Dha is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Dha is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Consumption-archaic term for TB, Chronic disease, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent. The involved functions are known as Inflammation, Oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, Fatty Acid Metabolism and Lipid Metabolism. Dha often locates in Hepatic, Protoplasm, Mucous Membrane, Epithelium and outer membrane. The associated genes with DHA are IMPACT gene, FATE1 gene, GAPDH gene, THOC4 gene and SLC33A1 gene. The related lipids are stearidonic acid, Fatty Acids, Total cholesterol, Lipopolysaccharides and Dietary Fatty Acid. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Transgenic Model, Animal Disease Models and Arthritis, Experimental.
To understand associated biological information of DHA, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
DHA is suspected in Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity, Ischemia, Hypertensive disease, Coronary Arteriosclerosis, Cerebrovascular accident and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with DHA
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Homeostatic regulation of photoreceptor cell integrity: significance of the potent mediator neuroprotectin D1 biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid: the Proctor Lecture.' (Bazan NG, 2007), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: health benefits throughout life.' (Swanson D et al., 2012), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis without decreasing hepatosteatosis in a Ldlr(-/-) mouse model of western diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.' (Depner CM et al., 2013) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Wax esters from the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus reduce diet-induced obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders in mice.' (Höper AC et al., 2014).
Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Loss of MAP function leads to hippocampal synapse loss and deficits in the Morris Water Maze with aging.' (Ma QL et al., 2014).
Animal Disease Models are used in the study 'Fish oil increases muscle protein mass and modulates Akt/FOXO, TLR4, and NOD signaling in weanling piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge.' (Liu Y et al., 2013).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Leaf A | Omega-3 fatty acids and prevention of ventricular fibrillation. | 1995 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:7784457 |
Denzlinger C et al. | Modulation of the endogenous leukotriene production by fish oil and vitamin E. | 1995 | J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal | pmid:7780681 |
Noguchi M et al. | The role of fatty acids and eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors in breast carcinoma. | 1995 Jul-Aug | Oncology | pmid:7777237 |
Kirmani ZA et al. | Effects of supplemented omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid rich oils on the cardiovascular system of thermally injured rabbits: changes in plasma and platelet fatty acids. | 1995 Mar-Apr | J Burn Care Rehabil | pmid:7775514 |
Makrides M et al. | Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids essential nutrients in infancy? | 1995 | Lancet | pmid:7769900 |
Li ZY and Ward OP | Production of docosahexaenoic acid by Thraustochytrium roseum. | 1994 | J. Ind. Microbiol. | pmid:7765049 |
Lucien FP et al. | Separation of biomolecules using supercritical fluid extraction. | 1993 May-Jun | Australas Biotechnol | pmid:7763846 |
Pawlosky RJ and Salem N | Ethanol exposure causes a decrease in docosahexaenoic acid and an increase in docosapentaenoic acid in feline brains and retinas. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7762532 |
Onwude JL et al. | A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of fish oil in high risk pregnancy. | 1995 | Br J Obstet Gynaecol | pmid:7756226 |
Al MD et al. | The essential fatty acid status of mother and child in pregnancy-induced hypertension: a prospective longitudinal study. | 1995 | Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. | pmid:7755079 |
Rose DP et al. | Influence of diets containing eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid on growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells in nude mice. | 1995 | J. Natl. Cancer Inst. | pmid:7752256 |
Ishinaga M et al. | Daily intakes of fatty acids, sterols, and phospholipids by Japanese women and serum cholesterol. | 1994 | J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. | pmid:7751974 |
Byard RW et al. | Sudden infant death syndrome: effect of breast and formula feeding on frontal cortex and brainstem lipid composition. | 1995 | J Paediatr Child Health | pmid:7748681 |
Decsi T et al. | Essential fatty acids in full term infants fed breast milk or formula. | 1995 | Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. | pmid:7743279 |
Farquharson J et al. | Effect of diet on the fatty acid composition of the major phospholipids of infant cerebral cortex. | 1995 | Arch. Dis. Child. | pmid:7741563 |
Eritsland J et al. | Effect of long-term, moderate-dose supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on monocyte procoagulant activity and release of interleukin-6 in patients with coronary artery disease. | 1995 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:7740525 |
Innis SM | The 1993 Borden Award Lecture. Fatty acid requirements of the newborn. | 1994 | Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. | pmid:7736339 |
