2-arachidonoylglycerol is a lipid of Glycerolipids (GL) class. 2-arachidonoylglycerol is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Inflammatory disorder, Colitis and Peripheral Neuropathy. The involved functions are known as Immunoreactivity, inhibitors, Stimulus, Esthesia and Signal Transduction. 2-arachidonoylglycerol often locates in Back, Presynaptic Terminals, Brain region, Blood and Body tissue. The associated genes with 2-arachidonoylglycerol are ADRBK1 gene, Homologous Gene, MGLL gene, PLA2G4A gene and peptide V. The related lipids are oleoylethanolamide, Lipopolysaccharides, Promega, stearic acid and 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol. The related experimental models are Knock-out.
To understand associated biological information of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
2-arachidonoylglycerol is suspected in Atherosclerosis, Heart Diseases, Sweet's Syndrome, Colitis, Dehydration, Diabetes and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
---|
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 2-arachidonoylglycerol
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Knock-out are used in the study 'Phenotypic assessment of THC discriminative stimulus properties in fatty acid amide hydrolase knockout and wildtype mice.' (Walentiny DM et al., 2015), Knock-out are used in the study 'Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 (ABHD6) and 12 (ABHD12).' (Navia-Paldanius D et al., 2012) and Knock-out are used in the study 'Metabolic Interplay between Astrocytes and Neurons Regulates Endocannabinoid Action.' (Viader A et al., 2015).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
---|
Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jordà MA et al. | The peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cb2, a novel oncoprotein, induces a reversible block in neutrophilic differentiation. | 2003 | Blood | pmid:12406867 |
Viganò D et al. | Chronic morphine modulates the contents of the endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, in rat brain. | 2003 | Neuropsychopharmacology | pmid:12637958 |
Oka S et al. | Ether-linked analogue of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (noladin ether) was not detected in the brains of various mammalian species. | 2003 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:12787057 |
Jorda MA et al. | Identification, characterization, and function of a novel oncogene: the peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cb2. | 2003 | Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | pmid:12799277 |
Walter L and Stella N | Endothelin-1 increases 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) production in astrocytes. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12951660 |
Wallace MJ et al. | The endogenous cannabinoid system regulates seizure frequency and duration in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12954810 |
Vannacci A et al. | Nitric oxide modulates the inhibitory effect of cannabinoids on the immunological activation of guinea pig mast cells. | 2003 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:12755386 |
Kishimoto S et al. | 2-arachidonoylglycerol induces the migration of HL-60 cells differentiated into macrophage-like cells and human peripheral blood monocytes through the cannabinoid CB2 receptor-dependent mechanism. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12711605 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Activation of human platelets by 2-arachidonoylglycerol is enhanced by serotonin. | 2003 | Thromb. Haemost. | pmid:12574815 |
Walter L et al. | Nonpsychotropic cannabinoid receptors regulate microglial cell migration. | 2003 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:12598628 |
Fride E et al. | Milk intake and survival in newborn cannabinoid CB1 receptor knockout mice: evidence for a "CB3" receptor. | 2003 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12568912 |
Fowler CJ et al. | Inhibition of C6 glioma cell proliferation by anandamide, 1-arachidonoylglycerol, and by a water soluble phosphate ester of anandamide: variability in response and involvement of arachidonic acid. | 2003 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:12948856 |
Patel S et al. | Differential regulation of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol within the limbic forebrain by dopamine receptor activity. | 2003 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12808005 |
Watanabe S et al. | n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) deficiency elevates and n-3 PUFA enrichment reduces brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol level in mice. | 2003 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12878451 |
Hanus L et al. | Short-term fasting and prolonged semistarvation have opposite effects on 2-AG levels in mouse brain. | 2003 | Brain Res. | pmid:12914975 |
Obata T et al. | Simultaneous determination of endocannabinoids (arachidonylethanolamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol) and isoprostane (8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring for medical samples. | 2003 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:12829006 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Progesterone activates fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) promoter in human T lymphocytes through the transcription factor Ikaros. Evidence for a synergistic effect of leptin. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12799380 |
