Dha is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Dha is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Consumption-archaic term for TB, Chronic disease, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent. The involved functions are known as Inflammation, Oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, Fatty Acid Metabolism and Lipid Metabolism. Dha often locates in Hepatic, Protoplasm, Mucous Membrane, Epithelium and outer membrane. The associated genes with DHA are IMPACT gene, FATE1 gene, GAPDH gene, THOC4 gene and SLC33A1 gene. The related lipids are stearidonic acid, Fatty Acids, Total cholesterol, Lipopolysaccharides and Dietary Fatty Acid. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Transgenic Model, Animal Disease Models and Arthritis, Experimental.
To understand associated biological information of DHA, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
DHA is suspected in Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity, Ischemia, Hypertensive disease, Coronary Arteriosclerosis, Cerebrovascular accident and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with DHA
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Homeostatic regulation of photoreceptor cell integrity: significance of the potent mediator neuroprotectin D1 biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid: the Proctor Lecture.' (Bazan NG, 2007), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: health benefits throughout life.' (Swanson D et al., 2012), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis without decreasing hepatosteatosis in a Ldlr(-/-) mouse model of western diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.' (Depner CM et al., 2013) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Wax esters from the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus reduce diet-induced obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders in mice.' (Höper AC et al., 2014).
Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Loss of MAP function leads to hippocampal synapse loss and deficits in the Morris Water Maze with aging.' (Ma QL et al., 2014).
Animal Disease Models are used in the study 'Fish oil increases muscle protein mass and modulates Akt/FOXO, TLR4, and NOD signaling in weanling piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge.' (Liu Y et al., 2013).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Vreugdenhil M et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons. | 1996 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:8901621 |
He C et al. | Improved spatial learning performance of fat-1 mice is associated with enhanced neurogenesis and neuritogenesis by docosahexaenoic acid. | 2009 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:19549874 |
Abdulnour RE et al. | Maresin 1 biosynthesis during platelet-neutrophil interactions is organ-protective. | 2014 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:25369934 |
Pepe S et al. | Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulates dihydropyridine effects on L-type Ca2+ channels, cytosolic Ca2+, and contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes. | 1994 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:7522322 |
Scott BL and Bazan NG | Membrane docosahexaenoate is supplied to the developing brain and retina by the liver. | 1989 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:2523075 |
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Norris PC and Dennis EA | Omega-3 fatty acids cause dramatic changes in TLR4 and purinergic eicosanoid signaling. | 2012 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:22586114 |
Zhang G et al. | Epoxy metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibit angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:23553837 |
Kang JX and Leaf A | Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on the contraction of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. | 1994 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:7937911 |
Massaro M et al. | The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate attenuates endothelial cyclooxygenase-2 induction through both NADP(H) oxidase and PKC epsilon inhibition. | 2006 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:17018645 |
Corey EJ et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid is a strong inhibitor of prostaglandin but not leukotriene biosynthesis. | 1983 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:6304720 |
Fredman G et al. | Resolvin D1 limits 5-lipoxygenase nuclear localization and leukotriene B4 synthesis by inhibiting a calcium-activated kinase pathway. | 2014 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:25246560 |
Harris WS et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl esters ineffective? | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:23671065 |
Hoshi T et al. | Reply to Harris et al.: Differential impacts of omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives on blood pressure. | 2013 | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pmid:23940844 |
Nishio K et al. | Novel water-soluble derivatives of docosahexaenoic acid increase diacylglycerol production mediated by phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C. | 1993 | Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. | pmid:8389049 |
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Karanian JW et al. | Cardiovascular properties of hydroxylated docosahexaenoates. | 1989 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2529554 |
Bazan NG | The metabolism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the eye: the possible role of docosahexaenoic acid and docosanoids in retinal physiology and ocular pathology. | 1989 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2529559 |