Chirouze V et al. | Red blood cell fatty acid composition in low-birth-weight infants fed either human milk or formula during the first months of life. | 1994 | Acta Paediatr Suppl | pmid:7734796 |
Achard F et al. | Interconversions and distinct metabolic fate of eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in bovine aortic endothelial cells. | 1995 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:7734441 |
Nada MA et al. | On the rate-limiting step in the beta-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the heart. | 1995 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:7734439 |
Araya J et al. | [Effect of a diet supplemented with soybean oil or fish oil on the reversibility of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency (22:6w3) in the brain and erythrocytes of rats]. | 1994 | Arch Latinoam Nutr | pmid:7733788 |
Kang JX et al. | Free, long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce membrane electrical excitability in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 1995 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:7732020 |
Hoffman DR and Birch DG | Docosahexaenoic acid in red blood cells of patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. | 1995 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:7730010 |
Maehle L et al. | Effects of n-3 fatty acids during neoplastic progression and comparison of in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of two human tumour cell lines. | 1995 | Br. J. Cancer | pmid:7710930 |
Hexeberg S et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid induces lipid accumulation in myocardial cells of rats. | 1994 | Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. | pmid:7709170 |
Sanjurjo P et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acid status in patients with phenylketonuria. | 1994 | J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. | pmid:7707693 |
Bayon Y et al. | Effect of specific phospholipid molecular species incorporated in human platelet membranes on thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:7706947 |
Hamosh M | Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in neonatal nutrition. | 1994 | J Am Coll Nutr | pmid:7706584 |
Saito M | Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on liver microsomal mixed-function oxidases in rats. | 1994 | Ann. Nutr. Metab. | pmid:7702359 |
Chapman GE and Wallace HM | Spermine prevents lipid peroxidation induced by essential fatty acids in human breast cancer cells. | 1994 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:7698423 |
Niebylski CD and Salem N | A calorimetric investigation of a series of mixed-chain polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines: effect of sn-2 chain length and degree of unsaturation. | 1994 | Biophys. J. | pmid:7696478 |
Hughes DA et al. | N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modulate the expression of functionally associated molecules on human monocytes. | 1995 | Biochem. Soc. Trans. | pmid:7672332 |
Mano MT et al. | Fish oils modulate blood pressure and vascular contractility in the rat and vascular contractility in the primate. | 1995 | Blood Press. | pmid:7670652 |
Romon M et al. | Comparison between fat intake assessed by a 3-day food record and phospholipid fatty acid composition of red blood cells: results from the Monitoring of Cardiovascular Disease-Lille Study. | 1995 | Metab. Clin. Exp. | pmid:7666786 |
Schweich MD et al. | Effect of oxygen concentration on production of ethane and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances by peroxidizing lung and liver homogenates and formation of ethanol by peroxidizing docosahexaenoic acid preparations under hyperoxic conditions. | 1995 | J Toxicol Environ Health | pmid:7666491 |
Innis SM et al. | Marine and freshwater fish oil varying in arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids differ in their effects on organ lipids and fatty acids in growing rats. | 1995 | J. Nutr. | pmid:7666244 |
Sanjurjo P et al. | Influence of fatty fish intake during pregnancy in the polyunsaturated fatty acids of erythrocyte phospholipids in the mother at labor and newborn infant. | 1995 | Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand | pmid:7660762 |
Umemura K et al. | Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid in the rat middle cerebral artery thrombosis model. | 1995 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:7660354 |
Sheaff RC et al. | Conversion of alpha-linolenate to docosahexaenoate is not depressed by high dietary levels of linoleate in young rats: tracer evidence using high precision mass spectrometry. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:7658170 |
Lee J et al. | Soluble-binding proteins for docosahexaenoic acid are present in neural retina. | 1995 | Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. | pmid:7657541 |
Agostoni C et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid status and developmental quotient of healthy term infants. | 1995 | Lancet | pmid:7651024 |
Wakabayashi S et al. | In vivo imaging of brain incorporation of fatty acids and of 2-deoxy-D-glucose demonstrates functional and structural neuroplastic effects of chronic unilateral visual deprivation in rats. | 1995 | Brain Res. | pmid:7648253 |
Bell MV et al. | Dietary deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid impairs vision at low light intensities in juvenile herring (Clupea harengus L.). | 1995 | Lipids | pmid:7637565 |
