Dha is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Dha is associated with abnormalities such as Atherosclerosis, Consumption-archaic term for TB, Chronic disease, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent. The involved functions are known as Inflammation, Oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, Fatty Acid Metabolism and Lipid Metabolism. Dha often locates in Hepatic, Protoplasm, Mucous Membrane, Epithelium and outer membrane. The associated genes with DHA are IMPACT gene, FATE1 gene, GAPDH gene, THOC4 gene and SLC33A1 gene. The related lipids are stearidonic acid, Fatty Acids, Total cholesterol, Lipopolysaccharides and Dietary Fatty Acid. The related experimental models are Mouse Model, Transgenic Model, Animal Disease Models and Arthritis, Experimental.
To understand associated biological information of DHA, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
DHA is suspected in Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity, Ischemia, Hypertensive disease, Coronary Arteriosclerosis, Cerebrovascular accident and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
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We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with DHA
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Mouse Model are used in the study 'Homeostatic regulation of photoreceptor cell integrity: significance of the potent mediator neuroprotectin D1 biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid: the Proctor Lecture.' (Bazan NG, 2007), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: health benefits throughout life.' (Swanson D et al., 2012), Mouse Model are used in the study 'Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis without decreasing hepatosteatosis in a Ldlr(-/-) mouse model of western diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.' (Depner CM et al., 2013) and Mouse Model are used in the study 'Wax esters from the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus reduce diet-induced obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders in mice.' (Höper AC et al., 2014).
Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Loss of MAP function leads to hippocampal synapse loss and deficits in the Morris Water Maze with aging.' (Ma QL et al., 2014).
Animal Disease Models are used in the study 'Fish oil increases muscle protein mass and modulates Akt/FOXO, TLR4, and NOD signaling in weanling piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge.' (Liu Y et al., 2013).
Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
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Innis SM | Essential fatty acid transfer and fetal development. | 2005 | Placenta | pmid:15837071 |
Johnsen GM et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid stimulates tube formation in first trimester trophoblast cells, HTR8/SVneo. | 2011 | Placenta | pmid:21741084 |
Xu Y et al. | Maternal di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate exposure influences essential fatty acid homeostasis in rat placenta. | 2008 | Placenta | pmid:18829104 |
Johnsen GM et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate cellular fatty acid uptake in human placental choriocarcinoma (BeWo) cells. | 2009 | Placenta | pmid:19880178 |
Tobin KA et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid transport across human placental choriocarcinoma (BeWo) cells. | 2009 | Placenta | pmid:19010540 |
Guihéneuf F et al. | Use of radiolabeled substrates to determine the desaturase and elongase activities involved in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis in the marine microalga Pavlova lutheri. | 2013 | Phytochemistry | pmid:23528573 |
Mansour MP et al. | The effect of growth phase on the lipid class, fatty acid and sterol composition in the marine dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium sp. in batch culture. | 2003 | Phytochemistry | pmid:12711135 |
Zhou XR et al. | Isolation and characterization of genes from the marine microalga Pavlova salina encoding three front-end desaturases involved in docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis. | 2007 | Phytochemistry | pmid:17291553 |
Georgiadi A et al. | Detailed transcriptomics analysis of the effect of dietary fatty acids on gene expression in the heart. | 2012 | Physiol. Genomics | pmid:22274564 |
Turner N et al. | Scaling of Na+,K+-ATPase molecular activity and membrane fatty acid composition in mammalian and avian hearts. | 2006 May-Jun | Physiol. Biochem. Zool. | pmid:16691518 |
Levant B et al. | Developmental effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on activity and response to novelty. | 2010 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:20457171 |
Correia Bacarin C et al. | Fish oil provides robust and sustained memory recovery after cerebral ischemia: influence of treatment regimen. | 2013 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:23770426 |
Trofimiuk E and Braszko JJ | Concomitant docosahexaenoic acid administration ameliorates stress-induced cognitive impairment in rats. | 2013 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:23672853 |
Bandaru SS et al. | Effects of PI3K inhibition and low docosahexaenoic acid on cognition and behavior. | 2010 | Physiol. Behav. | pmid:19914265 |
Kunesová M et al. | The influence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and very low calorie diet during a short-term weight reducing regimen on weight loss and serum fatty acid composition in severely obese women. | 2006 | Physiol Res | pmid:15857162 |