Franklin A et al. | Palmitoylethanolamide increases after focal cerebral ischemia and potentiates microglial cell motility. | 2003 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:12944505 |
Liu J et al. | Lipopolysaccharide induces anandamide synthesis in macrophages via CD14/MAPK/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/NF-kappaB independently of platelet-activating factor. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12949078 |
Derkinderen P et al. | Regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase by cannabinoids in hippocampus. | 2003 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:12657697 |
Gaetani S et al. | Anandamide hydrolysis: a new target for anti-anxiety drugs? | 2003 | Trends Mol Med | pmid:14604824 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Levodopa treatment reverses endocannabinoid system abnormalities in experimental parkinsonism. | 2003 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:12716433 |
Lépicier P et al. | Endocannabinoids protect the rat isolated heart against ischaemia. | 2003 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12813004 |
Bouchard JF et al. | Contribution of endocannabinoids in the endothelial protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning in the isolated rat heart. | 2003 | Life Sci. | pmid:12586223 |
McCarron RM et al. | Antioxidant properties of the vasoactive endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG). | 2003 | Acta Neurochir. Suppl. | pmid:14753451 |
Higgs S et al. | Cannabinoid influences on palatability: microstructural analysis of sucrose drinking after delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, anandamide, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and SR141716. | 2003 | Psychopharmacology (Berl.) | pmid:12447606 |
Bisogno T et al. | Cloning of the first sn1-DAG lipases points to the spatial and temporal regulation of endocannabinoid signaling in the brain. | 2003 | J. Cell Biol. | pmid:14610053 |
Facchinetti F et al. | Cannabinoids ablate release of TNFalpha in rat microglial cells stimulated with lypopolysaccharide. | 2003 | Glia | pmid:12509806 |
Mechoulam R and Lichtman AH | Neuroscience. Stout guards of the central nervous system. | 2003 | Science | pmid:14526067 |
Marsicano G et al. | CB1 cannabinoid receptors and on-demand defense against excitotoxicity. | 2003 | Science | pmid:14526074 |
van der Stelt M et al. | Acute neuronal injury, excitotoxicity, and the endocannabinoid system. | 2002 Oct-Dec | Mol. Neurobiol. | pmid:12428763 |
Sugiura T et al. | Biosynthesis and degradation of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol and their possible physiological significance. | 2002 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12052034 |
Fowler CJ and Jacobsson SO | Cellular transport of anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol and palmitoylethanolamide--targets for drug development? | 2002 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12052035 |
Högestätt ED and Zygmunt PM | Cardiovascular pharmacology of anandamide. | 2002 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12052048 |
Sugiura T and Waku K | Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands. | 2002 | J. Biochem. | pmid:12097154 |
Jordà MA et al. | Hematopoietic cells expressing the peripheral cannabinoid receptor migrate in response to the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2002 | Blood | pmid:11929767 |
Vannacci A et al. | Down-regulation by cannabinoids of the immunological activation of human basophils and guinea pig mast cells. | 2002 | Inflamm. Res. | pmid:12013387 |
Kirkham TC et al. | Endocannabinoid levels in rat limbic forebrain and hypothalamus in relation to fasting, feeding and satiation: stimulation of eating by 2-arachidonoyl glycerol. | 2002 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12055133 |
Kreitzer AC and Regehr WG | Retrograde signaling by endocannabinoids. | 2002 | Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. | pmid:12049940 |
Nakane S et al. | 2-Arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate, an arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid: occurrence and rapid enzymatic conversion to 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol, a cannabinoid receptor ligand, in rat brain. | 2002 | Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | pmid:12051682 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Endocannabinoid degradation, endotoxic shock and inflammation. | 2002 | Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy | pmid:14561206 |
Laine K et al. | Comparison of the enzymatic stability and intraocular pressure effects of 2-arachidonylglycerol and noladin ether, a novel putative endocannabinoid. | 2002 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:12356827 |
Darmani NA | The potent emetogenic effects of the endocannabinoid, 2-AG (2-arachidonoylglycerol) are blocked by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannnabinoids. | 2002 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:11752094 |
González S et al. | Changes in endocannabinoid contents in the brain of rats chronically exposed to nicotine, ethanol or cocaine. | 2002 | Brain Res. | pmid:12393235 |