VanRollins M | Epoxygenase metabolites of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit platelet aggregation at concentrations below those affecting thromboxane synthesis. | 1995 | J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. | pmid:7636743 |
Leichsenring M et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acids in erythrocyte and plasma lipids of children with severe protein-energy malnutrition. | 1995 | Acta Paediatr. | pmid:7633146 |
Stordy BJ | Benefit of docosahexaenoic acid supplements to dark adaptation in dyslexics. | 1995 | Lancet | pmid:7623560 |
Uauy R and De Andraca I | Human milk and breast feeding for optimal mental development. | 1995 | J. Nutr. | pmid:7623166 |
Engler MB et al. | Vasorelaxant properties of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in aortas from spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. | 1994 | J Cardiovasc Risk | pmid:7614421 |
Fournier A et al. | Influence of the phospholipid content in docosahexaenoic acid on electrophysiology and contraction of rat heart muscle cells. | 1995 | Cardioscience | pmid:7605899 |
Ferrier LK et al. | alpha-Linolenic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-enriched eggs from hens fed flaxseed: influence on blood lipids and platelet phospholipid fatty acids in humans. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7598070 |
Green P and Yavin E | Modulation of fetal rat brain and liver phospholipid content by intraamniotic ethyl docosahexaenoate administration. | 1995 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:7595551 |
Schaefer EJ et al. | Red blood cell membrane phosphatidylethanolamine fatty acid content in various forms of retinitis pigmentosa. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:7595066 |
Romans JR et al. | Effects of ground flaxseed in swine diets on pig performance and on physical and sensory characteristics and omega-3 fatty acid content of pork: II. Duration of 15% dietary flaxseed. | 1995 | J. Anim. Sci. | pmid:7592083 |
Fujita T et al. | Effects of fatty acids and fatty acyl CoA esters on Cu(2+)-induced conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in rabbit liver. | 1995 | Free Radic. Biol. Med. | pmid:7590398 |
Oshima M et al. | Effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on intestinal polyp development in Apc delta 716 knockout mice. | 1995 | Carcinogenesis | pmid:7586174 |
Burdon RH et al. | Hydrogen peroxide and the proliferation of BHK-21 cells. | 1995 | Free Radic. Res. | pmid:7581830 |
Marckmann P et al. | Biomarkers of habitual fish intake in adipose tissue. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7572741 |
Mantzioris E et al. | Nutritional attributes of dietary flaxseed oil. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7572718 |
Clark RM and She L | Lymphatic fatty acids from rats fed human milk and formula supplemented with fish oil. | 1995 | Lipids | pmid:7564923 |
Siscovick DS et al. | Dietary intake and cell membrane levels of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of primary cardiac arrest. | 1995 | JAMA | pmid:7563561 |
Rapoport SI | Docosahexaenoate turnover in brain phospholipids. | 1995 | J. Neurochem. | pmid:7561892 |
Rhodes LE et al. | Dietary fish oil reduces basal and ultraviolet B-generated PGE2 levels in skin and increases the threshold to provocation of polymorphic light eruption. | 1995 | J. Invest. Dermatol. | pmid:7561154 |
Pietsch A et al. | N-3 but not N-6 fatty acids reduce the expression of the combined adhesion and scavenger receptor CD36 in human monocytic cells. | 1995 | Cell Biochem. Funct. | pmid:7554100 |
Maldjian A et al. | The transfer of docosahexaenoic acid from the yolk to the tissues of the chick embryo. | 1995 | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | pmid:7548187 |
Al MD et al. | Maternal essential fatty acid patterns during normal pregnancy and their relationship to the neonatal essential fatty acid status. | 1995 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:7547829 |
De Caterina R et al. | Omega-3 fatty acids and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules. | 1995 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:7540306 |
Weber C et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid selectively attenuates induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and subsequent monocytic cell adhesion to human endothelial cells stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. | 1995 | Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. | pmid:7538427 |
De Caterina R et al. | The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate reduces cytokine-induced expression of proatherogenic and proinflammatory proteins in human endothelial cells. | 1994 | Arterioscler. Thromb. | pmid:7524649 |
Pepe S et al. | Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulates dihydropyridine effects on L-type Ca2+ channels, cytosolic Ca2+, and contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes. | 1994 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:7522322 |
Nishikawa M et al. | Facilitatory effect of docosahexaenoic acid on N-methyl-D-aspartate response in pyramidal neurones of rat cerebral cortex. | 1994 | J. Physiol. (Lond.) | pmid:7514666 |
Sasaki YF et al. | Bio-anticlastogenic effects of unsaturated fatty acids included in fish oil--docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid--in cultured Chinese hamster cells. | 1994 | Mutat. Res. | pmid:7506391 |