Easley JT et al. | AT-RvD1 combined with DEX is highly effective in treating TNF-α-mediated disruption of the salivary gland epithelium. | 2016 | Physiol Rep | pmid:27694530 |
Gederaas OA et al. | Cell specific effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on 5-aminolevulinic acid based photosensitization. | 2005 | Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. | pmid:15803209 |
Kello M et al. | PUFAs enhance oxidative stress and apoptosis in tumour cells exposed to hypericin-mediated PDT. | 2010 | Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. | pmid:20714672 |
Du J et al. | Palmitic acid and docosahexaenoic acid opposingly regulate the expression of insulin-degrading enzyme in neurons. | 2010 | Pharmazie | pmid:20383947 |
Burns T et al. | Effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the arachidonic acid:eicosapentaenoic acid ratio. | 2007 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:17461697 |
McKenney JM and Sica D | Role of prescription omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. | 2007 | Pharmacotherapy | pmid:17461707 |
Sametz W et al. | Influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids on vasoconstrictions induced by 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) and 8-iso-PGE(2). | 2000 | Pharmacology | pmid:10754452 |
Schjøtt J et al. | Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid diet supplement on tolerance to the cardiotoxicity of epirubicin and to ischaemia reperfusion in the isolated rat heart. | 1996 | Pharmacol. Toxicol. | pmid:8878248 |
Paulsen JE et al. | A fish oil-derived concentrate enriched in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid as ethyl esters inhibits the formation and growth of aberrant crypt foci in rat colon. | 1998 | Pharmacol. Toxicol. | pmid:9527643 |
Gorjão R et al. | Comparative effects of DHA and EPA on cell function. | 2009 | Pharmacol. Ther. | pmid:19318040 |
Obajimi O et al. | Differential effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids upon oxidant-stimulated release and uptake of arachidonic acid in human lymphoma U937 cells. | 2005 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:15967385 |
Galli C | Health implications of DHA. | 1999 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:10479461 |
Lagarde M | Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1999 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:10479462 |
Horrocks LA and Yeo YK | Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 1999 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:10479465 |
Lopez-Huertas E | Health effects of oleic acid and long chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) enriched milks. A review of intervention studies. | 2010 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:19897038 |
Rogers LK et al. | DHA supplementation: current implications in pregnancy and childhood. | 2013 | Pharmacol. Res. | pmid:23266567 |
Yetimler B et al. | Differential effect of age on the brain fatty acid levels and their correlation with animal cognitive status in mice. | 2012 | Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. | pmid:22878041 |
Cao DH et al. | Protective effect of chronic ethyl docosahexaenoate administration on brain injury in ischemic gerbils. | 2004 | Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. | pmid:15582673 |
Minami M et al. | Dietary docosahexaenoic acid increases cerebral acetylcholine levels and improves passive avoidance performance in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. | 1997 | Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. | pmid:9408223 |
Arnold C et al. | Cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism of omega-6 and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 2010 May-Jun | Pharmacol Rep | pmid:20631419 |
Mussi SV et al. | Novel nanostructured lipid carrier co-loaded with doxorubicin and docosahexaenoic acid demonstrates enhanced in vitro activity and overcomes drug resistance in MCF-7/Adr cells. | 2014 | Pharm. Res. | pmid:24522814 |
Hörcher U | [Omega-3-fatty acids from fish oil for the prevention of myocardial infarct]. | 1988 | Pharm Unserer Zeit | pmid:2840674 |
Jiang LH et al. | Oral administration of docosahexaenoic acid activates the GDNF-MAPK-CERB pathway in hippocampus of natural aged rat. | 2013 | Pharm Biol | pmid:23767459 |
Bueno AA et al. | Effects of different fatty acids and dietary lipids on adiponectin gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells and C57BL/6J mice adipose tissue. | 2008 | Pflugers Arch. | pmid:17717684 |
Makrides M et al. | A critical appraisal of the role of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on neural indices of term infants: a randomized, controlled trial. | 2000 | Pediatrics | pmid:10617701 |
Scott DT et al. | Formula supplementation with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: are there developmental benefits? | 1998 | Pediatrics | pmid:9794989 |
Mizejewski GJ and Pass KA | Fatty acids, alpha-fetoprotein, and cystic fibrosis. | 2001 | Pediatrics | pmid:11731663 |
O'Connor DL et al. | Growth and development in preterm infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a prospective, randomized controlled trial. | 2001 | Pediatrics | pmid:11483801 |
Auestad N et al. | Growth and development in term infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a double-masked, randomized, parallel, prospective, multivariate study. | 2001 | Pediatrics | pmid:11483802 |
Manley BJ et al. | High-dose docosahexaenoic acid supplementation of preterm infants: respiratory and allergy outcomes. | 2011 | Pediatrics | pmid:21708809 |