Rouzer CA et al. | Chemical stability of 2-arachidonylglycerol under biological conditions. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12270674 |
Bisogno T et al. | Fatty acid amide hydrolase, an enzyme with many bioactive substrates. Possible therapeutic implications. | 2002 | Curr. Pharm. Des. | pmid:11945157 |
Lichtman AH et al. | Pharmacological activity of fatty acid amides is regulated, but not mediated, by fatty acid amide hydrolase in vivo. | 2002 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:12065702 |
Dinh TP et al. | A role for monoglyceride lipase in 2-arachidonoylglycerol inactivation. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12505697 |
Kojima S et al. | Contractile response to a cannabimimetic eicosanoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, of longitudinal smooth muscle from the guinea-pig distal colon in vitro. | 2002 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:12063081 |
Razdan RK and Mahadevan A | Recent advances in the synthesis of endocannabinoid related ligands. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12505687 |
Kunos G et al. | The quest for a vascular endothelial cannabinoid receptor. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12505689 |
Schmid HH et al. | Cell signaling by endocannabinoids and their congeners: questions of selectivity and other challenges. | 2002 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:12505695 |
Kozak KR et al. | Metabolism of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol and anandamide, into prostaglandin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin glycerol esters and ethanolamides. | 2002 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12244105 |
van der Stelt M et al. | Oxygenated metabolites of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol: conformational analysis and interaction with cannabinoid receptors, membrane transporter, and fatty acid amide hydrolase. | 2002 | J. Med. Chem. | pmid:12166944 |
Mechoulam R et al. | Cannabinoids and brain injury: therapeutic implications. | 2002 | Trends Mol Med | pmid:11815270 |
Dinh TP et al. | Brain monoglyceride lipase participating in endocannabinoid inactivation. | 2002 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:12136125 |
Matias I et al. | Presence and regulation of the endocannabinoid system in human dendritic cells. | 2002 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:12153574 |
Gubellini P et al. | Experimental parkinsonism alters endocannabinoid degradation: implications for striatal glutamatergic transmission. | 2002 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:12177188 |
Romero J et al. | Fatty acid amide hydrolase localization in the human central nervous system: an immunohistochemical study. | 2002 | Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. | pmid:12008024 |
Kozak KR et al. | 15-Lipoxygenase metabolism of 2-arachidonylglycerol. Generation of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist. | 2002 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:11956198 |
Fowler CJ et al. | Fatty acid amide hydrolase: biochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic possibilities for an enzyme hydrolyzing anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, palmitoylethanolamide, and oleamide. | 2001 | Biochem. Pharmacol. | pmid:11585048 |
Moody JS et al. | Selective oxygenation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol by leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase. | 2001 | Biochemistry | pmid:11170406 |
Sugiura T and Waku K | 2-arachidonoylglycerol: an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist. | 2001 | World Rev Nutr Diet | pmid:11935957 |
Baker D et al. | Endocannabinoids control spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model. | 2001 | FASEB J. | pmid:11156943 |
MacCarrone M et al. | Human platelets bind and degrade 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which activates these cells through a cannabinoid receptor. | 2001 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:11168423 |
Kurihara J et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and anandamide oppositely modulate norepinephrine release from the rat heart sympathetic nerves. | 2001 | Jpn. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11676206 |
van der Stelt M et al. | Exogenous anandamide protects rat brain against acute neuronal injury in vivo. | 2001 | J. Neurosci. | pmid:11698588 |
Hansen HH et al. | Anandamide, but not 2-arachidonoylglycerol, accumulates during in vivo neurodegeneration. | 2001 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:11579150 |
Stella N and Piomelli D | Receptor-dependent formation of endogenous cannabinoids in cortical neurons. | 2001 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11513837 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Anandamide degradation and N-acylethanolamines level in wild-type and CB1 cannabinoid receptor knockout mice of different ages. | 2001 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:11461969 |
Al-Hayani A et al. | The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide activates vanilloid receptors in the rat hippocampal slice. | 2001 | Neuropharmacology | pmid:11747904 |
Wagner JA et al. | Endogenous cannabinoids mediate hypotension after experimental myocardial infarction. | 2001 | J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. | pmid:11738314 |