Martinez M | Treatment with docosahexaenoic acid favorably modifies the fatty acid composition of erythrocytes in peroxisomal patients. | 1992 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:1438383 |
Huang WH et al. | Control of the sodium pump by liponucleotides and unsaturated fatty acids: side-dependent effects in red cells. | 1988 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2851818 |
Organisciak DT et al. | Aspects of the ascorbate protective mechanism in retinal light damage of rats with normal and reduced ROS docosahexaenoic acid. | 1987 | Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. | pmid:2960984 |
Barceló-Coblijn G and Murphy EJ | Alpha-linolenic acid and its conversion to longer chain n-3 fatty acids: benefits for human health and a role in maintaining tissue n-3 fatty acid levels. | 2009 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:19619583 |
Frisardi V et al. | Glycerophospholipids and glycerophospholipid-derived lipid mediators: a complex meshwork in Alzheimer's disease pathology. | 2011 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:21703303 |
Cunnane SC et al. | Fish, docosahexaenoic acid and Alzheimer's disease. | 2009 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:19362576 |
Bougnoux P et al. | Fatty acids and breast cancer: sensitization to treatments and prevention of metastatic re-growth. | 2010 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:19715726 |
Valentine RC and Valentine DL | Omega-3 fatty acids in cellular membranes: a unified concept. | 2004 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:15458813 |
Giusto NM et al. | Lipid metabolism in vertebrate retinal rod outer segments. | 2000 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:10856601 |
Elsherbiny ME et al. | Interaction of brain fatty acid-binding protein with the polyunsaturated fatty acid environment as a potential determinant of poor prognosis in malignant glioma. | 2013 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:23981365 |
Poudyal H et al. | Omega-3 fatty acids and metabolic syndrome: effects and emerging mechanisms of action. | 2011 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:21762726 |
Lauritzen L et al. | The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina. | 2001 Jan-Mar | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:11137568 |
Venegas-Calerón M et al. | An alternative to fish oils: Metabolic engineering of oil-seed crops to produce omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2010 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:19857520 |
Domenichiello AF et al. | Is docosahexaenoic acid synthesis from α-linolenic acid sufficient to supply the adult brain? | 2015 | Prog. Lipid Res. | pmid:25920364 |
Ramos-Loyo J et al. | Sex differences in lipid peroxidation and fatty acid levels in recent onset schizophrenia. | 2013 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:23421976 |
Doornbos B et al. | The development of peripartum depressive symptoms is associated with gene polymorphisms of MAOA, 5-HTT and COMT. | 2009 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:19625011 |
Buydens-Branchey L et al. | Associations between increases in plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids following supplementation and decreases in anger and anxiety in substance abusers. | 2008 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:18060675 |
Blanchet J et al. | Resveratrol, a red wine polyphenol, protects dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-treated mice. | 2008 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:18471948 |
Doornbos B et al. | Supplementation of a low dose of DHA or DHA+AA does not prevent peripartum depressive symptoms in a small population based sample. | 2009 | Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry | pmid:18955102 |
Blachier F et al. | Arachidonic acid metabolism and casein secretion in lactating rabbit mammary epithelial cells: effects of inhibitors of prostaglandins and leukotrienes synthesis. | 1988 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2834771 |
Kim HY and Salem N | Preparation and the structural determination of hydroperoxy derivatives of docosahexaenoic acid and other polyunsaturates by thermospray LC/MS. | 1989 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2541468 |
Mai J et al. | A new prostaglandin, C22-PGF4 alpha, synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3) by trout gill. | 1981 | Prostaglandins | pmid:6280241 |
Kim HY et al. | Stereochemical analysis of hydroxylated docosahexaenoates produced by human platelets and rat brain homogenate. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2147773 |
Kim HY et al. | Formation of 15-lipoxygenase product from docosahexaenoic acid (22:6w3) by human platelets. | 1990 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2147774 |
Fischer S et al. | Dietary docosahexaenoic acid is retroconverted in man to eicosapentaenoic acid, which can be quickly transformed to prostaglandin I3. | 1987 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2829279 |
Hishinuma T et al. | Microdetermination of the thromboxane B3 gas chromatography-selected-ion monitoring using [18O]thromboxane B3 as an internal standard. | 1997 | Prostaglandins | pmid:9261859 |
Claeys M et al. | Diacylglycerols interfere in normal phase HPLC analysis of lipoxygenase products of docosahexaenoic or arachidonic acids. | 1986 | Prostaglandins | pmid:2951768 |
Zhang J et al. | Characteristics of fatty acid distribution is associated with colorectal cancer prognosis. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23465412 |