Imhoff-Kunsch B et al. | Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant morbidity: randomized controlled trial. | 2011 | Pediatrics | pmid:21807696 |
Clandinin MT and VanAerde J | Formula supplementation and growth. | 2003 | Pediatrics | pmid:14654632 |
Auestad N et al. | Visual, cognitive, and language assessments at 39 months: a follow-up study of children fed formulas containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to 1 year of age. | 2003 | Pediatrics | pmid:12949309 |
D'Vaz N et al. | Postnatal fish oil supplementation in high-risk infants to prevent allergy: randomized controlled trial. | 2012 | Pediatrics | pmid:22945403 |
Isaacs EB et al. | 10-year cognition in preterms after random assignment to fatty acid supplementation in infancy. | 2011 | Pediatrics | pmid:21930549 |
Henriksen C et al. | Improved cognitive development among preterm infants attributable to early supplementation of human milk with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. | 2008 | Pediatrics | pmid:18519483 |
Makrides M et al. | Dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids do not influence growth of term infants: A randomized clinical trial. | 1999 | Pediatrics | pmid:10469771 |
Helland IB et al. | Similar effects on infants of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids supplementation to pregnant and lactating women. | 2001 | Pediatrics | pmid:11694666 |
Murakami K et al. | Fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and depressive symptoms: Ryukyus Child Health Study. | 2010 | Pediatrics | pmid:20713476 |
Beblo S et al. | Effects of alcohol intake during pregnancy on docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in umbilical cord vessels of black women. | 2005 | Pediatrics | pmid:15687427 |
Krugman S and Law P | Breastfeeding and IQ. | 1999 | Pediatrics | pmid:9988628 |
Pawlik D et al. | Fish-oil fat emulsion supplementation may reduce the risk of severe retinopathy in VLBW infants. | 2011 | Pediatrics | pmid:21199856 |
Sweeney B et al. | Polyunsaturated fatty acids influence neonatal monocyte survival. | 2001 | Pediatr. Surg. Int. | pmid:11409157 |
Llanos A et al. | Infants with intrauterine growth restriction have impaired formation of docosahexaenoic acid in early neonatal life: a stable isotope study. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16189202 |
Agostoni C and Verduci E | DHA in pregnancy benefits child development. | 2003 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:12904586 |
Liu CC et al. | Increase in plasma phospholipid docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids as a reflection of their intake and mode of administration. | 1987 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:2821474 |
Woods J et al. | Is docosahexaenoic acid necessary in infant formula? Evaluation of high linolenate diets in the neonatal rat. | 1996 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:8910933 |
Lauritzen L et al. | Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation and growth during the first 2.5 years of life. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16006428 |
Ponder DL et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid status of term infants fed breast milk or infant formula containing soy oil or corn oil. | 1992 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:1287559 |
Curatolo N et al. | Oral administration of docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaeinoic acids is not anticonvulsant in rats: implications for translational research. | 2011 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:21857379 |
Greiner RC et al. | Brain docosahexaenoate accretion in fetal baboons: bioequivalence of dietary alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids. | 1997 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:9396565 |
Salem N | What is the right level of DHA in the infant diet? Commentary on article by Hsieh et al. on page 537. | 2007 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:17413853 |
Hsieh AT et al. | The influence of moderate and high dietary long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on baboon neonate tissue fatty acids. | 2007 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:17413857 |
Lim SY et al. | N-3 fatty acid deficiency induced by a modified artificial rearing method leads to poorer performance in spatial learning tasks. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16189203 |
Colombo J et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy reduces heart rate and positively affects distribution of attention. | 2011 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:21705959 |
Farquharson J et al. | Age- and dietary-related distributions of hepatic arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid in early infancy. | 1995 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:7494660 |
Sauerwald TU et al. | Intermediates in endogenous synthesis of C22:6 omega 3 and C20:4 omega 6 by term and preterm infants. | 1997 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:9029636 |
GarcÃa-Calatayud S et al. | Brain docosahexaenoic acid status and learning in young rats submitted to dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency and supplementation limited to lactation. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:15718358 |
Lefkowitz W et al. | Where does the developing brain obtain its docosahexaenoic acid? Relative contributions of dietary alpha-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and body stores in the developing rat. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:15531740 |
