26-Hydroxycholesterol is a lipid of Sterol Lipids (ST) class. 26-hydroxycholesterol is associated with abnormalities such as Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Diseases, Metabolic syndrome, Obesity and Fatty Streak, Arterial. The involved functions are known as Oxidation, phospholipase activity, glucose metabolism, Binding (Molecular Function) and Regulation. 26-hydroxycholesterol often locates in Immune system, Body tissue, Extracellular, Protoplasm and Back. The associated genes with 26-Hydroxycholesterol are Homologous Gene, chylomicron remnant, Receptor Gene, Alleles and D3 compound. The related lipids are 27-hydroxycholesterol, Hydroxycholesterols, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Total cholesterol and Lipopolysaccharides. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Transgenic Model.
To understand associated biological information of 26-Hydroxycholesterol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
26-Hydroxycholesterol is suspected in hypercholesterolemia, Obesity, Atherosclerosis, Metabolic syndrome, Neurodegenerative Disorders, Dyslipidemias and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
|---|
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 26-Hydroxycholesterol
| MeSH term | MeSH ID | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous | D019294 | 14 associated lipids |
| Plaque, Amyloid | D058225 | 19 associated lipids |
| Niemann-Pick Diseases | D009542 | 25 associated lipids |
| Alcoholism | D000437 | 27 associated lipids |
| Alzheimer Disease | D000544 | 76 associated lipids |
| Hypercholesterolemia | D006937 | 91 associated lipids |
| Inflammation | D007249 | 119 associated lipids |
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Cholesterol and breast cancer pathophysiology.' (Nelson ER et al., 2014) and Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Obesity, cholesterol metabolism, and breast cancer pathogenesis.' (McDonnell DP et al., 2014).
Knock-out are used in the study 'The cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol promotes atherosclerosis via proinflammatory processes mediated by estrogen receptor alpha.' (Umetani M et al., 2014).
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Szedlacsek SE et al. | Esterification of oxysterols by human plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. | 1995 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:7744831 |
| Bodin K et al. | Antiepileptic drugs increase plasma levels of 4beta-hydroxycholesterol in humans: evidence for involvement of cytochrome p450 3A4. | 2001 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:11514559 |
| Ayaki Y et al. | Cholic acid synthesis from 26-hydroxycholesterol and 3-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid in the rabbit. | 1989 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:2917979 |
| Frolov A et al. | NPC1 and NPC2 regulate cellular cholesterol homeostasis through generation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol-derived oxysterols. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12719428 |
| Christenson LK et al. | Oxysterol regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene expression. Structural specificity and transcriptional and posttranscriptional actions. | 1998 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9804848 |
| Davies JD et al. | Adipocytic differentiation and liver x receptor pathways regulate the accumulation of triacylglycerols in human vascular smooth muscle cells. | 2005 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15548517 |
| Mateos L et al. | Side chain-oxidized oxysterols regulate the brain renin-angiotensin system through a liver X receptor-dependent mechanism. | 2011 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:21628469 |
| Brown J et al. | Differential expression of cholesterol hydroxylases in Alzheimer's disease. | 2004 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:15148325 |
| Pikuleva IA et al. | Activities of recombinant human cytochrome P450c27 (CYP27) which produce intermediates of alternative bile acid biosynthetic pathways. | 1998 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:9660774 |
| Zhang JH et al. | The N-terminal domain of NPC1L1 protein binds cholesterol and plays essential roles in cholesterol uptake. | 2011 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:21602275 |
| Axelson M and Larsson O | Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is converted to 27-hydroxycholesterol in human fibroblasts. Evidence that 27-hydroxycholesterol can be an important intracellular mediator between LDL and the suppression of cholesterol production. | 1995 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:7797494 |
| Escher G et al. | Expression of sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) enhances cholesterol efflux. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12531903 |
| Rojo L et al. | Roles of cholesterol and lipids in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. | 2006 | J. Biomed. Biotechnol. | pmid:17047312 |
| Ehrhardt M et al. | Expression of human CYP27A1 in B. megaterium for the efficient hydroxylation of cholesterol, vitamin D3 and 7-dehydrocholesterol. | 2016 | J. Biotechnol. | pmid:26638999 |
| Karuna R et al. | Dopant assisted-atmospheric pressure photoionization (DA-APPI) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the quantification of 27-hydroxycholesterol in plasma. | 2009 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:19121981 |
| Jabara S et al. | Stromal cells of the human postmenopausal ovary display a distinctive biochemical and molecular phenotype. | 2003 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:12519894 |
| Zhang JR et al. | Niemann-Pick C1 protects against atherosclerosis in mice via regulation of macrophage intracellular cholesterol trafficking. | 2008 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:18483620 |
| Oguro H et al. | 27-Hydroxycholesterol induces hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis during pregnancy. | 2017 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:28783041 |
| Ismail MA et al. | 27-Hydroxycholesterol impairs neuronal glucose uptake through an IRAP/GLUT4 system dysregulation. | 2017 | J. Exp. Med. | pmid:28213512 |