Kagota S et al. | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, a candidate of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. | 2001 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11275004 |
Bisogno T et al. | The uptake by cells of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous agonist of cannabinoid receptors. | 2001 | Eur. J. Biochem. | pmid:11277920 |
Kobayashi Y et al. | Activation by 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase in HL-60 cells. | 2001 | J. Biochem. | pmid:11328586 |
Kozak KR et al. | Amino acid determinants in cyclooxygenase-2 oxygenation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol. | 2001 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:11402053 |
Di Marzo V et al. | Palmitoylethanolamide inhibits the expression of fatty acid amide hydrolase and enhances the anti-proliferative effect of anandamide in human breast cancer cells. | 2001 | Biochem. J. | pmid:11485574 |
Sugiura T et al. | Rapid generation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand, in rat brain after decapitation. | 2001 | Neurosci. Lett. | pmid:11137756 |
Wang Y et al. | Simultaneous measurement of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol by polymyxin B-selective adsorption and subsequent high-performance liquid chromatography analysis: increase in endogenous cannabinoids in the sera of patients with endotoxic shock. | 2001 | Anal. Biochem. | pmid:11412008 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of endogenous cannabinoids in healthy and tumoral human brain and human cells in culture. | 2001 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:11208922 |
Panikashvili D et al. | An endogenous cannabinoid (2-AG) is neuroprotective after brain injury. | 2001 | Nature | pmid:11586361 |
Savinainen JR et al. | Despite substantial degradation, 2-arachidonoylglycerol is a potent full efficacy agonist mediating CB(1) receptor-dependent G-protein activation in rat cerebellar membranes. | 2001 | Br. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11588122 |
Suhara Y et al. | Synthesis and biological activities of novel structural analogues of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand. | 2001 | Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. | pmid:11454463 |
Yamaguchi T et al. | Endogenous cannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice. | 2001 | Brain Res. | pmid:11478928 |
Di Marzo V et al. | Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved in maintaining food intake. | 2001 | Nature | pmid:11298451 |
Wilson RI and Nicoll RA | Endogenous cannabinoids mediate retrograde signalling at hippocampal synapses. | 2001 | Nature | pmid:11279497 |
Giuffrida A et al. | Mechanisms of endocannabinoid inactivation: biochemistry and pharmacology. | 2001 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:11408519 |
Berdyshev EV et al. | Activation of PAF receptors results in enhanced synthesis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in immune cells. | 2001 | FASEB J. | pmid:11641243 |
Basavarajappa BS et al. | Stimulation of cannabinoid receptor agonist 2-arachidonylglycerol by chronic ethanol and its modulation by specific neuromodulators in cerebellar granule neurons. | 2000 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:11113634 |
Pryor SR | Is platelet release of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol a mediator of cognitive deficits? An endocannabinoid theory of schizophrenia and arousal. | 2000 | Med. Hypotheses | pmid:11090297 |
Rhee MH et al. | Functional role of tryptophan residues in the fourth transmembrane domain of the CB(2) cannabinoid receptor. | 2000 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:11080201 |
Sugiura T and Waku K | 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and the cannabinoid receptors. | 2000 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:11106784 |
Gallily R et al. | 2-Arachidonylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in murine macrophages, and in mice. | 2000 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11011050 |
Chen Y et al. | Human brain capillary endothelium: 2-arachidonoglycerol (endocannabinoid) interacts with endothelin-1. | 2000 | Circ. Res. | pmid:10948067 |
Maccarrone M et al. | Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol inhibit fatty acid amide hydrolase by activating the lipoxygenase pathway of the arachidonate cascade. | 2000 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:11095952 |
Howlett AC and Mukhopadhyay S | Cellular signal transduction by anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. | 2000 | Chem. Phys. Lipids | pmid:11106782 |
Stefano GB et al. | 2-arachidonyl-glycerol stimulates nitric oxide release from human immune and vascular tissues and invertebrate immunocytes by cannabinoid receptor 1. | 2000 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:10987990 |
Di Marzo V et al. | Neurobehavioral activity in mice of N-vanillyl-arachidonyl-amide. | 2000 | Eur. J. Pharmacol. | pmid:11040343 |
Szallasi A and Di Marzo V | New perspectives on enigmatic vanilloid receptors. | 2000 | Trends Neurosci. | pmid:11006466 |
Di Marzo V et al. | Enhanced levels of endogenous cannabinoids in the globus pallidus are associated with a reduction in movement in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. | 2000 | FASEB J. | pmid:10877836 |