Mollard RC and Weiler HA | Dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid elevate femur calcium and reduce zinc content in piglets. | 2006 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16940244 |
Su HM et al. | Bioequivalence of dietary alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids as sources of docosahexaenoate accretion in brain and associated organs of neonatal baboons. | 1999 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:9890614 |
Bouwstra H et al. | Neurologic condition of healthy term infants at 18 months: positive association with venous umbilical DHA status and negative association with umbilical trans-fatty acids. | 2006 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16857765 |
Damsgaard CT et al. | The effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone formation and growth factors in adolescent boys. | 2012 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:22337227 |
Anderson GJ et al. | Docosahexaenoic acid is the preferred dietary n-3 fatty acid for the development of the brain and retina. | 1990 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:2136947 |
Champoux M et al. | Fatty acid formula supplementation and neuromotor development in rhesus monkey neonates. | 2002 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:11861930 |
Lapillonne A et al. | The use of low-EPA fish oil for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants. | 2000 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:11102555 |
Larqué E et al. | Dietary trans fatty acids affect docosahexaenoic acid concentrations in plasma and liver but not brain of pregnant and fetal rats. | 2000 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:10674359 |
Bowen RA et al. | Does increasing dietary linolenic acid content increase the docosahexaenoic acid content of phospholipids in neuronal cells of neonatal rats? | 1999 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:10367771 |
Sarkadi-Nagy E et al. | The influence of prematurity and long chain polyunsaturate supplementation in 4-week adjusted age baboon neonate brain and related tissues. | 2003 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:12736388 |
Makrides M et al. | Erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid correlates with the visual response of healthy, term infants. | 1993 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:8479826 |
Birch EE et al. | Visual acuity and the essentiality of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in the diet of term infants. | 1998 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:9702915 |
Carlson SE et al. | Effect of fish oil supplementation on the n-3 fatty acid content of red blood cell membranes in preterm infants. | 1987 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:2954026 |
Dunstan JA et al. | The effects of fish oil supplementation in pregnancy on breast milk fatty acid composition over the course of lactation: a randomized controlled trial. | 2007 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:17957152 |
Carlson SE et al. | Long-term feeding of formulas high in linolenic acid and marine oil to very low birth weight infants: phospholipid fatty acids. | 1991 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:1684416 |
Carlson SE et al. | Visual acuity and fatty acid status of term infants fed human milk and formulas with and without docosahexaenoate and arachidonate from egg yolk lecithin. | 1996 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:8726246 |
Morris SA et al. | Developmental sensitivity of the piglet brain to docosahexanoic acid. | 1999 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:10509359 |
Cetin I et al. | Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid fetal-maternal relationships. | 2002 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:12409524 |
Clandinin MT et al. | Assessment of the efficacious dose of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in preterm infant formulas: fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membrane lipids. | 1997 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:9396564 |
Wijendran V et al. | Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuate the IL-1β-induced proinflammatory response in human fetal intestinal epithelial cells. | 2015 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:26270575 |
Groh-Wargo S et al. | Body composition in preterm infants who are fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. | 2005 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:15718356 |
Mayes C et al. | Variation in [U-13C] alpha linolenic acid absorption, beta-oxidation and conversion to docosahexaenoic acid in the pre-term infant fed a DHA-enriched formula. | 2006 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:16439591 |
de la Presa Owens S and Innis SM | Diverse, region-specific effects of addition of arachidonic and docosahexanoic acids to formula with low or adequate linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on piglet brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters. | 2000 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:10879811 |
Carnielli VP et al. | The very low birth weight premature infant is capable of synthesizing arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids from linoleic and linolenic acids. | 1996 | Pediatr. Res. | pmid:8798265 |
Kurlandsky LE et al. | The absorption and effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on serum leukotriene B4 in patients with cystic fibrosis. | 1994 | Pediatr. Pulmonol. | pmid:7838619 |
Ahmad A et al. | Decrease in neuron size in docosahexaenoic acid-deficient brain. | 2002 | Pediatr. Neurol. | pmid:11955929 |