Ruan C et al. | Milk composition in women from five different regions of China: the great diversity of milk fatty acids. | 1995 | J. Nutr. | pmid:7500177 |
Farquharson J et al. | Age- and dietary-related distributions of hepatic arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid in early infancy. | 1995 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:7494660 |
Bankey P et al. | Liposomes modulate Kupffer cell endotoxin response. | 1995 | Arch Surg | pmid:7492273 |
Decsi T et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition with and without human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7491893 |
Sadou H et al. | Differential incorporation of fish-oil eicosapentaenoate and docosahexaenoate into lipids of lipoprotein fractions as related to their glyceryl esterification: a short-term (postprandial) and long-term study in healthy humans. | 1995 | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | pmid:7491879 |
Hrelia S et al. | Essential fatty acid metabolism in cultured rat cardiomyocytes in response to either N-6 or N-3 fatty acid supplementation. | 1995 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:7488075 |
Toft I et al. | Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. | 1995 | Ann. Intern. Med. | pmid:7486485 |
Noguchi M et al. | Effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid on cell growth and prostaglandin E and leukotriene B production by a human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). | 1995 Nov-Dec | Oncology | pmid:7478431 |
Van den Branden C et al. | Peroxisomes in mice fed a diet supplemented with low doses of fish oil. | 1995 | Lipids | pmid:7475984 |
Peet M et al. | Depleted red cell membrane essential fatty acids in drug-treated schizophrenic patients. | 1995 May-Jun | J Psychiatr Res | pmid:7473298 |
Koletzko B et al. | Effects of a low birthweight infant formula containing human milk levels of docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids. | 1995 | J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. | pmid:7472907 |
Okita M et al. | n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake and serum phospholipid fatty acid composition in middle-aged women living in rural and urban areas in Okayama Prefecture. | 1995 | J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. | pmid:7472676 |
Armstrong D et al. | Studies on experimentally induced retinal degeneration. 1. Effect of lipid peroxides on electroretinographic activity in the albino rabbit. | 1982 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:7151884 |
Organisciak DT et al. | Rod outer segment lipid--opsin ratios in the developing normal and retinal dystrophic rat. | 1982 | Exp. Eye Res. | pmid:6461559 |
Nissen HP et al. | [Significance of bound fatty acids in human sperm in fertility disorders]. | 1981 Sep-Oct | Andrologia | pmid:6459043 |
Sanders TA and Naismith DJ | The metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid by the foetal rat. | 1980 | Br. J. Nutr. | pmid:6448628 |
Giesing M and Zilliken F | Lipid metabolism of developing central nervous tissues in organotypic cultures. III. Ganglionic control of glycerolipids and fatty acids in cortex grey matter. | 1980 | Neurochem. Res. | pmid:6445512 |
Castledine AJ and Buckley JT | Distribution and mobility of omega 3 fatty acids in rainbow trout fed varying levels and types of dietary lipid. | 1980 | J. Nutr. | pmid:6445002 |
Bruckner GG et al. | Biosynthesis of prostanoids, tissue fatty acid composition and thrombotic parameters in rats fed diets enriched with docosahexaenoic (22:6n3) or eicosapentaenoic (20:5n3) acids. | 1984 | Thromb. Res. | pmid:6330927 |
Fischer S et al. | Uptake, release and metabolism of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, c22:6 omega 3) in human platelets and neutrophils. | 1984 | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | pmid:6329189 |
Morisaki N et al. | In vivo effects of cis-5,8,11,14,17-20:5 (n-3) and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-22:6(n-3) on serum lipoproteins, platelet aggregation, and lipid metabolism in the aorta of rats. | 1983 | Tohoku J. Exp. Med. | pmid:6322383 |
Neuringer M et al. | Dietary omega-3 fatty acid deficiency and visual loss in infant rhesus monkeys. | 1984 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:6317716 |
Bazan NG | Metabolism of phospholipids in the retina. | 1982 | Vision Res. | pmid:6305026 |
Corey EJ et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid is a strong inhibitor of prostaglandin but not leukotriene biosynthesis. | 1983 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:6304720 |
Sanders TA and Roshanai F | The influence of different types of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood lipids and platelet function in healthy volunteers. | 1983 | Clin. Sci. | pmid:6295686 |
Studies of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids in trout and frogs. | 1982 | Nutr. Rev. | pmid:6289203 | |
Mai J et al. | A new prostaglandin, C22-PGF4 alpha, synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3) by trout gill. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6280241 |
De Schrijver R and Privett OS | Effects of dietary long-chain fatty acids on the rat biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in the rat. | 1982 | J. Nutr. | pmid:6279803 |
Sanders TA et al. | Effect on blood lipids and haemostasis of a supplement of cod-liver oil, rich in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, in healthy young men. | 1981 | Clin. Sci. | pmid:6266735 |