| Hendrikx T et al. | Hematopoietic overexpression of Cyp27a1 reduces hepatic inflammation independently of 27-hydroxycholesterol levels in Ldlr(-/-) mice. | 2015 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:25281859 |
| Strömsten A et al. | Studies on the mechanism of accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder mucosa. Evidence that sterol 27-hydroxylase is not a pathogenetic factor. | 2004 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:14672608 |
| Mignarri A et al. | Evaluation of cholesterol metabolism in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. | 2016 | J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. | pmid:26153518 |
| Björkhem I | Crossing the barrier: oxysterols as cholesterol transporters and metabolic modulators in the brain. | 2006 | J. Intern. Med. | pmid:17116000 |
| Hansson M et al. | Unique patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Evidence for presence of a defect in a gene that is not identical to sterol 27-hydroxylase. | 2007 | J. Intern. Med. | pmid:17444890 |
| Duane WC and Javitt NB | Conversion of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol to bile acid in human subjects: is there an alternate pathway favoring cholic acid synthesis? | 2002 | J. Lab. Clin. Med. | pmid:11919549 |
| Wu Z et al. | Structure and functions of human oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase cDNAs and gene CYP7B1. | 1999 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:10588945 |
| Reiss AB et al. | Sterol 27-hydroxylase: expression in human arterial endothelium. | 1997 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:9215552 |
| Honda A et al. | Differences in hepatic levels of intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis between Cyp27(-/-) mice and CTX. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11181760 |
| Ali Z et al. | On the regulatory role of side-chain hydroxylated oxysterols in the brain. Lessons from CYP27A1 transgenic and Cyp27a1(-/-) mice. | 2013 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:23284090 |
| Norlin M et al. | 24-hydroxycholesterol is a substrate for hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A). | 2000 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11013305 |
| Winegar DA et al. | Effects of cyclosporin on cholesterol 27-hydroxylation and LDL receptor activity in HepG2 cells. | 1996 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8820113 |
| Martin KO et al. | Cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation: evidence for two different enzymes. | 1993 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8496664 |
| Petrack B and Latario BJ | Synthesis of 27-hydroxycholesterol in rat liver mitochondria: HPLC assay and marked activation by exogenous cholesterol. | 1993 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8496670 |
| Meaney S et al. | Novel route for elimination of brain oxysterols across the blood-brain barrier: conversion into 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid. | 2007 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:17251592 |
| Honda A et al. | Cholesterol 25-hydroxylation activity of CYP3A. | 2011 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:21576599 |
| Esterman AL et al. | Cholesterol metabolism: use of D2O for determination of synthesis rate in cell culture. | 1985 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:2995527 |
| Björkhem I et al. | Oxysterols in the circulation of patients with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: abnormal levels of 24S- and 27-hydroxycholesterol. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11254748 |
| Li T et al. | PXR induces CYP27A1 and regulates cholesterol metabolism in the intestine. | 2007 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:17088262 |
| Ni Y et al. | Inhibitors of sterol synthesis. Tritium-labeled 26-hydroxycholesterol of high specific activity from a byproduct of the Clemmensen reduction of diosgenin. | 1994 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8014589 |
| Axelson M et al. | Structural specificity in the suppression of HMG-CoA reductase in human fibroblasts by intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:7751816 |
| Esterman AL et al. | 26-hydroxycholesterol: regulation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity in Chinese hamster ovary cell culture. | 1983 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:6644180 |
| Reiss AB et al. | Immune complexes and IFN-gamma decrease cholesterol 27-hydroxylase in human arterial endothelium and macrophages. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11714861 |
| Meaney S et al. | Evidence that the major oxysterols in human circulation originate from distinct pools of cholesterol: a stable isotope study. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11160367 |
| Lange Y et al. | Regulation of fibroblast mitochondrial 27-hydroxycholesterol production by active plasma membrane cholesterol. | 2009 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:19401598 |
| Schüle R et al. | Marked accumulation of 27-hydroxycholesterol in SPG5 patients with hereditary spastic paresis. | 2010 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:19812052 |
| Del Puppo M et al. | Cholesterol metabolism in primary biliary cirrhosis during simvastatin and UDCA administration. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11254756 |
| Li X et al. | Biosynthesis of the regulatory oxysterol, 5-cholesten-3beta,25-diol 3-sulfate, in hepatocytes. | 2007 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:17890683 |
| Mistry HD et al. | Increased maternal and fetal cholesterol efflux capacity and placental CYP27A1 expression in preeclampsia. | 2017 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:28396342 |
| Zhang Z et al. | Key regulatory oxysterols in liver: analysis as delta4-3-ketone derivatives by HPLC and response to physiological perturbations. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11290837 |
| Norlin M | Expression of key enzymes in bile acid biosynthesis during development: CYP7B1-mediated activities show tissue-specific differences. | 2002 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11971943 |