Ishida T et al. | Distinct regulation of plasma LDL cholesterol by eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in high fat diet-fed hamsters: participation of cholesterol ester transfer protein and LDL receptor. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23375839 |
Kuipers RS et al. | High contents of both docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids in milk of women consuming fish from lake Kitangiri (Tanzania): targets for infant formulae close to our ancient diet? | 2005 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15763440 |
An WS et al. | Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the modification of erythrocyte membrane fatty acid content including oleic acid in peritoneal dialysis patients. | 2012 Jan-Feb | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22071008 |
McNamara RK | Evaluation of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency as a preventable risk factor for recurrent affective disorders: current status, future directions, and dietary recommendations. | 2009 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19515544 |
Cunnane SC | Commentary on the workshop statement. Essentiality of and recommended dietary intakes for Omega-6 and Omega-3 fatty acids. | 2000 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:10991770 |
Burdge GC | Metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid in humans. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16828546 |
Glew RH et al. | The fatty acid composition of the serum phospholipids of children with sickle cell disease in Nigeria. | 2002 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12401435 |
Das UN et al. | Effect of corticosteroids and eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid on pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant status and metabolism of essential fatty acids in patients with glomerular disorders. | 2001 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:11728172 |
Sanders TA | DHA status of vegetarians. | 2009 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19500961 |
Maki KC et al. | Prescription omega-3-acid ethyl esters reduce fasting and postprandial triglycerides and modestly reduce pancreatic β-cell response in subjects with primary hypertriglyceridemia. | 2011 Sep-Oct | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:21775113 |
Xi S et al. | Suppression of proto-oncogene (AP-1) in a model of skin epidermal hyperproliferation is reversed by topical application of 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid. | 2000 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:10765974 |
Gustafson KM et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid and cognitive function: Is the link mediated by the autonomic nervous system? | 2008 Sep-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18930644 |
Glen AI et al. | Membrane fatty acids, niacin flushing and clinical parameters. | 1996 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:8888117 |
Sala-Vila A et al. | Influence of dietary source of docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids on their incorporation into membrane phospholipids of red blood cells in term infants. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16326086 |
Bonham MP et al. | Habitual fish consumption does not prevent a decrease in LCPUFA status in pregnant women (the Seychelles Child Development Nutrition Study). | 2008 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18585023 |
Das UN | Folic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids improve cognitive function and prevent depression, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease--but how and why? | 2008 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18054217 |
Harris JI et al. | Statin treatment alters serum n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in hypercholesterolemic patients. | 2004 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:15310527 |
Koletzko B et al. | Does dietary DHA improve neural function in children? Observations in phenylketonuria. | 2009 Aug-Sep | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19615874 |
Kawabata T et al. | Age-related changes of dietary intake and blood eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid levels in Japanese men and women. | 2011 May-Jun | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:21420843 |
Mathieu G et al. | Synergistic effects of stress and omega-3 fatty acid deprivation on emotional response and brain lipid composition in adult rats. | 2008 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:18579362 |
Childs CE et al. | Maternal diet during pregnancy has tissue-specific effects upon fetal fatty acid composition and alters fetal immune parameters. | 2010 Oct-Dec | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:20817424 |
Green P et al. | Arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine species are increased in selected brain regions of a depressive animal model: implications for pathophysiology. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19342208 |
Wiest MM et al. | Plasma fatty acid profiles in autism: a case-control study. | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19307110 |
Antalis CJ et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid is a substrate for ACAT1 and inhibits cholesteryl ester formation from oleic acid in MCF-10A cells. | 2009 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19217763 |
Hurst S et al. | Dietary fatty acids and arthritis. | 2010 Apr-Jun | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:20189789 |
