-regulation by cannabinoids of the immunological activation of human basophils and guinea pig mast cells. | 2002 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:12013387 |
| Vannacci A et al. | Nitric oxide modulates the inhibitory effect of cannabinoids on the immunological activation of guinea pig mast cells. | 2003 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:12755386 |
| Nagappan A et al. | Protective Effects of Gomisin N against Hepatic Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor-Induced Insulin Resistance and Gluconeogenesis. | 2018 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:29570673 |
| Patsenker E et al. | Elevated levels of endocannabinoids in chronic hepatitis C may modulate cellular immune response and hepatic stellate cell activation. | 2015 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:25826533 |
| Tegeder I | Endocannabinoids as Guardians of Metastasis. | 2016 | Int J Mol Sci | pmid:26875980 |
| Gatta-Cherifi B et al. | Simultaneous postprandial deregulation of the orexigenic endocannabinoid anandamide and the anorexigenic peptide YY in obesity. | 2012 | Int J Obes (Lond) | pmid:21844878 |
| Mechoulam R et al. | Endocannabinoids, feeding and suckling--from our perspective. | 2006 | Int J Obes (Lond) | pmid:16570101 |
| Matias I et al. | Endogenous cannabinoids in the brain and peripheral tissues: regulation of their levels and control of food intake. | 2006 | Int J Obes (Lond) | pmid:16570107 |
| Côté M et al. | Circulating endocannabinoid levels, abdominal adiposity and related cardiometabolic risk factors in obese men. | 2007 | Int J Obes (Lond) | pmid:17224929 |
| Mimura T et al. | Involvement of the endogenous cannabinoid 2 ligand 2-arachidonyl glycerol in allergic inflammation. | 2012 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:22652530 |
| Kishimoto S et al. | Chemotaxis of human peripheral blood eosinophils to 2-arachidonoylglycerol: comparison with other eosinophil chemoattractants. | 2006 | Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. | pmid:16772720 |