Guesnet P et al. | α-Linolenate reduces the dietary requirement for linoleate in the growing rat. | 2011 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:21880475 |
McNamara RK and Carlson SE | Role of omega-3 fatty acids in brain development and function: potential implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of psychopathology. | 2006 Oct-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16949263 |
Horrobin D et al. | The effects on plasma, red cell and platelet fatty acids of taking 12 g/day of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate for 16 months: dihomogammalinolenic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids and relevance to Inuit metabolism. | 2003 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:12711245 |
Peet M et al. | Essential fatty acid deficiency in erythrocyte membranes from chronic schizophrenic patients, and the clinical effects of dietary supplementation. | 1996 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:8888126 |
Mueller MJ | Isoprostane nomenclature: inherent problems may cause setbacks for the development of the isoprostanoid field. | 2010 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:20034775 |
De Caterina R et al. | Omega-3 fatty acids and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules. | 1995 Feb-Mar | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:7540306 |
Coetzee M et al. | Effects of arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and prostaglandin E(2) on cell proliferation and morphology of MG-63 and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells. | 2007 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17113274 |
Kuipers RS et al. | Gestational age dependent changes of the fetal brain, liver and adipose tissue fatty acid compositions in a population with high fish intakes. | 2012 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22425685 |
Pottala JV et al. | Red blood cell fatty acids are associated with depression in a case-control study of adolescents. | 2012 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22464051 |
Raza Shaikh S and Brown DA | Models of plasma membrane organization can be applied to mitochondrial membranes to target human health and disease with polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22464052 |
Kim HW et al. | Regulation of rat brain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism during graded dietary n-3 PUFA deprivation. | 2011 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:21880477 |
Gawrisch K et al. | Insights from biophysical studies on the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids for function of G-protein coupled membrane receptors. | 2008 Sep-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19004627 |
Marcheselli VL et al. | Neuroprotectin D1/protectin D1 stereoselective and specific binding with human retinal pigment epithelial cells and neutrophils. | 2010 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19931440 |
Serhan CN | Systems approach with inflammatory exudates uncovers novel anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators. | 2008 Sep-Nov | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:19008087 |
Kuipers RS et al. | Milk in the island of Chole [Tanzania] is high in lauric, myristic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids, and low in linoleic acid reconstructed diet of infants born to our ancestors living in tropical coastal regions. | 2007 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:17383169 |
Sethom MM et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acids deficits are associated with psychotic state and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. | 2010 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:20667702 |
van Goor SA et al. | Mildly abnormal general movement quality in infants is associated with higher Mead acid and lower arachidonic acid and shows a U-shaped relation with the DHA/AA ratio. | 2010 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:20022733 |
Gregor JI et al. | Does enteral nutrition of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids promote oxidative stress and tumour growth in ductal pancreatic cancer? Experimental trial in Syrian Hamster. | 2006 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:16226437 |
Alicandro G et al. | A randomized placebo-controlled study on high-dose oral algal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with cystic fibrosis. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23266209 |
Fenton JI and McCaskey SJ | Curcumin and docosahexaenoic acid block insulin-induced colon carcinoma cell proliferation. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:23266210 |
Das UN et al. | Can tumour cell drug resistance be reversed by essential fatty acids and their metabolites? | 1998 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:9482165 |
Meldrum SJ et al. | Determinants of DHA levels in early infancy: differential effects of breast milk and direct fish oil supplementation. | 2012 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22572105 |
Cunnane SC et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid homeostasis, brain aging and Alzheimer's disease: Can we reconcile the evidence? | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22575581 |
Kenchegowda S et al. | Involvement of pigment epithelium-derived factor, docosahexaenoic acid and neuroprotectin D1 in corneal inflammation and nerve integrity after refractive surgery. | 2013 | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:22579364 |
Fenton JI et al. | Immunomodulation by dietary long chain omega-3 fatty acids and the potential for adverse health outcomes. | 2013 Nov-Dec | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | pmid:24183073 |